1. PHYSICALLY TOUCHING, SUPPORT-ING, OR CONTAINING 身体接触；支承；容纳
2. HAVING OR DOING 拥有；做
3. CONTROLLING OR REMAINING 控制；保持
4. PHRASES 短语
5. PHRASAL VERBS 短语动词
Part-1
1
[VERB 动词]拿着；握住；托住 When you hold something, you carry or support it, using your hands or your arms.
[V n prep/adv]
[V n]
[usu sing]
Hold the knife at an angle...
斜握住刀。
She is holding her journal and a pen...
她手里拿着日记和一支笔。
He held the pistol in his right hand...
他右手握着手枪。
Hold the baby while I load the car.
你先抱着孩子，让我把东西装上车。
Hold is also a noun.
He released his hold on the camera.
他松手放开了照相机。
2
[N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词]（紧紧的）拿，握Hold is used in expressions such as grab hold of ,catch hold of, and get hold of, to indicate that you close your hand tightly around something, for example to stop something moving or falling.
[N of n]
I was woken up by someone grabbing hold of my sleeping bag...
有人猛地抓住了我的睡袋，把我惊醒了。
A doctor and a nurse caught hold of his arms...
一名医生和一名护士抓住了他的双臂。
Mother took hold of the barking dogs by their collars.
母亲拉住了那几只吠叫的狗的项圈。
3
[VERB 动词]（通常为表示喜爱或安慰而）拥抱，抱住 When you hold someone, you put your arms round them, usually because you want to show them how much you like them or because you want to comfort them.
[V n adv]
[Also V n]
If only he would hold her close to him.
要是他能将她拥入怀中就好了。
4
[VERB 动词]用力使（某人）不得动弹 If you hold someone in a particular position, you use force to keep them in that position and stop them from moving.
[V n prep]
[V n with adv]
[Also V n]
He then held the man in an armlock until police arrived...
然后他反扭住那名男子的手臂让他动弹不得，直到警察赶到。
I'd got two nurses holding me down.
两名护士按着我不让我乱动。
5
[N-COUNT 可数名词]（使某人不得动弹的）抓住，夹住 A hold is a particular way of keeping someone in a position using your own hands, arms, or legs.
...use of an unauthorized hold on a handcuffed suspect.
对戴手铐的嫌疑犯使用非法的擒拿方式
6
[VERB 动词]（常指疼伤痛而）按住，捂住 When you hold a part of your body, you put your hand on or against it, often because it hurts.
[V n]
Soon she was crying bitterly about the pain and was holding her throat.
很快她痛得大哭起来，同时用手捂着自己的喉咙。
7
[VERB 动词]使（身体部位）保持（某种姿势） When you hold a part of your body in a particular position, you put it into that position and keep it there.
[V n prep/adv]
[V-ed]
[Also V n adj]
Hold your hands in front of your face...
把双手举在面前。
He walked at a rapid pace with his back straight and his head held erect.
他昂首挺胸地快步而行。
8
[VERB 动词]把…固定住 If one thing holds another in a particular position, it keeps it in that position.
[V n with adv]
[V n prep]
...the wooden wedge which held the heavy door open...
卡住沉重的门不让它关上的木楔
They used steel pins to hold everything in place.
他们用钢钉将所有东西都固定住。
9
[VERB 动词]存放；盛放；装 If one thing is used to hold another, it is used to store it.
[V n]
Two knife racks hold her favourite knives.
两个刀架上存放着她最心爱的刀具。
...the large cardboard and wooden cases used to hold my new appliances.
用来装我新买的家用电器的几个大的纸箱和木箱
10
[N-COUNT 可数名词]（船、飞机等的）货舱，行李舱 In a ship or aeroplane, a hold is a place where cargo or luggage is stored.
[oft n N]
A fire had been reported in the cargo hold.
行李舱内报称起火了。
11
[VERB 动词]储备；储存 If a place holds something, it keeps it available for reference or for future use.
[V n]
The Small Firms Service holds an enormous amount of information on any business problem...
小型企业服务处备有关于各种商务问题的海量信息。
We have reviewed the data that we hold for the area.
我们已经审核过为该地区保存的数据了。
12
[VERB 动词]容纳得下 If something holds a particular amount of something, it can contain that amount.
[V n]
[no cont]
The small bottles don't seem to hold much...
这些小瓶子好像装不下多少。
One CD-ROM disk can hold over 100,000 pages of text.
一张光盘可以存储十多万多页的文字资料。
13
[VERB 动词]大量喝（酒）而不醉 If you can hold your drink, you are able to drink large quantities of alcohol without becoming ill or getting drunk.
[V n]
...but you had to be able to hold your liquor.
但你得能喝酒才行。
14
[VERB 动词]（车辆）抓（地） If a vehicle holds the road well, it remains in close contact with the road and can be controlled safely and easily.
[V n adv]
[Also V n]
I thought the car held the road really well.
我认为这辆车抓地性能真的非常好。
15
See also:
holding
；
Part-2
Hold is often used to indicate that someone or something has the particular thing, characteristic, or attitude that is mentioned. Therefore it takes most of its meaning from the word that follows it.
hold 常用来表示某人或某物具备所提到的某种东西、特征或态度，因此其意义主要视后接之词而定。
1
[VERB 动词]持有，怀有（观点、信念等）Hold is used with words and expressions indicating an opinion or belief, to show that someone has a particular opinion or believes that something is true.
[V n]
[V that]
[V n in n]
[V-ed]
[no cont]
He held firm opinions which usually conflicted with my own...
他对自己的观点坚定不移，而这些观点通常和我的相左。
He holds certain expectations about the teacher's role...
他对教师的角色抱有某些期待。
Current thinking holds that obesity is more a medical than a psychological problem...
现在的观点认为，肥胖更多的是医学问题而非心理问题。
The public, meanwhile, hold architects in low esteem.
与此同时，公众对建筑师并不看重。
...a widely held opinion.
普遍的看法
2
[VERB 动词]带给人，使人感到（害怕、神秘等）Hold is used with words such as 'fear' or 'mystery' to indicate someone's feelings towards something, as if those feelings were a characteristic of the thing itself.
[V n for n]
[V n]
[no passive]
Death doesn't hold any fear for me...
死亡对我来说并不可怕。
It held more mystery than even the darkest jungle...
它甚至比最黑暗的丛林还更令人感到神秘。
This approach, more than any other, holds promise for true reform.
这一方法比其他任何方法都更让人看到真正改革的希望。
3
[VERB 动词]担任（职务）；掌握（权力）；负有（责任）Hold is used with nouns such as 'office', 'power', and 'responsibility' to indicate that someone has a particular position of power or authority.
[V n]
She has never held ministerial office...
她从未担任过部长级职务。
I'd seen it before in people who held immense power.
我以前曾在掌握大权的人身上看到过这种情况。
4
[VERB 动词]持有（许可、票证等）；拥有（学位等）Hold is used with nouns such as 'permit', 'degree', or 'ticket' to indicate that someone has a particular document that allows them to do something.
[V n]
Applicants should normally hold a good Honours degree...
申请人通常应该拥有优秀荣誉学位。
He did not hold a firearm certificate...
他没有持枪许可。
Passengers holding tickets will receive refunds.
持票旅客将会得到退款。
5
[VERB 动词]举行（聚会、会议、会谈、选举、审判等）Hold is used with nouns such as 'party', 'meeting', 'talks', 'election', and 'trial' to indicate that people are organizing a particular activity.
[V n]
The country will hold democratic elections within a year...
该国将在一年之内举行民主选举。
The German sports federation said it would hold an investigation.
德国体育联合会称它将进行调查。
...the club, which was licensed to hold parties.
获准举办各种聚会的俱乐部
holding
They also called for the holding of multi-party general elections.
他们还呼吁举行多党大选。
6
[V-RECIP 相互动词]进行（谈话、采访、会商等）Hold is used with nouns such as 'conversation', 'interview', and 'talks' to indicate that two or more people meet and discuss something.
[V n with n]
[pl-n V]
[V n (non-recip)]
The Prime Minister, is holding consultations with his colleagues to finalise the deal...
首相正在和同僚进行磋商，以敲定该协议。
The engineer and his son held frequent consultations concerning technical problems...
工程师和他的儿子经常就技术问题互相征求意见。
They can't believe you can even hold a conversation.
他们不敢相信你竟然能够把一场对话进行下去。
7
[VERB 动词]See also:
holding
；持有（股份、股票等）Hold is used with nouns such as 'shares' and 'stock' to indicate that someone owns a particular proportion of a business.
[V n]
The group said it continues to hold 1,774,687 Vons shares...
该集团称其继续持有1,774,687股冯氏公司的股份。
The Fisher family holds 40% of the stock.
费希尔家族持有40%的股份。
8
[VERB 动词]占有（领先地位、优势等）Hold is used with words such as 'lead' or 'advantage' to indicate that someone is winning or doing well in a contest.
[V n]
He continued to hold a lead in Angola's presidential race...
他继续在安哥拉总统大选中占据领先地位。
Mestel holds a slight advantage.
梅斯特尔占有微弱优势。
9
[VERB 动词]吸引住（注意力）；保持（兴趣）Hold is used with nouns such as 'attention' or 'interest' to indicate that what you do or say keeps someone interested or listening to you.
[V n]
If you want to hold someone's attention, look them directly in the eye but don't stare...
如果想吸引住某人的注意力，就要直视他们的眼睛，但别死盯着。
Couldn't I hold Philippe's interest?
我难道就不能让菲利普一直感兴趣吗？
10
[VERB 动词]认定（…负有责任）；归（咎）于 If you hold someone responsible, liable, or accountable for something, you will blame them if anything goes wrong.
[V n adj]
It's impossible to hold any individual responsible.
不可能归咎于任何个人。
...shareholders who want to hold corporate directors more accountable for their actions.
想让公司董事为自己的行为负更大责任的股东们
Part-3
1
[VERB 动词]关押；扣留 If someone holds you in a place, they keep you there as a prisoner and do not allow you to leave.
[V n]
[V n n]
[V-ed]
The inside of a van was as good a place as any to hold a kidnap victim...
小货车内是关押被绑架人的好地方。
Somebody is holding your wife hostage...
有人挟持了你妻子作为人质。
Japan had originally demanded the return of two seamen held on spying charges.
日本起初要求放回两名以间谍罪名遭拘留的海员。
2
[VERB 动词]（军队、暴乱人群等）占据，控制 If people such as an army or a violent crowd hold a place, they control it by using force.
[V n]
Demonstrators have been holding the square since Sunday.
示威者从周日起就占领了广场。
3
[N-SING 单数名词]（因握有某人把柄或掌握权力而形成的）控制力，支配力 If you have a hold over someone, you have power or control over them, for example because you know something about them you can use to threaten them or because you are in a position of authority.
[usu N over/on n]
It's always useful to have a hold over a fellow like Carl May...
能支配像卡尔·梅这样的人总是很有用的。
He had ordered his officers to keep an exceptionally firm hold over their men...
他已经命令军官要倍加严格地管住自己的手下。
Because he once loved her, she still has a hold on him.
因为他曾经爱过她，她现在仍能对他产生影响。
4
[VERB 动词]（接电话时让对方）稍等，不要挂断 If you ask someone to hold, or to hold the line, when you are answering a telephone call, you are asking them to wait for a short time, for example so that you can find the person they want to speak to.
[V n]
[V]
[no passive]
Could you hold the line and I'll just get my pen...
能否请您稍等一会儿，我拿支笔？
A telephone operator asked him to hold.
电话接线员让他不要挂断。
5
[VERB 动词]代接（电话）并向受话人转告通话内容 If you hold telephone calls for someone, you do not allow people who phone to speak to that person, but take messages instead.
[V n]
He tells his secretary to hold his calls.
他让秘书代接电话。
6
[V-ERG 及物/不及物动词]（使）保持（在一定价值或水平） If something holds at a particular value or level, or is held there, it is kept at that value or level.
[V prep/adv/adj]
[V n with adv]
[V n prep/adj]
[V n]
[Also V]
OPEC production is holding at around 21.5 million barrels a day...
石油输出国组织的石油产量保持在每天约2,150万桶。
They were expecting the jobless rate to hold steady...
他们预计失业率会保持稳定。
The Prime Minister yesterday ruled out Government action to hold down petrol prices...
首相昨天表示政府不会采取行动抑制汽油价格上涨。
The final dividend will be held at 20.7p, after an 8 per cent increase.
增长了8%后，最终的红利将会保持在20.7便士的水平。
...provided the pound holds its value against the euro.
只要英镑保持其和欧元之间的比价
7
[VERB 动词]持续发出（声音、音符） If you hold a sound or musical note, you continue making it.
[V n]
...a voice which hit and held every note with perfect ease and clarity.
非常自如清晰地唱出并拉长每个音符的歌喉
8
[VERB 动词]延迟；推迟 If you hold something such as a train, a lift, or an elevator, you delay it.
[V n]
A London Underground spokesman defended the decision to hold the train until police arrived.
伦敦地铁公司的发言人为推迟发车直到警方赶来的决定作了辩解。
9
[VERB 动词]（提议、邀请等）有效 If an offer or invitation still holds, it is still available for you to accept.
[V]
Does your offer still hold?
你的提议仍然有效吗？
10
[VERB 动词]（好形势）保持不变，持续 If a good situation holds, it continues and does not get worse or fail.
[V]
Our luck couldn't hold for ever...
我们不会永远走运。
Would the weather hold?...
天气会保持晴好吗？
Will the ceasefire hold?
停火能持续下去吗？
11
[VERB 动词]（论点、理论等）站得住脚，成立 If an argument or theory holds, it is true or valid, even after close examination.
[V]
[V P]
Today, most people think that argument no longer holds...
今天，大多数人认为那个论点已经站不住脚了。
The theory could still hold.
该理论有可能仍然成立。
Hold up means the same as hold .hold up 同 hold
Democrats say arguments against the bill won't hold up.
民主党人声称反对该议案的论点站不住脚。
12
[VERB 动词]（在重压下）保持不倒，支撑住 If part of a structure holds, it does not fall or break although there is a lot of force or pressure on it.
[V]
How long would the roof hold?
房顶能支撑多久？
13
[VERB 动词]（法规等）适用，有效 If laws or rules hold, they exist and remain in force.
[V]
These laws also hold for universities.
这些法律也适用于各大学。
14
[VERB 动词]坚持（观点或信念） If you say that you hold to a particular opinion or belief, you are stating firmly that you continue to have that opinion or belief.
[V to n]
[FORMAL 正式]
I hold to my belief that people should be allowed to have private lives...
我坚信应该允许人们拥有自己的私生活。
Would you still hold to that view?
你仍会坚持那个看法吗？
15
[VERB 动词]遵守，恪守（承诺或高尚的行为准则） If you hold to a promise or to high standards of behaviour, you keep that promise or continue to behave according to those standards.
[V to n]
[FORMAL 正式]
Will the President be able to hold to this commit-ment?...
总统能恪守此承诺吗？
Not all men are as honorable or hold to the same standards as Sam.
不是所有的人都像萨姆那样品德如此高尚，抑或恪守同样的道德准则。
...whether youngsters in a multicultural society can really be expected to hold to uniformity in their speech.
多文化社会中的年轻人是否真的有望坚持言语的统一性
16
[VERB 动词]使遵守，使恪守（承诺或高尚的行为准则） If someone or something holds you to a promise or to high standards of behaviour, they make you keep that promise or those standards.
[V n to n]
I would say it's almost time to hold him to that promise...
我认为已经差不多是时候让他兑现那个承诺了。
Don't hold me to that...
我不能百分百保证。
It does hold you to certain standards of fairness.
它的确能让你恪守某些公平原则。
Part-4
1
[PHRASE 短语]（尤指当众）滔滔不绝地说 If you hold forth on a subject, you speak confidently and for a long time about it, especially to a group of people.
[V inflects]
Barry was holding forth on politics.
巴里正在滔滔不绝地谈论政治。
2
[PHRASE 短语]（通常指好不容易）得到，获得 If you get hold of an object or information, you obtain it, usually after some difficulty.
[V inflects]
It is hard to get hold of guns in this country.
在这个国家里要搞到枪支是很困难的。
3
[PHRASE 短语]领会；弄懂 If you get hold of a fact or a subject, you learn about it and understand it well.
[V inflects]
[BRIT 英]
[INFORMAL 非正式]
He first had to get hold of some basic facts.
他首先得弄清一些基本事实。
4
[PHRASE 短语]设法和…取得联络 If you get hold of someone, you manage to contact them.
[V inflects]
The only electrician we could get hold of was miles away.
我们唯一能够联络到的电工离这里有好几英里远。
5
[CONVENTION 惯用语]停下；慢着 If you say 'Hold it', you are telling someone to stop what they are doing and to wait.
Hold it! Don't move!
停下！别动！
6
[PHRASE 短语]延迟；暂缓；搁置 If you put something on hold, you decide not to do it, deal with it, or change it now, but to leave it until later.
[PHR after v]
He put his retirement on hold until he had found a solution...
他推迟了退休，直到他找到了解决办法。
He described their foreign policy as on hold.
他将他们的外交政策称为缓兵之计。
7
[PHRASE 短语]（面对攻击、反对等）顶住，坚持住 If you hold your own, you are able to resist someone who is attacking or opposing you.
[V inflects]
The Frenchman held his own against the challenger.
这名法国人顶住了挑战者的进攻。
8
[PHRASE 短语]与…相匹敌；不比…逊色 If you can do something well enough to hold your own, you do not appear foolish when you are compared with someone who is generally thought to be very good at it.
[V inflects]
She can hold her own against almost any player.
她几乎能和任何一名选手一较高下。
9
[PHRASE 短语]不动 If you hold still, you do not move.
[V inflects]
Can't you hold still for a second?
你一秒钟不动都做不到吗？
10
[PHRASE 短语]完全控制；彻底影响 If something takes hold, it gains complete control or influence over a person or thing.
[V inflects]
She felt a strange excitement taking hold of her...
她浑身感到一股莫名的兴奋。
She was determined not to let the illness take hold again.
她决心不让疾病再次击垮自己。
11
[PHRASE 短语]抓紧；抓牢；扶好（以站稳） If you hold tight, you put your hand round or against something in order to prevent yourself from falling over. A bus driver might say 'Hold tight!' to you if you are standing on a bus when it is about to move.
[V inflects]
He held tight to the rope...
他牢牢抓住绳子。
Climb on to my back and hold tight.
爬到我背上抓紧了。
12
[PHRASE 短语]暂不行动 If you hold tight, you do not immediately start a course of action that you have been planning or thinking about.
[V inflects]
The unions have circulated their branches, urging members to hold tight until a national deal is struck.
各工会已经在其分支机构中作了宣传工作，敦促会员等到达成全国性协议后再行动。
13
to hold something at bay→see:
bay
； to hold your breath→see:
breath
； can't hold a candle to→see:
candle
； to hold something in check→see:
check
； to hold court→see:
court
； to hold fast→see:
fast
； to hold the fort→see:
fort
； what the future holds→see:
future
； to hold your ground→see:
ground
； to hold your peace→see:
peace
； to hold someone to ransom→see:
ransom
； to hold sway→see:
sway
； to hold your tongue→see:
tongue
；
Part-5
相关词组：
hold against
hold back
hold down
hold in
hold off
hold on
hold on to
hold out
hold over
hold together
hold up
hold with
Oxford
hold★/həʊld; NAmEhoʊld/
verb
,
noun
holdholdsheldholdingverb★(held,held/held; NAmEheld/)in hand/arms 手；双臂1★[transitive ]holdsb/sth (+ adv./prep.) to carry sth; to have sb/sth in your hand, arms, etc. 拿着；抓住；抱住；托住；夹着◆She was holding a large box.她提着一只大箱子。◆I held the mouse by its tail.我抓着耗子的尾巴倒提起来。◆The girl held her father's hand tightly.女孩紧紧地拉着她父亲的手。◆He was holding the baby in his arms.他抱着婴儿。◆The winning captain held the trophy in the air.获胜队的队长把奖杯高举到空中。◆We were holding hands(= holding each other's hands).我们手拉着手。◆The lovers held each other close.这对恋人紧紧相拥着。2★[transitive ]holdsth to put your hand on part of your body, usually because it hurts 抱住，捂住，按住（受伤的身体部位等）◆She groaned and held her head.她呻吟一声，用手抱住头。in position 位置3★[transitive ]to keep sb/sth in a particular position 使保持（在某位置）holdsth (+ adv./prep.) ◆Hold your head up.抬起头来。◆Hold this position for a count of 10.保持这个姿势别动，数到 10。◆The wood is held in position by a clamp.这木头用夹钳固定住了。◆I had to hold my stomach in (= pull the muscles flat)to zip up my jeans. 我得把肚皮收紧才能拉上牛仔裤的拉链。holdsth + adj. ◆I'll hold the door open for you.我会把门给你开着的。support 支撑4★[transitive ]holdsb/sth to support the weight of sb/sth 支撑…的重量◆I don't think that branch will hold your weight.我觉得那根树枝撑不住你的重量。contain 容纳5★[transitive ]holdsb/sth to have enough space for sth/sb; to contain sth/sb 容纳；包含◆This barrel holds 25 litres.这只桶能盛 25 升。◆The plane holds about 300 passengers.这架飞机可容纳大约 300 名乘客。sb prisoner 监禁6★[transitive ]to keep sb and not allow them to leave 监禁；拘留holdsb ◆Police are holding two men in connection with last Thursday's bank raid.警方拘留了两名与上星期四的银行抢劫案有关的男子。holdsb + noun ◆He was held prisonerfor two years. 他被囚禁了两年。control 控制7[transitive ]holdsth to defend sth against attack; to have control of sth 守卫；控制◆The rebels held the radio station.叛乱者占据了电台。remain 保持8[intransitive ]to remain strong and safe or in position 承受住；坚持住；保持原位◆They were afraid the dam wouldn't hold.他们担心大坝会承受不住。9[intransitive ]to remain the same 保持不变◆How long will the fine weather hold?好天气会持续多久？◆If their luck holds, they could still win the championship.如果他们的好运持续下去，他们仍能赢得冠军。keep 使持续10★[transitive ]holdsth to keep sb's attention or interest 使（注意力或兴趣）持续不减；吸引住◆There wasn't much in the museum to hold my attention.博物馆中没有很多让我感兴趣的东西。11[transitive ]holdsth (at sth) to keep sth at the same level, rate, speed, etc. 使保持同样程度（或比率、速度等）◆Hold your speed at 70.保持 70 迈的速度。12★[transitive ]holdsth to keep sth so that it can be used later 保存；存贮◆records held on computer存在计算机中的记录◆Our solicitor holds our wills.律师保存着我们的遗嘱。◆We can hold your reservation for three days.您的预订我们可以保留三天。own 拥有13★[transitive ]holdsth ( rather formal) to own or have sth 拥有；持有◆Employees hold 30% of the shares.雇员持有 30% 的股份。job 工作14★[transitive ]holdsth to have a particular job or position 担任；任职◆How long has he held office?他任职有多久了？record/title 纪录；称号15★[transitive ]holdsth to have sth you have gained or achieved 获得；赢得◆Who holds the world record for the long jump?跳远世界纪录的保持者是谁？◆She held the title of world champion for three years.她保持了三年的世界冠军头衔。opinion 意见16[transitive ]to have a belief or an opinion about sb/sth 怀有，持有（信念、意见）holdsth ◆He holds strange views on education.他对教育的看法不同寻常。holdsb/sth + adv./prep./adj. ◆She is held in high regardby her students (= they have a high opinion of her).学生对她评价很高。◆firmly-held beliefs坚定的信念17[transitive ]( formal) to consider that sth is true 认为；相信holdthat… ◆I still hold that the government's economic policies are mistaken.我仍然认为政府的经济政策是错误的。holdsb/sth + adj. ◆Parents will be held responsiblefor their children's behaviour. 父母将要对孩子的行为负责。be held to be sth◆These vases are held to be the finest examples of Greek art.这些花瓶被视为希腊艺术的最佳典范。meeting 会议18★[transitive , usually passive ]holdsth to have a meeting, competition, conversation, etc. 召开；举行；进行◆The meeting will be held in the community centre.会议将在社区活动中心举行。◆It's impossible to hold a conversation with all this noise.噪音这么大，根本没法进行交谈。road/course 道路；路线19[transitive ]~ the road(of a vehicle 机动车)to be in close contact with the road and easy to control, especially when driven fast （尤指高速行驶时）平稳行驶20[transitive ]~ a course(of a ship or an aircraft 船或飞机)to continue to move in a particular direction 保持航线in music 音乐21[transitive ]holdsth to make a note continue for a particular time 延长，继续唱（某音符）on telephone 电话22[intransitive , transitive ]to wait until you can speak to the person you have telephoned （打电话时）等待，不挂断◆That extension is busy right now. Can you hold?分机现在占线。您能等一会吗？~ the line◆She asked me to hold the line.她要我别挂断电话。stop 停止23[transitive ]holdsth used to tell sb to stop doing sth or not to do sth 停下；不要做◆Hold your fire! (= don't shoot)别开枪！◆Hold the front page! (= don't print it until a particular piece of news is available)把头版给我预留着！◆( NAmE) ( informal) Give me a hot dog, but hold the (= don't give me any)mustard. 给我来份热狗，但别加芥末。IDIOMSMost idioms containing holdare at the entries for the nouns and adjectives in the idioms, for example hold the fortis at fort.大多数含 hold 的习语，都可在该等习语中的名词及形容词相关词条找到，如 hold the fort 在词条 fort 下。hold ˈgoodto be true 正确；适用◆The same argument does not hold good in every case.同样的论点并非在所有的情况下都适用。ˈhold it( informal) used to ask sb to wait, or not to move 稍等；别动◆Hold it a second—I don't think everyone's arrived yet.请稍候，我想人还没有到齐。there is no ˈholding sba person cannot be prevented from doing sth 阻拦不住某人◆Once she gets on to the subject of politics there's no holding her.她一谈起政治就滔滔不绝。PHRASAL VERBSˌhold sth aˈgainst sbto allow sth that sb has done to make you have a lower opinion of them 因某人的所为而对其评价低◆I admit I made a mistake—but don't hold it against me.我承认我做错了，但别因此而记恨我。ˌhold sb/sth↔ˈback1★to prevent sb/sth from moving forward or crossing sth 拦阻；阻挡◆The police were unable to hold back the crowd.警察阻拦不住人群。2★to prevent the progress or development of sb/sth 妨碍进展◆Do you think that mixed-ability classes hold back the better students?你认为把能力参差的学生混在一班会妨碍高水平学生进步吗？ˌhold sth↔ˈback1★to not tell sb sth they want or need to know 不向（某人）透露情况；隐瞒◆to hold back information隐瞒信息2★to stop yourself from expressing how you really feel 抑制，控制（感情等）；不露声色◆She just managed to hold back her anger.她勉强压住了自己的怒火。◆He bravely held back his tears.他勇敢地没让眼泪流出来。ˌhold ˈback (from doing sth) | ˌhold sb ˈback (from doing sth)to hesitate or to make sb hesitate to act or speak （使）犹豫，踌躇◆She held back, not knowing how to break the terrible news.她踌躇着，不知如何说出这一可怕的消息。◆I wanted to tell him the truth, but something held me back.我本想告诉他真实情况，但又开不了口。ˌhold sb↔ˈdown1to prevent sb from moving, using force 按住某人◆It took three men to hold him down.三个人才把他制伏了。2to prevent sb from having their freedom or rights 剥夺某人的自由（或权利）◆The people are held down by a repressive regime.人民受到了专制政权的压迫。ˌhold sth↔ˈdown1to keep sth at a low level 使保持低水平◆The rate of inflation must be held down.通货膨胀率必须控制在低水平。2[no passive ]to keep a job for some time 保住（工作、职位）◆He was unable to hold down a job after his breakdown.他精神崩溃以后就没能保住工作。3[no passive ]( NAmE) ( informal) to limit sth, especially a noise 限制（尤指噪音）◆Hold it down, will you? I'm trying to sleep!小点声行吗？我要睡觉！ˌhold ˈforthto speak for a long time about sth in a way that other people might find boring 喋喋不休；大发议论ˌhold sth↔ˈinto not express how you really feel 克制，忍住（真实感情）◆to hold in your feelings/anger不流露感情；忍住怒火OPPlet sth outˌhold ˈoff1(of rain or a storm 雨或风暴)to not start 不开始；延迟◆The rain held off just long enough for us to have our picnic.雨还好，等到我们用完野餐才下起来。2to not do sth immediately 推迟◆We could get a new computer now or hold off until prices are lower.我们现在就可以买新计算机，不然就等到降价再说。holddoing sth ◆Could you hold off making your decision for a few days?你能推迟几天再做决定吗？ˌhold sb/sth↔ˈoffto stop sb/sth defeating you 战胜；克服◆She held off all the last-minute challengers and won the race in a new record time.她最后一刻甩掉了所有对手，以新的纪录赢得了赛跑冠军。ˌhold ˈon1★( informal) used to tell sb to wait or stop 等着；停住SYN
wait
◆Hold on a minute while I get my breath back.稍等一下，让我喘口气。◆Hold on! This isn't the right road.等一下！这条路不对。2★to survive in a difficult or dangerous situation （在困境或危险中）坚持住，挺住◆They managed to hold on until help arrived.他们勉强坚持到救援到来。3★( informal) used on the telephone to ask sb to wait until they can talk to the person they want （电话用语）别挂断，等一下◆Can you hold on? I'll see if he's here.等一下行吗？我去看看他在不在。ˌhold sth↔ˈonto keep sth in position 固定◆These nuts and bolts hold the wheels on.这些螺母和螺栓把轮子固定住了。◆The knob is only held on by sticky tape.这个旋钮只是用胶带粘住的。★ˌhold ˈon (to sth/sb) | ˌhold ˈon to sth/sb[no passive ]to keep holding sth/sb 抓紧；不放开◆Hold on and don't let go until I say so.握紧，等我让你松手时再松开。◆He held on to the back of the chair to stop himself from falling.他扶住椅子后背，以免摔倒。☞synonyms at
hold
ˌhold ˈon to sth | ˌhold ˈonto sth1to keep sth that is an advantage for you; to not give or sell sth to sb else 保住（优势）；不送（或不卖）某物◆You should hold on to your oil shares.你应该继续保留住你的石油股份。◆She took an early lead in the race and held on to it for nine laps.赛跑一开始她便冲到了前面，并一直保持领先了九圈。2★to keep sth for sb else or for longer than usual （替别人或更长时间地）保存某物◆I'll hold on to your mail for you until you get back.你回来之前我将一直替你保管邮件。ˌhold ˈout1to last, especially in a difficult situation 维持；坚持◆We can stay here for as long as our supplies hold out.我们可以在这里一直待到我们的贮备品用完。2to resist or survive in a dangerous or difficult situation 抵抗；幸存◆The rebels held out in the mountains for several years.反叛分子在山区顽抗了几年。ˌhold ˈout sthto offer a chance, hope or possibility of sth 提供机会；给予希望；使有可能◆Doctors hold out little hope of her recovering.医生对她的痊愈不抱很大的希望。★ˌhold sth↔ˈoutto put your hand or arms, or sth in your hand, towards sb, especially to give or offer sth 伸出手（或胳膊）；递出东西◆I held out my hand to steady her.我伸出手扶住她。◆He held out the keys and I took them.他伸手把钥匙递过来，我接了。ˌhold ˈout for sth[no passive ]to cause a delay in reaching an agreement because you hope you will gain sth （为得到利益）拖延达成协议◆The union negotiators are holding out for a more generous pay settlement.工会谈判代表拖延着，以期达成较优厚的薪酬协议。ˌhold ˈout on sb( informal) to refuse to tell or give sb sth 拒绝告诉（或给予）某人ˌhold sth↔ˈover[usually passive ]1to not deal with sth immediately; to leave sth to be dealt with later 搁置；推迟SYN
postpone
◆The matter was held over until the next meeting.这件事被推迟到下次会议。2to show a film/movie, play, etc. for longer than planned 延长（电影、戏剧等）的上演期◆The movie proved so popular it was held over for another week.这部电影十分受欢迎，因此又继续上演了一周。ˌhold sth ˈover sbto use knowledge that you have about sb to threaten them or make them do what you want 以某事要挟（或威逼）某人ˈhold sb to sth1to make sb keep a promise 要求某人遵守诺言2to stop an opposing team scoring more points, etc. than you 压住对方；不让对方的（得分等）超过己方◆The league leaders were held to a 0–0 draw.在联赛中领先的队伍打成了 0:0 的平局。ˌhold toˈgether | ˌhold sth↔toˈgether1to remain, or to keep sth, united （使）保持团结◆A political party should hold together.一个政党应当团结一致。◆It's the mother who usually holds the family together.使全家人凝聚在一起的通常是母亲。2(of an argument, a theory or a story 论点、理论或故事)to be logical or consistent合乎逻辑；连贯◆Their case doesn't hold together when you look at the evidence.你看一下证据就知道他们的论点前后不一致。☞compare hang togetherathangv.3if a machine or an object holds togetheror sth holds it together,the different parts stay together so that it does not break （机器、物品）完好无损ˌhold ˈupto remain strong and working effectively 支持住；承受住；支撑得住◆She's holding up well under the pressure.她承受住了压力。ˌhold sb/sth↔ˈup[often passive ]1★to support sb/sth and stop them from falling 搀扶；支撑；举起；抬起2★to delay or block the movement or progress of sb/sth 延迟；阻碍◆An accident is holding up traffic.一场事故造成了交通阻塞。◆My application was held up by the postal strike.我的申请因邮政部门罢工而耽搁了。☞related noun
hold-up
(1 )3to use or present sb/sth as an example 举出（例子）；提出（作为榜样）◆She's always holding up her children as models of good behaviour.她总是举例说自己的孩子表现如何好。◆His ideas were held up to ridicule.他的想法被当成了笑料。ˌhold up ˈsthto steal from a bank, shop/store, etc. using a gun 持枪抢劫（银行、商店等）☞related noun
hold-up
(2 )ˈhold with sth[no passive ]( used in negative sentences or in questions 用于否定句或疑问句) to agree with sth 同意；赞成SYN
approve of
◆I don't hold with the use of force.我不赞成使用武力。holddoing sth ◆They don't hold with letting children watch as much TV as they want.他们不赞成让孩子随心所欲地看太多电视。noun★with hand 用手1★[singular , uncountable ]the action of holding sb/sth; the way you are holding sb/sth 抓；握；拿；支撑SYN
grip
◆His hold on her arm tightened.他把她的胳膊抓得更紧了。◆She tried to keep hold ofthe child's hand. 她尽力拉住那孩子的手不放。◆Make sure you've got a steady hold on the camera.一定要拿稳相机。in sport 体育运动2[countable ]a particular way of holding sb, especially in a sport such as wrestlingor in a fight 持；握；抓；抱；（尤指摔跤、拳击中的）擒拿法◆The wrestler put his opponent into a head hold.那位摔跤手给对手来了个头部擒拿。power/control 权力；控制3[singular ]hold(on/over sb/sth) influence, power or control over sb/sth 影响；左右力；控制◆What she knew about his past gave her a hold over him.她知道他的过去，所以能够控制他。◆He struggled to get a hold of his anger.他竭力压制自己的怒火。☞see also
stranglehold
in climbing 攀登4[countable ]a place where you can put your hands or feet when climbing 支撑点（可手攀或脚踏的地方）☞see also
foothold
,
handhold
,
toehold
on ship/plane 船；飞机5[countable ]the part of a ship or plane where the goods being carried are stored 货舱IDIOMScatch, get, grab, take, etc. (a) ˈhold of sb/sthto have or take sb/sth in your hands 抓住；拿着；握着；握住◆He caught hold of her wrists so she couldn't get away.他抓住她的手腕，使她无法挣脱。◆Lee got hold of the dog by its collar.李拉住了狗的项圈。◆Quick, grab a hold of that rope.快，抓住那条绳子。◆Gently, she took hold of the door handle and turned it.她轻轻地握住门把手扭动了它。get ˈhold of sbto contact or find sb 和某人联系；找到某人◆Where have you been? I've been trying to get hold of you all day.你去哪了？我一整天都在找你。get ˈhold of sth1to find sth that you want or need 找到所需要的东西◆I need to get hold of Tom's address.我需要找到汤姆的地址。◆It's almost impossible to get hold of tickets for the final.几乎不可能搞到决赛的门票。2to learn or understand sth 学会；理解ˌno ˌholds ˈbarredwith no rules or limits on what sb is allowed to do 不加约束；没有限制on ˈhold1delayed until a later time or date 推迟；中断◆She puther career on holdto have a baby. 她中断了事业以便生孩子。◆The project is on hold until more money is available.这项工程暂停，等到有更多的资金时再进行。2if a person on the telephone is put on hold,they have to wait until the person that they want to talk to is free （电话接通后）等某人接电话take (a) ˈholdto begin to have complete control over sb/sth; to become very strong 开始完全控制；变得十分强大◆Panic took hold of him and he couldn't move.他突然惊慌得动弹不得。◆They got out of the house just before the flames took hold.他们就在大火吞噬房子之前逃了出来。◆It is best to treat the disease early before it takes a hold.最好还是病向浅中医。☞more at
wrong
adj.SYNONYMS 同义词辨析holdhold on ◆cling ◆clutch ◆grip ◆grasp ◆clasp ◆hang on These words all mean to have sb/sth in your hands or arms. 以上各词均表示抓住、抱住。■holdto have sb/sth in your hand or arms 指抓住、抱住、托住、夹住：◆She was holding a large box.她提着一只大箱子。◆I held the baby gently in my arms.我把婴儿轻轻地抱在怀里。■hold on (to sb/sth)to continue to hold sb/sth; to put your hand on sb/sth and not take your hand away 指抓紧、不放开：◆Hold on and don't let go until I say so.握紧，我让你松手时才松开。■clingto hold on to sb/sth tightly, especially with your whole body 尤指用身体紧抱、紧握、抓紧：◆Survivors clung topieces of floating debris. 生还者紧紧抱住一块块漂浮在水面上的残骸。■clutchto hold sb/sth tightly, especially in your hand; to take hold of sth suddenly 尤指用手抓紧、紧握、抱紧、突然抓住：◆She stood there, the flowers still clutched in her hand.她站在那里，手里仍然紧握着花束。◆He felt himself slipping and clutched ata branch. 他感到自己滑了一下便一把抓住一根树枝。■gripto hold on to sth very tightly with your hand 指用手紧握、紧抓：◆Grip the rope as tightly as you can.尽可能紧紧抓住绳子。■graspto take hold of sth firmly 指抓紧、抓牢：◆He grasped my hand and shook it warmly.他热情地抓着我的手握了起来。NOTEThe object of graspis often sb's handor wrist.*grasp 的宾语通常为 hand 或 wrist。 ■clasp( formal) to hold sb/sth tightly in your hand or in your arms 指紧握、攥紧、抱紧：◆They clasped hands (= held each other's hands).他们相互紧握着对方的手。◆She clasped the children in her arms.她把孩子紧紧地搂在怀里。NOTEThe object of claspis often your hands,sb else's handor another person. *clasp 的宾语通常为 hand 或另一个人。 ■hang on (to sth)to hold on to sth very tightly, especially in order to support yourself or stop yourself from falling 尤指为支撑自己或防止跌倒而紧紧抓住某物：◆Hang on tight. We're off!抓紧，我们出发了！PATTERNS◆to hold/clutch/grip/clasp sth in your hand / in your hand ◆to hold/catch/clasp sb/sth in your arms◆to hold/clutch/grip/grasp/clasp/hang on tosth ◆to hold/cling/hang on◆to hold/clutch/clasp sb/sth toyou ◆to hold/hold on to/cling to/clutch/grip/grasp/clasp/hang on to sb/sth tightly◆to hold/hold on to/cling to/clutch/grip/grasp/clasp sb/sth firmly◆to hold/hold on to/clutch/grip/clasp/hang on to sb/sth tighthold/həʊld; NAmEhoʊld/held/held; NAmEheld/
LDC
hold1 verb
hold2 noun
holdhold1 /həʊld $ hoʊld/ ●●●S1W1 verb (past tense and past participle held /held/)
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1hold (1)in your hand/armsa)[transitive] to have something in your hand, hands, or arms: Could you hold my bag for me?hold something in your hand/arms He was holding a knife in one hand. I held the baby in my arms.hold hands (=hold each other’s hands) They sat holding hands under a tree.hold somebody close/tightly (=with your arms around someone) Max held her close and wiped away her tears.b)[transitive always + adverb/preposition] to move your hand or something in your hand in a particular directionhold something out/up etc He held out his hand to help her to her feet. Hold the picture up so we can see it.2event [transitive] to have a meeting, party, election etc in a particular place or at a particular time: This year’s conference will be held at the Hilton Hotel. A thanksgiving ceremony was held to mark the occasion. The funeral was held on a grey day in November. In April, the president held talks with Chinese leaders.3keep something in position [transitive] to make something stay in a particular positionhold something open/up etc We used rolled-up newspapers to hold the windows open. Remember to hold your head up and keep your back straight.hold something in place/position A couple of screws should hold it in place. Lift your head off the floor and hold this position for five seconds.4job/title [transitive]a)to have a particular job or position, especially an important one: Do you really think he’s capable of holding such a responsible position?hold the post/position/office etc (of something) She was the first woman to hold the office of Australian state premier. The governor had held the post since 1989. Whoever is elected will hold office (=have an important political position) for four years.b)to have a particular title or record, because you have won a competition, are the best at something etc: The programme still holds the record for the longest running TV series. The last Briton to hold the title was Bert Nicholson.5keep/store [transitive] to keep something to be used when it is needed: Further copies of the book are held in the library. Weapons were held at various sites.6keep something available for somebody [transitive] to agree not to give something such as a ticket, a place at a restaurant, a job etc to anyone except a particular person: We can hold the reservation for you until next Friday.hold something open You can’t expect them to hold the job open for much longer – you’ll have to decide whether you want it or not.7keep somebody somewhere [transitive] to keep someone somewhere, and not allow them to leave: Police are holding two men in connection with the robbery.hold somebody prisoner/hostage/captive A senior army officer was held hostage for four months.hold somebody incommunicado (=keep someone somewhere and not allow them to communicate with anyone)8opinion [transitive not in progressive] to have a particular opinion or belief: Experts hold varying opinions as to the causes of the disease.be widely/generally/commonly held (=be the opinion of a lot of people) This view is not widely held.be held to be something She was held to be one of the most talented actors of her time.hold that The judge held that the child’s interests in this case must come first.9hold somebody responsible/accountable/liable (for something) to say or decide that someone should accept the responsibility for something bad that happens: If anything happens to her, I’ll hold you personally responsible. He may have had a terrible childhood, but he should still be held accountable for his own actions.10own something [transitive] to officially own or possess money, a document, a company etc: He holds shares in ICI. Do you hold a valid passport? a privately-held company► see thesaurus at
own
11contain a particular amount [transitive not in progressive] to have the space to contain a particular amount of something: The movie theater holds 500 people. The tank should hold enough to last us a few days.12support [intransitive, transitive] to be strong enough to support the weight of something or someone: Careful! I’m not sure that branch will hold you. The bridge didn’t look as though it would hold.13stay at same level [intransitive, transitive] to stay at a particular amount, level, or rate, or to make something do this: The bank is holding interest rates at 4%. Since then, the pound has held steady against the dollar.hold somebody’s interest/attention (=make someone stay interested) Colourful pictures help hold the students’ interest.14not change [intransitive] to continue to be true, good, available etc: What I said yesterday holds. Does your invitation still hold?hold true/good Twenty years on, his advice still holds good.weather/luck holds (out) (=continues to be good) If our luck holds, we could reach the final.15stop/delay [transitive] spoken used in particular phrases to tell someone to wait or not to do something: I’ll have a tuna fish sandwich please – and hold the mayo (=do not give me any).hold it! Hold it! We’re not quite ready.hold your horses! (=used to tell someone to do something more slowly or carefully)16hold your head up (also hold your head high) to behave as if you are proud of yourself or respect yourself: They may have lost the game, but I still think they’ve earned the right to hold their heads high today.17hold your breatha)to deliberately not breathe out for a short time: Hold your breath and count to ten.b)to not breathe out and try not to make a sound because you do not want to be noticed: Julie shrank back against the wall and held her breath.c)not hold your breath spoken used to say that you do not expect something to happen, even though someone has said it will: He promised he’d phone, but I’m not holding my breath.18hold (your) firea)to not shoot at someone when you were going tob)to not criticize, attack, or oppose someone when you were going to: The president urged his party to hold fire on the issue a few days longer.19telephone [intransitive] (also hold the line) spoken to wait until the person you have telephoned is ready to answer: Mr Stevens is busy at the moment – would you like to hold? Please hold the line while I transfer you.20army [transitive] if an army holds a place, it controls it or defends it from attack: The French army held the town for three days.21musical note [transitive] to make a musical note continue for a particular length of time22future [transitive] formal if the future holds something, that is what may happen: Thousands of workers are waiting to see what the future holds.23have a quality [transitive] formal to have a particular qualityhold (little) interest/appeal/promise etc Many church services hold little appeal for modern tastes.24hold your own (against somebody) to successfully defend yourself or succeed in a difficult situation, competition etc: He was a good enough player to hold his own against the Americans.25not hold a candle to somebody/something to be much worse than someone or something else26 be left holding the baby British English, be left holding the bag American English to be left as the only person responsible for dealing with a difficult situation, especially something someone else started: He was left holding the financial baby when his musical partner joined another band.27hold sway to have a lot of influence or power: Among people here, traditional values still hold sway.28hold court to get the attention of everyone while you are talking, especially when you are trying to entertain people: Joey would walk into the bar and hold court all night.29hold your tongue spoken used to tell someone to stop talking or to not tell someone about something: I reckon you’ve just got to learn to hold your tongue.30hold all the cards to have all the advantages in a situation in which people are competing or arguing: ‘There’s not much we can do. They seem to hold all the cards,’ said Dan gloomily.31hold fast (to something) to keep believing strongly in something32hold a conversation to have a conversation33hold the fort to be responsible for something while the person usually responsible for it is not there: She’s holding the fort while the manager’s on holiday.34hold the lead/advantage to be winning in a competition, game etc: Celtic held the lead in the first half.35there’s no holding somebody (back) spoken used to say that someone is so determined to do something that you cannot prevent them from doing it36can hold your drink/liquor/alcohol etc to be able to drink a lot of alcohol without getting drunk or ill37not hold water if an excuse, a statement etc does not hold water, it does not seem to be true or reasonable38hold something/somebody dear formal to care about something or someone a lot: We were facing the loss of everything we held dear.39hold the road if a car holds the road well, you can drive it quickly around bends without losing control40hold that thought spoken used to tell someone to remember what has just been said and then continue discussing it or thinking about it later → hold a course
at course1(8)
THESAURUShold to have something in your hand, hands, or arms: · Maria came in holding a letter.· Can I hold the baby?grip to hold something very tightly and not let it go: · He gripped her arm so she couldn’t walk away.· Jenny gripped the side of the boat to steady herself.clutch to hold something tightly, especially because you do not want to drop or lose it: · A businessman hurried past, clutching his briefcase.· The little girl clutched onto his hand.clasp written to hold someone or something tightly, closing your fingers or arms around them: · She was clasping a bunch of small summer flowers.· He clasped her in his arms and kissed her.get/take hold of something to take something in your hand or hands and hold it: · I took hold of the handle and pulled as hard as I could.· Quickly – try and get hold of that frog!grasp written to take hold of something firmly, especially in a determined way: · She grasped the lowest branch and pulled herself up into the tree.grab to take hold of something suddenly and often violently: · He grabbed my bag and ran off with it.· The other man grabbed hold of (=suddenly took hold of) my arms and threatened me with a knife.seize /siːz/ written to take hold of something suddenly and often violently: · A police officer ran after him and seized the gun.hang on (to something) to hold on to something or someone tightly to support yourself: · He hung on to the rail at the back of the motorbike.· Hang on tight!keep hold of something to continue to hold something: · Greg was struggling to keep hold of the dog.· She tried to take her hand away but he kept hold of it.hold against phrasal verbto continue to dislike someone or not forgive them because of something bad they have done in the past: You can’t still hold that against him, surely?hold back phrasal verb1hold somebody/something ↔ back to make someone or something stop moving forward: Police in riot gear held back the demonstrators.2hold something ↔ back to stop yourself from feeling or showing a particular emotion: She struggled to hold back her tears. Anger flooded through her. She couldn’t hold it back.3hold somebody/something ↔ back to prevent someone or something from making progress: They felt the British economy was being held back by excessive government controls.4hold (somebody) back to be unwilling to do something, especially because you are being careful, or to make someone unwilling to do something: In the current situation many investors are holding back. She wanted to tell him but pride held her back.5hold something ↔ back to keep something secret: Tell me all about it – don’t hold anything back!hold down phrasal verb1to make someone or something stay on something, and stop them from moving away or escaping: We had to hold the tent down with rocks to stop it blowing away. It took three strong men to hold him down.2to prevent the level of something such as prices from rising: We will aim to hold down prices.3 hold down a job to succeed in keeping a job for a period of time: He’s never held down a job for longer than a few weeks.4to keep people under control or limit their freedom: The people were held down for centuries by their conquerors.hold forth phrasal verbto give your opinion on a subject, especially for a long timehold forth on The speaker was holding forth on the collapse of modern society.hold off phrasal verb1to delay doing something: Buyers have been holding off until the price falls.hold off (on) doing something Hold off making your decision until Monday.2hold somebody ↔ offa)to prevent someone who is trying to attack or defeat you from succeeding: Not even a gun could hold him off forever.b)to prevent someone from coming towards you or succeeding in speaking to you: There’s already a crowd of reporters outside – I’ll try to hold them off for a while.3if rain or bad weather holds off, it does not start, although it looked as if it would: The rain held off until after the game.hold on phrasal verb1spokena)to wait for a short time: Hold on, I’ll just get my coat.b)used when you have just noticed, heard, or remembered something interesting or wrong: Hold on a minute! Isn’t that your brother’s car over there?c)used to ask someone on the telephone to wait until the person they want to talk to is available: Can you hold on? I’ll try to find her.2to have your hands or arms tightly around something: Hold on tight!hold on to Hold on to my arm.3to continue doing something that is very difficult to do: San Francisco held on to win 4–2.hold on to phrasal verbto keep something rather than losing it, selling it, or giving it to someone else: The soldiers held on to the bridge for three more days. I think I’ll hold on to these old records for now.hold out phrasal verb1 hold out something to think or say that something is possible or likely to happen, especially something goodnot hold out much hope/hold out little hope Negotiators aren’t holding out much hope of a peaceful settlement.hold out the prospect/promise of something alternative methods which hold out the promise of improved health2if a supply of something holds out, there is still some left: Water supplies won’t hold out much longer.3to continue to successfully defend a place that is being attacked: The rebels held out for another night but then fresh forces arrived.4to try to prevent yourself from doing something that someone is trying to force you to dohold out against I didn’t know how much longer I could hold out against their relentless questioning.hold out for phrasal verbto not accept anything less than you have asked for: Transport workers are holding out for a 20% pay rise.hold out on phrasal verb informalto not tell someone about something important: She must have been holding out on him all these years.hold over phrasal verb1 formal to do or deal with something at a later time: The matter was held over for further review.GRAMMARHold over is usually passive in this meaning. →
holdover
2 hold something over somebody to use something bad that you know about someone to make them do what you want: He knows I’ve been in prison and is holding it over me.3be held over especially American English if a play, film, concert etc is held over, it is shown for longer than planned because it is very popularhold to phrasal verb1if you hold to a belief, principle, promise etc, you believe it or behave according to it: He admitted he did not hold to the traditional view of God.2 hold somebody to something to make someone do what they have promised: ‘I’ll ask him tomorrow.’ ‘OK, but I’m going to hold you to that.’3hold somebody to something British English to prevent your opponent in a sports game from getting more than a particular number of points: Norway held Holland to a 2–2 draw.hold together phrasal verb1if a group or an organization holds together, or if something holds it together, it stays strong and does not separate into different parts or groups: Against all expectations, the coalition held together well.hold something ↔ together In those days the church held the community together.2to remain whole and good enough to use, or to make something do this: Incredibly, the raft held together till we reached the opposite shore.hold something ↔ together I wondered how the structure was held together.hold up phrasal verb1 hold something ↔ up to support something and prevent it from falling down: The roof is held up by massive stone pillars.2 hold somebody/something ↔ up to delay someone or something: Sorry I’m late – I was held up at work.GRAMMARHold up is often passive in this meaning.3hold up something to rob or try to rob a place or person by using violence: Two armed men held up a downtown liquor store last night. →
hold-up
4to not become weaker: His physical condition has held up well.hold up as phrasal verbto use someone or something as a good example or as proof of something: The school is held up as a model for others. This incident will be held up as proof that tougher controls are needed.hold with phrasal verb not hold with something British English used to say that someone does not approve of something: He says he doesn’t hold with all this politically correct stuff.not hold with doing something I don’t hold with hitting children in any circumstances.
hold1 verb
hold2 noun
holdhold2 ●●●S2W3 noun
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Phrases
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1holding something [singular] the action of holding something with your handsSYN griphold on She released her tight hold on the dog. He tightened his hold, refusing to let her go. Make sure you keep hold of my hand when we cross the road. I took hold of her hand and gently led her away.Grab hold of the rope and pull yourself up.2get hold of something (also get a hold of something American English) to find or borrow something so that you can use it: I need to get hold of a car. She managed to get a hold of a copy.3get hold of somebody (also get a hold of somebody American English) to find and speak to someone about something: I must get hold of Vanessa to see if she can babysit.4control/power [singular] control, power, or influence over something or someoneget/keep a hold on/of something He struggled to get a hold of his emotions. I’ve always kept a tight hold on our finances. I realized that the woman had a hold over my father.5on holda)if something is on hold, it is going to be done or dealt with at a later date rather than now: The plans are on hold until after the election. Since having the kids, my career has been put on hold.b)if you are on hold, you are waiting to talk to someone on the telephone: We try not to keep people on hold for more than a couple of minutes. The agent put me on hold while she consulted a colleague.6take (a) hold to start to have a definite effect: The fever was beginning to take hold.7get hold of an idea/an impression/a story etc to learn or begin to believe something: Where on earth did you get hold of that idea?8fight [countable] a particular position that you hold an opponent in, in a fight or a sport such as wrestling9climbing [countable] somewhere you can put your hands or feet to help you climb something: The cliff was steep and it was difficult to find a hold.10ship [countable] the part of a ship below the deck1(1) where goods are stored11no holds barred when there are no rules or limits on what you are allowed to do: It seems there are no holds barred when it comes to making a profit.COLLOCATIONSadjectivesa tight/firm hold· Rose had a tight hold of her hand.verbstighten your hold· Maria winced as Luke tightened his hold on her fingers.loosen/relax your hold· Laughing, he loosened his hold until she could pull her arms free.release your hold (=stop holding something)· As soon as his fingers released their hold, Robyn turned and ran.phraseskeep hold of something (=hold something without letting go)· I had to run to keep hold of the leather strap.get/take hold of something (=start holding something)· Wallace took hold of Fred’s jacket and pulled him roughly backwards.catch/grab/seize etc hold of something (=start holding something quickly and firmly)· She grabbed hold of the letter and tore it open.have hold of something (=be holding something)· Nathan had hold of her hand again.