Question

last last ★★★★★/lɑ͟ːst, læ̱st/1[DET	限定词]（表示最近过去的）刚过去的星期五/昨晚/去年 You use last in expressions such as last Friday ,last night, and last year to refer, for example, to the most recent Friday, night, or year. I got married last July...我在刚过去的7月里结了婚。He never made it home at all last night...他昨晚根本没回家。Last month a shopkeeper's nephew was shot dead...上个月一名店主的侄子被枪杀了。It is not surprising they did so badly in last year's elections.他们在去年选举中如此糟糕的表现并不奇怪。2[ADJ	形容词]最近的；最近一次的 The last event, person, thing, or period of time is the most recent one.   [det ADJ]  [PRON to-inf]Much has changed since my last visit...从我上次去到现在，很多事情已经变了。At the last count inflation was 10.9 per cent...最近一次统计显示通胀率为10.9%。I split up with my last boyfriend three years ago...我3年前和前任男友分的手。The last few weeks have been hectic.过去几周一直忙得不可开交。Last is also a pronoun.The next tide, it was announced, would be even higher than the last.据报下一次潮水甚至会比上一次涨得更高。3[ADV	副词]上次；最近一次 If something last happened on a particular occasion, that is the most recent occasion on which it happened.   [ADV with v]When were you there last?...你上次去是什么时候？The house is a little more dilapidated than when I last saw it...那房子比我上次见到时更破旧了些。Hunting on the trust's 625,000 acres was last debated two years ago.有关在该托管机构管理的62.5万英亩土地上狩猎一事，最近一次辩论是两年前。4[ORD	序数词]最后的；最末的 The last thing, person, event, or period of time is the one that happens or comes after all the others of the same kind.   [the N of n]This is his last chance as prime minister.这是他作为首相的最后机会。...the last three pages of the chapter...该章最后3页She said it was the very last house on the road...她说就是路边最后那间屋子。They didn't come last in their league.他们没有在联赛中垫底。Last is also a pronoun.It wasn't  the first time that this particular difference had divided them and it wouldn't be the last...他们因此事产生分歧不是第一次，也不会是最后一次。The trickiest bits are the last on the list.最棘手的部分列在最后。5[ADV	副词]最后地；最末地 If you do something last, you do it after everyone else does, or after you do everything else.   [ADV after v]I testified last...我最后一个作证。I was always picked last for the football team at school...在学校里分队踢足球时，我总是最后被挑的那一个。The foreground, nearest the viewer, is painted last.距离观者最近的前景是最后才画的。6[PRON	代词]最后的人 If you are the last to do or know something, everyone else does or knows it before you.   [PRON to-inf]She was the last to go to bed...她最后一个上床。Riccardo and I are always the last to know what's going on.我和里卡尔多总是最后才知道发生什么事情。7[ADJ	形容词]最后剩下的；最末的 Last is used to refer to the only thing, person, or part of something that remains.   [det ADJ]Jed nodded, finishing off the last piece of pizza.杰德点点头，把最后一块比萨饼吃完。...the freeing of the last hostage.最后一名人质的获释Last is also a noun.He finished off the last of the wine...他喝完了最后一点酒。The last of the ten inmates gave themselves up after twenty eight hours on the roof of the prison.在监狱屋顶上坚持了28小时后，10名囚犯中的最后几个终于投降。8[ADJ	形容词]（竞赛中）最后留下的，排位在前的 You use last before numbers to refer to a position that someone has reached in a competition after other competitors have been knocked out.   [det ADJ]Sampras reached the last four at Wimbledon.桑普拉斯杀入了温布尔登四强。...the only woman among the authors making it through to the last six.进入最后6人名单的唯一一位女作家9[ADJ	形容词]最不想要的；最不可能的 You can use last to indicate that something is extremely undesirable or unlikely.   [det ADJ]  [emphasis]The last thing I wanted to do was teach...我最不想干的事情就是教书。He would be the last person who would do such a thing.他最不可能干这种事情。Last is also a pronoun.I would be the last to say that science has explained everything.我绝对不认为科学已经解释了所有事情。10[PRON	代词]最后一次；最末一次 The last you see of someone or the last you hear of them is the final time that you see them or talk to them.   [the PRON that]She disappeared shouting, 'To the river, to the river!' And that was the last we saw of her...她高喊着“往河里去，往河里去！”然后就消失了。那是我们最后一次看到她的情形。I had a feeling it would be the last I heard of him.我有一种感觉，这将是我最后一次听到他的消息。11[VERB	动词]持续，延续，维持（一段时间） If an event, situation, or problem lasts for a particular length of time, it continues to exist or happen for that length of time.   [V for n]  [V n]  [V]  [Also V adv]The marriage had lasted for less than two years...这段婚姻维持了不到两年。The games lasted only half the normal time...比赛只持续了通常时间的一半。Enjoy it because it won't last.尽情享受吧，因为这不会长久。12[VERB	动词]够用，保持可用状态（一段时间） If something lasts for a particular length of time, it continues to be able to be used for that time, for example because there is some of it left or because it is in good enough condition.   [V for n]  [V n]  [V adv]  [Also V]You only need a very small blob of glue, so one tube lasts for ages...每次只需一点点胶水而已，因此一管可以用很长时间。The repaired sail lasted less than 24 hours...修好的帆支撑了不到24小时。The implication is that this battery lasts twice as long as other batteries...言外之意是，这种电池的寿命是其他品牌电池的两倍。If you build more plastics into cars, the car lasts longer.如果汽车采用更多塑料元件，寿命会更长一些。13[VERB	动词]支持完；熬过；拖过 You can use last in expressions such as last the game ,last the course, and last the week, to indicate that someone manages to take part in an event or situation right to the end, especially when this is very difficult for them.   [V n]  [V P n (not pron)]  [V P]They wouldn't  have lasted the full game...他们本不可能撑完整场比赛的。I almost lasted the two weeks. I only had a couple of days to do.我几乎撑过了这两个星期。我只有几天时间去做。To last out means the same as to last.last out同lastIt'll be a miracle if the band lasts out the tour...如果乐队能撑完巡演，那将是个奇迹。A breakfast will be served to those who last out till dawn!坚持到天亮的能吃上早餐！14See also:lasting；  Usage Note :Note that you do not use after all if you want to talk about what happens at the end of a long period, instead you use at last, finally, in the end, lastly, or last of all. You use at last or finally when you have been waiting for or expecting something for a long time. At last usually comes at the end of a sentence. The storm that had threatened came at last. Finally usually comes at the beginning of a sentence or before a verb. After another search they finally located the house. You also use finally to talk about something that is the last in a series of things. He lived in Turkey, France, Norway, and finally Mexico. You use in the end when talking about something that happens after a long time or a long process. Perhaps the police got him in the end... In the end, Peter seemed quite happy. You use lastly to talk about the last of a series of people or things. I went through the bathroom, the bedroom, and lastly the sitting room. You use last of all to emphasize that there is nobody or nothing else after the person or thing you mention. Last of all came the cat. 注意，谈论很长一段时间之后最终发生的事，不用after all，而用at last，finally，in the end，lastly或last of all。表示经历了长久的等待或期待时，用at last或finally，at last通常置于句末，例如，The storm that had threatened came at last（酝酿已久的暴风雨终于来了）。finally则通常置于句首或动词之前：After another search they finally located the house（又搜寻了一番后，他们终于找到了那幢房子）。finally亦用于谈论一连串事情的最后一件：He lived in Turkey, France, Norway, and finally Mexico（他曾在土耳其、法国和挪威生活过，最后来到了墨西哥）。表示某事经历了较长的时间或过程后发生，则用 in the end, 例如，Perhaps the police got him in the end（也许警方最终抓到了他），In the end, Peter seemed quite happy（最后，彼得似乎很开心）。lastly用于谈论一连串人或事物的最后一个或一件：I went through the bathroom, the bedroom, and lastly the sitting room（浴室、卧室最后连客厅我都找遍了）。last of all 则用来强调在提到的人或事物之后再无他人或其他事物，例如，Last of all came the cat（最后出场的是猫）。15[PHRASE	短语]终于；最后；到底 If you say that something has happened at last or at long last you mean it has happened after you have been hoping for it for a long time.   [PHR with cl]I'm  so glad that we've found you at last!...我们终于找到你了，我真是太高兴了！Here, at long last, was the moment he had waited for...他等待已久的时刻终于到来。At last the train arrived in the station...火车终于到站了。'All right', he said at last. 'You may go.'“好吧”，他终于开口道，“你可以走了。”16[PHRASE	短语]前天晚上／ 上上次选举／上上任领导人 You use expressions such as the night before last ,the election before last and the leader before last to refer to the period of time, event, or person that came immediately before the most recent one in a series. It was the dog he'd heard the night before last...他前晚听到的是狗叫声。In the budget before last a tax penalty on the mobile phone was introduced.上上次的预算案中对移动电话引入了惩罚性税收。17[PHRASE	短语]气绝；断气；咽气 If someone breathes their last, they die.   [V inflects]  [LITERARY 文]18[PHRASE	短语]倒数第二／倒数第三／ 倒数第四 You can use phrases such as the last but one, the last but two, or the last but three, to refer to the thing or person that is, for example, one, two, or three before the final person or thing in a group or series.   [PHR n]It's the last but one day in the athletics programme...那是田径比赛结束的前一天。The British team finished last but one.英国队位列倒数第二。19[PHRASE	短语]所有；全部 You use every last to emphasize that you are talking about all the people or things in a group or all the parts of something.   [PHR n]  [emphasis]I'd spent all I had, every last penny...我把钱全部花光了，一分不剩。You'll never quite get rid of every last bit of grit...无法把所有的沙砾都清除干净。My tape recorder did not catch every last word.我的录音机并没有把每一个字都录下来。20[PHRASE	短语]（需要裁员时首先解雇新员工的）“后进先出”原则 The expression last in, first out is used to say that the last person who started work in an organization should be the first person to leave it, if fewer people are needed. Workers will go on a 'last in, first out' basis.对工人的裁员原则是“后进先出”。21[PHRASE	短语]我/她最近一次听到有关…的消息；最新消息 You can use expressions such as the last I heard and the last she heard to introduce a piece of information that is the most recent that you have on a particular subject.   [PHR with cl]The last I heard, Joe and Irene were still happily married.我最近一次听说时，乔和艾琳仍然是一对快乐的夫妻。22[PHRASE	短语]把…留到最后 If you leave something or someone until last, you delay using, choosing, or dealing with them until you have used, chosen, or dealt with all the others.   [V inflects]I have left my best wine until last...我把最好的酒留到了最后。I picked first all the people who usually were left till last.我先挑出了所有通常留到最后的人。23[PHRASE	短语]不再见到某人 If you see the last of someone, you do not expect to see them or deal with them again.   [V inflects]I honestly thought I'd seen the last of you.老实说我以为再也不用见到你了。24[PHRASE	短语]贯穿（全书、整部电影或整件事情） If you say that something goes on happening to the last, you mean that it happens throughout the whole of a book, film, or event.   [PHR after v]...a highly readable political thriller with plenty of twists of plot to keep you guessing to the last.一部可读性极强的政治惊悚小说，情节峰回路转，不到最后一刻绝对猜不中结局25[PHRASE	短语]一直，始终（为某一类人） If you say that someone is a particular kind of person to the last, you are emphasizing that they continue to be that kind of person.   [group PHR]  [emphasis]A gentleman to the last, he did not run, but merely attempted to stroll away...他始终保持绅士风度，没有拔脚就跑，只是试图移步走开。Armstrong was tall and handsome to the last.阿姆斯特朗从来都是这么高大、英俊。26[PHRASE	短语]（表示全部包括在内）任何一丝细节/ 每一个人 You use expressions such as to the last detail and to the last man to indicate that a plan, situation, or activity includes every single person, thing, or part involved.   [PHR after v]Every movement, no matter how casual and spontaneous, needs to be worked out to the last detail...对每一个动作，无论它显得多么随意和无意识，都不能放过一丝细节。Our troops are being used up to the last man.我们的部队已人尽其用。27  last breath→see: breath； to have the last laugh→see: laugh； last-minute→see: minute； someone's last stand→see: stand； the last straw→see: straw； last thing→see: thing； 相关词组：last out  last1 determiner, adjectivelast2 adverblast3 noun, pronounlast4 verblast5 nounlastlast1 /lɑːst $ læst/ ●●● S1 W1 determiner, adjective  Thesaurus Collocations Phrases 1most recent or nearest to the present time → next(12):  I hadn’t seen him since the last meeting.last night/week/year etc Did you see the game on TV last night? The law was passed last August. Interest in golf has grown rapidly in the last ten years. Things have changed since the last time (=the most recent occasion) you were here.2happening or existing at the end, with no others after  OPP  first:  I didn’t read the last chapter of the book. The next meeting will be held in the last week in June.the last person/thing etc to do something Anna was the last person to see him alive.last but one/two etc (=last except for one other, two others etc) on the last but one day of his trialsecond/next to last (=last except for one other) the second to last paragraph3remaining after all others have gone, been used etc:  Can I have the last piece of cake?every last (=used to emphasize that you mean all of something) All the money was gone; every last penny of it.4the last minute/moment the latest possible time before something happens:  Travelers will find it hard to get a hotel room at the last minute. He never makes a decision until almost the last moment.5the last person/thing used to make a strong negative statement about someone or something:  She’s the last person I’d expect to meet in a disco  (=I would not expect to meet her in a disco at all). Money was the last thing I cared about right now.the last thing somebody needs/wants The last thing she needed was for me to start crying too.6be the last straw to be the final thing in a series of annoying things that makes someone very angry:  He’d broken his promise again, and it was the last straw.7last thing (at night) at the very end of the day:  Take a couple of these pills last thing at night to help you sleep.8on your last legs informal a)very tired:  Sarah looks as if she’s on her last legs. b)very ill and likely to die soon9on its last legs informal old or in bad condition, and likely to stop working soon:  The car’s on its last legs.10be the last word in something to be the best, most modern, or most comfortable example of something:  It’s the last word in luxury holidays. → last resortat resort1(2), → with your last/dying breathat breath(9), → last hurrah, → have the last laughat laugh2(6), → the last/final wordat word1(15)THESAURUSthe one before this onelast most recent or nearest to the present time: · His last film was much better.· It rained all day last Saturday.· The last time I saw her was two years ago.previous [only before noun] before this one, or before the one that you are talking about: · See the diagram in the previous chapter.· His previous records had all been jazz records.· How much were you earning in your previous job?former [only before noun] formal existing or having a particular position in the past, but not now: · the former Soviet Union· the former US president· Interest rates are unlikely to return to their former level.· the former Chief Executiveold [only before noun] used about a person or thing that existed in the past, but has been replaced by a newer one: · an old boyfriend· The old model was much slower.the one that comes at the endlast [only before noun] happening or existing at the end, with no others after: · What time does the last train leave?· Our house is the last one on the right.final [only before noun] last in a series of actions, events, parts of a story etc: · It’s the final game of the championship tomorrow.· the final scene of the filmclosing [only before noun] used about the last part of a long period of time, or of an event, book etc that has been exciting or interesting: · the closing years of the twentieth century· Barnes scored the winning goal in the closing minutes of the game.concluding [only before noun] used about the last part of a piece of writing, a speech, or an organized event, that ends it in a definite way: · the concluding section of the report· the judge’s concluding remarkspenultimate /peˈnʌltəmət, pə-/ [only before noun] the one before the last one: · the penultimate chapterlast1 determiner, adjectivelast2 adverblast3 noun, pronounlast4 verblast5 nounlastlast2 ●●● S1 W1 adverb  Examples Thesaurus Collocations Phrases 1most recently before now → next:  When I last saw her, she was working in New York.GRAMMARChoosing the right tenseLast is used with the simple past: · I last saw her in 2008. ✗Don’t say:  I have last seen her in 2008.Word order• Last usually comes before a main verb: · I last went to London in June.• Last comes after ‘be’ when it is the main verb: · I was last in London in June.• Last comes after the first auxiliary: · When did you last hear from Tara?2after everything or everyone else  OPP  first:  Who is speaking last? Add the flour last.last of all (=used when giving a final point or piece of information) Last of all, I’d like to thank everyone for coming.3last but not least used when mentioning the last person or thing in a list, to emphasize that they are still important:  Last but not least, let me introduce Jane, our new secretary.last1 determiner, adjectivelast2 adverblast3 noun, pronounlast4 verblast5 nounlastlast3 ●●● S1 W1 noun, pronoun  Examples Thesaurus Collocations Phrases 1the last the person or thing that comes after all the others  OPP  first:  I think this box is the last.the last to do something He was the first to arrive and the last to leave.2at (long) last if something happens at last, it happens after you have been hoping, waiting, or working for it a long time:  At last it was time to leave. We reached the summit at last.3the day/week/year etc before last the day, week etc before the one that has just finished:  I sent the letter off the week before last.4the last of something the remaining parts of something:  John ate the last of the bread at lunchtime.5somebody hasn’t heard the last of somebody/something if you have not heard the last of someone or something, they may return and cause problems for you in the future:  We haven’t heard the last of football violence.6somebody will never hear the last of something if you will never hear the last of something, someone will be angry with you about it for a long time:  If my mother sees me, I’ll never hear the last of this.7the last I heard spoken used to tell someone the most recent news that you know about a person or situation:  The last I heard, she was at college studying law.8to the last formal until the end of an event or the end of someone’s life:  He died in 1987, insisting to the last he was innocent.last1 determiner, adjectivelast2 adverblast3 noun, pronounlast4 verblast5 nounlastlast4 ●●● S1 W2 verb  Word Origin Verb Table Examples Thesaurus Collocations Phrases 1[intransitive always + adverb/preposition, transitive] to continue for a particular length of timelast for/until/through etc The hot weather lasted for the whole month of June.last an hour/ten minutes etc Each lesson lasts an hour. The ceasefire didn’t last long.► see thesaurus at continue2[intransitive, transitive] to continue to exist, be effective, or remain in good condition for a long time:  This good weather won’t last.last (somebody) two days/three weeks etc A good coat will last you ten years. Cut flowers will last longer if you put flower food in the water.3[intransitive always + adverb/preposition] (also last out (something) British English) to manage to remain in the same situation, even when this is difficult:  They won’t be able to last much longer without fresh supplies. If you go into the job with that attitude, you won’t last long. She feared she might not be able to last out the afternoon in court without fainting.4[intransitive, transitive always + adverb/preposition] to be enough for someone for a period of time  SYN  dolast (somebody) for/until/to etc The batteries should last for 20 hours playing time. We only had $50 to last us the rest of the month.last1 determiner, adjectivelast2 adverblast3 noun, pronounlast4 verblast5 nounlastlast5 noun [countable]  Word Origin Examples Thesaurus Collocations Phrases  a piece of wood or metal shaped like a human foot, used by someone who makes and repairs shoes

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jEPoK/1xFvkT+4I2iOf8ER2fEP+ZTbUyPO8hRALdjVMChAeSZLj/xJBCo6/a1i3ivLdxGrgHJ71ARej8ARs2Rb/aeXYgKxpOdbZj0NF6m3lDevumHn0UH0iTlP+2Ke6113S2CB6MMjFKBIQUz7QKiMHJCLPmOp5ETKibgjG+cR6+jAUyheGlAatqau5Nyx/NvdgTwGMP/HS7jSJVFswOew==             last      2              /        lɑːst                ;          NAmE                læst                /                              noun                            a block of wood or metal shaped like a foot, used in making and repairing shoes        鞋楦                    ☞see also                                    last                          1                    last      lasts      lasted      lasting                  last              /        lɑːst                ;          NAmE                læst                /                        last      1              ★                    /        lɑːst                ;          NAmE                læst                /                              determiner                ,                  adverb                ,                  noun                ,                  verb                                    ☞see also                                            last                                2                            last      lasts      lasted      lasting                            determiner        ★                    1      ★              happening or coming after all other similar things or people          最后的；最末的；末尾的                            ◆        We caught the last bus home.        我们赶上了回家的末班公共汽车。                    ◆        It's the last house on the left.        是左边尽头那栋房子。                    ◆        She was last to arrive.        她是最后到的。                    2      ★              [only before noun        ]                    most recent          最近的；上一个的                            ◆        last night/Tuesday/month/summer/year        昨晚；上个星期二╱月；刚过去的夏季；去年                    ◆        her last book        她最近出版的书                    ◆        This last point is crucial.        刚讲的这一点是关键的。                    ◆        The          last timeI saw him was in May.                我上次见到他是在五月份。                    3      ★              [only before noun        ]                    only remaining          仅剩下的；最终的                            SYN                                            final                                                  ◆        This is our last bottle of water.        这是我们最后的一瓶水了。                    ◆        He knew this was his last hope of winning.        他知道这是他取胜的最后希望。                    4              used to emphasize that sb/sth is the least likely or suitable          （强调）最不可能的，最不适当的                            ◆                  The last thing she neededwas more work.                她最不需要的就是更多的工作。                    ◆        He's the          last personI'd trust with a secret.                我要是有什么秘密，告诉谁也不能告诉他。                    IDIOMS              be on your/its last ˈlegs                              to be going to die or stop functioning very soon; to be very weak or in bad condition              濒临死亡；奄奄一息；行将就木；快不能用了                                                  the day, week, month, etc. before ˈlast                              the day, week, etc. just before the most recent one; two days, weeks, etc. ago              前天；上上星期；上上月；两天（或两周等）以前                                            ◆            I haven't seen him since the summer before last.            我已有两个夏天没见过他了。                                      every last…                              every person or thing in a group              （某群体中的）每一个，全部                                            ◆            We spent every last penny we had on the house.            我们把所有的钱都花在房子上了。                                      have the last ˈlaugh                              to be successful when you were not expected to be, making your opponents look stupid              （在本未指望时）笑在最后，取得最后胜利                                                  in the last reˈsort                              when there are no other possible courses of action              作为最后的一招                                            SYN                                          at a pinch                                                          ◆            In the last resort we can always walk home.            顶多我们走回家就是了。                                      your/the last ˈgasp                              the point at which you/sth can no longer continue living, fighting, existing, etc.              奄奄一息；苟延残喘；临终；垂死                                            ☞see also                                                            last-gasp                                                                                the ˌlast ˈminute/ˈmoment                              the latest possible time before an important event              （重大事情前的）最后一刻，紧要关头                                            ◆            They changed the plans at the last minute.            事到临头他们却改变了计划。                                ◆            Don't leave your decision to the last moment.            别等到最后一刻才来做决定。                                      a/your last reˈsort                              the person or thing you rely on when everything else has failed              最后可依赖的人（或事物）                                            ◆            I've tried everyone else and now you're my last resort.            其他人我都试过了，现在就靠你了。                                      the ˌlast ˈword (in sth)                              the most recent, fashionable, advanced, etc. thing              最新（或时髦、先进等）的事物                                            ◆            These apartments are the last word in luxury.            这些寓所最为豪华。                                      ☞more at                                    analysis                              ,                                    breath                              ,                                    famous                              ,                                    long                                   adj.            ,                                    man                                   n.            ,                                    straw                              ,                                    thing                              ,                                    week                              ,                                    word                                   n.                                  adverb        ★                    1      ★              after anyone or anything else; at the end          最后；最终；终结                            ◆        He came last in the race.        这次赛跑他得了最后一名。                    ◆        They arrived last of all.        他们来得比谁都晚。                    2      ★              most recently          最新；最近；上一次                            ◆        When did you see him last?        你最近什么时候见过他？                    ◆        I saw him last/I last saw him in New York two years ago.        我上一次是两年前在纽约见到他的。                    ◆        They last won the cup in 2006.        他们上一次获得奖杯是在 2006 年。                    IDIOMS              ˌlast but not ˈleast                              used when mentioning the last person or thing of a group, in order to say that they are not less important than the others              （提及最后的人或事物时说）最后但同样重要的                                            ◆            Last but not least, I'd like to thank all the catering staff.            最后但同样重要的是，我要感谢所有的餐饮工作人员。                                      ˌlast ˈin, ˌfirst ˈout                              used, for example in a situation when people are losing their jobs, to say that the last people to be employed will be the first to go              （形容裁员等情况）最后雇用的人最先被解雇，后来者先走                                                  ☞more at                                    first                                   adv.            ,                                    laugh                                   v.                                  noun        ★                            the last          (              plural        the last            )              1      ★              the person or thing that comes or happens after all other similar people or things          最后来的人（或发生的事）                            ◆        Sorry I'm late—am I the last?        对不起，我来晚了。我是最后到的人吗？                    ◆        They were the last to arrive.        他们是最后到达的人。                    2      ★              lastof sth                    the only remaining part or items of sth          仅剩下的部份（或事项）                            ◆        These are the last of our apples.        这是我们最后剩下的几个苹果。                    IDIOMS              at (long) ˈlast                              after much delay, effort, etc; in the end              （经过长时间的延误或努力等之后）终于，最终                                            SYN                                                            finally                                                                          ◆            At last we're home!            我们终于到家了！                                ◆            At long last the cheque arrived.            支票终于到了。                                ☞note at                                                            lastly                                                                                hear/see the ˈlast of sb/sth                              to hear/see sb/sth for the last time              最后一次听见（或看见）                                            ◆            That was the last I ever saw of her.            那是我最后一次见到她。                                ◆            Unfortunately, I don't think we've heard the last of this affair.            遗憾的是，我认为这件事还没有了结。                                      the last I ˈheard                              used to give the most recent news you have about sb/sth              （提供最新消息时说）我最近听到的消息                                            ◆            The last I heard he was still working at the garage.            我最近听到的消息是他还在汽车修理厂工作。                                      next/second to ˈlast                  (                      BrE also                    ˌlast but ˈone          )                                      the one before the last one              倒数第二                                            ◆            She finished second to last.            她得了倒数第二。                                      to/till the ˈlast                              until the last possible moment, especially until death              直到最后一刻；（尤指）直至死亡                                            ◆            He died protesting his innocence to the last.            他至死都坚决辩称自己无罪。                                      ☞more at                                    breathe                              ,                                    first                                   n.                                  verb        ★                                  1      ★              [intransitive        ]                    (          not used in the progressive tenses            不用于进行时          )                to continue for a particular period of time          持续；继续；延续                            ◆        The meeting only lasted (for) a few minutes.        会议只开了几分钟。                    ◆        Each game lasts about an hour.        每场比赛约一小时。                    ◆        How long does the play last?        那出戏要演多长时间？                    2      ★              [intransitive            ,       transitive        ]                    to continue to exist or to function well          继续存在；持续起作用；持久                            ◆        This weather won't last.        这种天气持续不了多久。                    ◆        He's making a big effort now, and I hope it lasts.        现在他正加紧努力，我希望他能坚持下去。                    lastsb                    ◆        These shoes should last you till next year.        你这双鞋应该能穿到明年。                    3      ★              [intransitive            ,       transitive        ]                    to survive sth or manage to stay in the same situation, despite difficulties          （在困境等中）坚持下去；超逾（困境等）                            ◆        She won't last long in that job.        她那份工作干不了多久。                    last(out)                    ◆        Can you last (out) until I can get help?        你能支撑到有人来帮我吗？                    last(out) sth                    ◆        Doctors say that she probably won't last out the night          (= she will probably die before the morning).                医生都说她很可能活不过今晚。                    ◆        He was injured early on and didn't last the match.        他开赛后不久就受了伤，没法坚持到底。                    4      ★              [intransitive            ,       transitive        ]                    to be enough for sb to use, especially for a particular period of time          够用，足够维持（尤指某段时间）                            last(out)                    ◆        Will the coffee last out till next week?        咖啡够喝到下周吗？                    lastsb (out)                    ◆        We've got enough food to last us (for) three days.        我们的食物足够维持三天。                        WHICH WORD? 词语辨析                                      last / take                                    Lastand              takeare both used to talk about the length of time that something continues.                              *last 和 take 均表示某事持续的时间。                                                          ■                          Lastis used to talk about the length of time that an event continues.                              *last 表示某事持续的时间：                                                    ◆              How long do you think this storm will last?              你看这暴风雨会持续多久？                                                  ◆              The movie lasted over two hours.              这部电影长两个多小时。                                      Lastdoes not always need an expression of time.                              *last 并非总需要与表示时间的词语连用：                                                    ◆              His annoyance won’t last.              他的烦恼不会持续多久。                                      Lastis also used to say that you have enough of something.                              *last 亦可表示够用、足够维持：                                                    ◆              We don’t have enough money to last until next month.              我们的钱不足以维持到下个月。                                            ■                          Takeis used to talk about the amount of time you need in order to go somewhere or do something. It must be used with an expression of time.                              *take 表示到某地或做某事需要的时间，必须与表示时间的词语连用：                                                    ◆              It takes (me) at least an hour to get home from work.              （我）下班回家至少得花一个小时。                                                  ◆              How long will the flight take?              此次航班将飞行多长时间？                                                  ◆              The water took ages to boil.              等上好半天水才开了。                                                      last              /        lɑːst                ;          NAmE                læst                /             last[lɑ:st]lasted, lasting, lastsCET4CET6TEM4考研m13031465275972484105742311216120686v16832294239704683639648393054n252085438710896151101r3628898453356401584621606j48121391025184NUM1527935865VERB1537950641ADV774987086NOUN1746917484ADJ352732922Spoken:126658694lasted[6061] lasting[2715] lasts[4742]最后(44%)，持续(33%)，维持(9%)，最后的(8%)，最近的(2%)，最近一次(2%)，末尾的(1%)，上一个的(1%)n.末尾，最后；上个；鞋楦（做鞋的模型）adj.最后的；最近的，最新的；仅剩的；最不可能…的vi.持续；维持，够用；持久vt.度过，拖过；使维持adv.最后地；上次，最近；最后一点n.(Last)人名；(英、德、葡、罗、瑞典)拉斯特

word	last
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Collins	last ★★★★★ /lɑ͟ːst, læ̱st/ 1 [DET 限定词]（表示最近过去的）刚过去的星期五/昨晚/去年 You use last in expressions such as last Friday ,last night, and last year to refer, for example, to the most recent Friday, night, or year. I got married last July... 我在刚过去的7月里结了婚。 He never made it home at all last night... 他昨晚根本没回家。 Last month a shopkeeper's nephew was shot dead... 上个月一名店主的侄子被枪杀了。 It is not surprising they did so badly in last year's elections. 他们在去年选举中如此糟糕的表现并不奇怪。 2 [ADJ 形容词]最近的；最近一次的 The last event, person, thing, or period of time is the most recent one. [det ADJ] [PRON to-inf] Much has changed since my last visit... 从我上次去到现在，很多事情已经变了。 At the last count inflation was 10.9 per cent... 最近一次统计显示通胀率为10.9%。 I split up with my last boyfriend three years ago... 我3年前和前任男友分的手。 The last few weeks have been hectic. 过去几周一直忙得不可开交。 Last is also a pronoun. The next tide, it was announced, would be even higher than the last. 据报下一次潮水甚至会比上一次涨得更高。 3 [ADV 副词]上次；最近一次 If something last happened on a particular occasion, that is the most recent occasion on which it happened. [ADV with v] When were you there last?... 你上次去是什么时候？ The house is a little more dilapidated than when I last saw it... 那房子比我上次见到时更破旧了些。 Hunting on the trust's 625,000 acres was last debated two years ago. 有关在该托管机构管理的62.5万英亩土地上狩猎一事，最近一次辩论是两年前。 4 [ORD 序数词]最后的；最末的 The last thing, person, event, or period of time is the one that happens or comes after all the others of the same kind. [the N of n] This is his last chance as prime minister. 这是他作为首相的最后机会。 ...the last three pages of the chapter... 该章最后3页 She said it was the very last house on the road... 她说就是路边最后那间屋子。 They didn't come last in their league. 他们没有在联赛中垫底。 Last is also a pronoun. It wasn't the first time that this particular difference had divided them and it wouldn't be the last... 他们因此事产生分歧不是第一次，也不会是最后一次。 The trickiest bits are the last on the list. 最棘手的部分列在最后。 5 [ADV 副词]最后地；最末地 If you do something last, you do it after everyone else does, or after you do everything else. [ADV after v] I testified last... 我最后一个作证。 I was always picked last for the football team at school... 在学校里分队踢足球时，我总是最后被挑的那一个。 The foreground, nearest the viewer, is painted last. 距离观者最近的前景是最后才画的。 6 [PRON 代词]最后的人 If you are the last to do or know something, everyone else does or knows it before you. [PRON to-inf] She was the last to go to bed... 她最后一个上床。 Riccardo and I are always the last to know what's going on. 我和里卡尔多总是最后才知道发生什么事情。 7 [ADJ 形容词]最后剩下的；最末的 Last is used to refer to the only thing, person, or part of something that remains. [det ADJ] Jed nodded, finishing off the last piece of pizza. 杰德点点头，把最后一块比萨饼吃完。 ...the freeing of the last hostage. 最后一名人质的获释 Last is also a noun. He finished off the last of the wine... 他喝完了最后一点酒。 The last of the ten inmates gave themselves up after twenty eight hours on the roof of the prison. 在监狱屋顶上坚持了28小时后，10名囚犯中的最后几个终于投降。 8 [ADJ 形容词]（竞赛中）最后留下的，排位在前的 You use last before numbers to refer to a position that someone has reached in a competition after other competitors have been knocked out. [det ADJ] Sampras reached the last four at Wimbledon. 桑普拉斯杀入了温布尔登四强。 ...the only woman among the authors making it through to the last six. 进入最后6人名单的唯一一位女作家 9 [ADJ 形容词]最不想要的；最不可能的 You can use last to indicate that something is extremely undesirable or unlikely. [det ADJ] [emphasis] The last thing I wanted to do was teach... 我最不想干的事情就是教书。 He would be the last person who would do such a thing. 他最不可能干这种事情。 Last is also a pronoun. I would be the last to say that science has explained everything. 我绝对不认为科学已经解释了所有事情。 10 [PRON 代词]最后一次；最末一次 The last you see of someone or the last you hear of them is the final time that you see them or talk to them. [the PRON that] She disappeared shouting, 'To the river, to the river!' And that was the last we saw of her... 她高喊着“往河里去，往河里去！”然后就消失了。那是我们最后一次看到她的情形。 I had a feeling it would be the last I heard of him. 我有一种感觉，这将是我最后一次听到他的消息。 11 [VERB 动词]持续，延续，维持（一段时间） If an event, situation, or problem lasts for a particular length of time, it continues to exist or happen for that length of time. [V for n] [V n] [V] [Also V adv] The marriage had lasted for less than two years... 这段婚姻维持了不到两年。 The games lasted only half the normal time... 比赛只持续了通常时间的一半。 Enjoy it because it won't last. 尽情享受吧，因为这不会长久。 12 [VERB 动词]够用，保持可用状态（一段时间） If something lasts for a particular length of time, it continues to be able to be used for that time, for example because there is some of it left or because it is in good enough condition. [V for n] [V n] [V adv] [Also V] You only need a very small blob of glue, so one tube lasts for ages... 每次只需一点点胶水而已，因此一管可以用很长时间。 The repaired sail lasted less than 24 hours... 修好的帆支撑了不到24小时。 The implication is that this battery lasts twice as long as other batteries... 言外之意是，这种电池的寿命是其他品牌电池的两倍。 If you build more plastics into cars, the car lasts longer. 如果汽车采用更多塑料元件，寿命会更长一些。 13 [VERB 动词]支持完；熬过；拖过 You can use last in expressions such as last the game ,last the course, and last the week, to indicate that someone manages to take part in an event or situation right to the end, especially when this is very difficult for them. [V n] [V P n (not pron)] [V P] They wouldn't have lasted the full game... 他们本不可能撑完整场比赛的。 I almost lasted the two weeks. I only had a couple of days to do. 我几乎撑过了这两个星期。我只有几天时间去做。 To last out means the same as to last.last out同last It'll be a miracle if the band lasts out the tour... 如果乐队能撑完巡演，那将是个奇迹。 A breakfast will be served to those who last out till dawn! 坚持到天亮的能吃上早餐！ 14 See also:lasting ； Usage Note : Note that you do not use after all if you want to talk about what happens at the end of a long period, instead you use at last, finally, in the end, lastly, or last of all. You use at last or finally when you have been waiting for or expecting something for a long time. At last usually comes at the end of a sentence. The storm that had threatened came at last. Finally usually comes at the beginning of a sentence or before a verb. After another search they finally located the house. You also use finally to talk about something that is the last in a series of things. He lived in Turkey, France, Norway, and finally Mexico. You use in the end when talking about something that happens after a long time or a long process. Perhaps the police got him in the end... In the end, Peter seemed quite happy. You use lastly to talk about the last of a series of people or things. I went through the bathroom, the bedroom, and lastly the sitting room. You use last of all to emphasize that there is nobody or nothing else after the person or thing you mention. Last of all came the cat. 注意，谈论很长一段时间之后最终发生的事，不用after all，而用at last，finally，in the end，lastly或last of all。表示经历了长久的等待或期待时，用at last或finally，at last通常置于句末，例如，The storm that had threatened came at last（酝酿已久的暴风雨终于来了）。finally则通常置于句首或动词之前：After another search they finally located the house（又搜寻了一番后，他们终于找到了那幢房子）。finally亦用于谈论一连串事情的最后一件：He lived in Turkey, France, Norway, and finally Mexico（他曾在土耳其、法国和挪威生活过，最后来到了墨西哥）。表示某事经历了较长的时间或过程后发生，则用 in the end, 例如，Perhaps the police got him in the end（也许警方最终抓到了他），In the end, Peter seemed quite happy（最后，彼得似乎很开心）。lastly用于谈论一连串人或事物的最后一个或一件：I went through the bathroom, the bedroom, and lastly the sitting room（浴室、卧室最后连客厅我都找遍了）。last of all 则用来强调在提到的人或事物之后再无他人或其他事物，例如，Last of all came the cat（最后出场的是猫）。 15 [PHRASE 短语]终于；最后；到底 If you say that something has happened at last or at long last you mean it has happened after you have been hoping for it for a long time. [PHR with cl] I'm so glad that we've found you at last!... 我们终于找到你了，我真是太高兴了！ Here, at long last, was the moment he had waited for... 他等待已久的时刻终于到来。 At last the train arrived in the station... 火车终于到站了。 'All right', he said at last. 'You may go.' “好吧”，他终于开口道，“你可以走了。” 16 [PHRASE 短语]前天晚上／上上次选举／上上任领导人 You use expressions such as the night before last ,the election before last and the leader before last to refer to the period of time, event, or person that came immediately before the most recent one in a series. It was the dog he'd heard the night before last... 他前晚听到的是狗叫声。 In the budget before last a tax penalty on the mobile phone was introduced. 上上次的预算案中对移动电话引入了惩罚性税收。 17 [PHRASE 短语]气绝；断气；咽气 If someone breathes their last, they die. [V inflects] [LITERARY 文] 18 [PHRASE 短语]倒数第二／倒数第三／倒数第四 You can use phrases such as the last but one, the last but two, or the last but three, to refer to the thing or person that is, for example, one, two, or three before the final person or thing in a group or series. [PHR n] It's the last but one day in the athletics programme... 那是田径比赛结束的前一天。 The British team finished last but one. 英国队位列倒数第二。 19 [PHRASE 短语]所有；全部 You use every last to emphasize that you are talking about all the people or things in a group or all the parts of something. [PHR n] [emphasis] I'd spent all I had, every last penny... 我把钱全部花光了，一分不剩。 You'll never quite get rid of every last bit of grit... 无法把所有的沙砾都清除干净。 My tape recorder did not catch every last word. 我的录音机并没有把每一个字都录下来。 20 [PHRASE 短语]（需要裁员时首先解雇新员工的）“后进先出”原则 The expression last in, first out is used to say that the last person who started work in an organization should be the first person to leave it, if fewer people are needed. Workers will go on a 'last in, first out' basis. 对工人的裁员原则是“后进先出”。 21 [PHRASE 短语]我/她最近一次听到有关…的消息；最新消息 You can use expressions such as the last I heard and the last she heard to introduce a piece of information that is the most recent that you have on a particular subject. [PHR with cl] The last I heard, Joe and Irene were still happily married. 我最近一次听说时，乔和艾琳仍然是一对快乐的夫妻。 22 [PHRASE 短语]把…留到最后 If you leave something or someone until last, you delay using, choosing, or dealing with them until you have used, chosen, or dealt with all the others. [V inflects] I have left my best wine until last... 我把最好的酒留到了最后。 I picked first all the people who usually were left till last. 我先挑出了所有通常留到最后的人。 23 [PHRASE 短语]不再见到某人 If you see the last of someone, you do not expect to see them or deal with them again. [V inflects] I honestly thought I'd seen the last of you. 老实说我以为再也不用见到你了。 24 [PHRASE 短语]贯穿（全书、整部电影或整件事情） If you say that something goes on happening to the last, you mean that it happens throughout the whole of a book, film, or event. [PHR after v] ...a highly readable political thriller with plenty of twists of plot to keep you guessing to the last. 一部可读性极强的政治惊悚小说，情节峰回路转，不到最后一刻绝对猜不中结局 25 [PHRASE 短语]一直，始终（为某一类人） If you say that someone is a particular kind of person to the last, you are emphasizing that they continue to be that kind of person. [group PHR] [emphasis] A gentleman to the last, he did not run, but merely attempted to stroll away... 他始终保持绅士风度，没有拔脚就跑，只是试图移步走开。 Armstrong was tall and handsome to the last. 阿姆斯特朗从来都是这么高大、英俊。 26 [PHRASE 短语]（表示全部包括在内）任何一丝细节/ 每一个人 You use expressions such as to the last detail and to the last man to indicate that a plan, situation, or activity includes every single person, thing, or part involved. [PHR after v] Every movement, no matter how casual and spontaneous, needs to be worked out to the last detail... 对每一个动作，无论它显得多么随意和无意识，都不能放过一丝细节。 Our troops are being used up to the last man. 我们的部队已人尽其用。 27 last breath→see: breath ； to have the last laugh→see: laugh ； last-minute→see: minute ； someone's last stand→see: stand ； the last straw→see: straw ； last thing→see: thing ；相关词组： last out
Oxford	last 2 / lɑːst ; NAmE læst / noun a block of wood or metal shaped like a foot, used in making and repairing shoes 鞋楦 ☞see also last 1 last lasts lasted lasting last / lɑːst ; NAmE læst / last 1 ★ / lɑːst ; NAmE læst / determiner , adverb , noun , verb ☞see also last 2 last lasts lasted lasting determiner ★ 1 ★ happening or coming after all other similar things or people 最后的；最末的；末尾的 ◆ We caught the last bus home. 我们赶上了回家的末班公共汽车。 ◆ It's the last house on the left. 是左边尽头那栋房子。 ◆ She was last to arrive. 她是最后到的。 2 ★ [only before noun ] most recent 最近的；上一个的 ◆ last night/Tuesday/month/summer/year 昨晚；上个星期二╱月；刚过去的夏季；去年 ◆ her last book 她最近出版的书 ◆ This last point is crucial. 刚讲的这一点是关键的。 ◆ The last timeI saw him was in May. 我上次见到他是在五月份。 3 ★ [only before noun ] only remaining 仅剩下的；最终的 SYN final ◆ This is our last bottle of water. 这是我们最后的一瓶水了。 ◆ He knew this was his last hope of winning. 他知道这是他取胜的最后希望。 4 used to emphasize that sb/sth is the least likely or suitable （强调）最不可能的，最不适当的 ◆ The last thing she neededwas more work. 她最不需要的就是更多的工作。 ◆ He's the last personI'd trust with a secret. 我要是有什么秘密，告诉谁也不能告诉他。 IDIOMS be on your/its last ˈlegs to be going to die or stop functioning very soon; to be very weak or in bad condition 濒临死亡；奄奄一息；行将就木；快不能用了 the day, week, month, etc. before ˈlast the day, week, etc. just before the most recent one; two days, weeks, etc. ago 前天；上上星期；上上月；两天（或两周等）以前 ◆ I haven't seen him since the summer before last. 我已有两个夏天没见过他了。 every last… every person or thing in a group （某群体中的）每一个，全部 ◆ We spent every last penny we had on the house. 我们把所有的钱都花在房子上了。 have the last ˈlaugh to be successful when you were not expected to be, making your opponents look stupid （在本未指望时）笑在最后，取得最后胜利 in the last reˈsort when there are no other possible courses of action 作为最后的一招 SYN at a pinch ◆ In the last resort we can always walk home. 顶多我们走回家就是了。 your/the last ˈgasp the point at which you/sth can no longer continue living, fighting, existing, etc. 奄奄一息；苟延残喘；临终；垂死 ☞see also last-gasp the ˌlast ˈminute/ˈmoment the latest possible time before an important event （重大事情前的）最后一刻，紧要关头 ◆ They changed the plans at the last minute. 事到临头他们却改变了计划。 ◆ Don't leave your decision to the last moment. 别等到最后一刻才来做决定。 a/your last reˈsort the person or thing you rely on when everything else has failed 最后可依赖的人（或事物） ◆ I've tried everyone else and now you're my last resort. 其他人我都试过了，现在就靠你了。 the ˌlast ˈword (in sth) the most recent, fashionable, advanced, etc. thing 最新（或时髦、先进等）的事物 ◆ These apartments are the last word in luxury. 这些寓所最为豪华。 ☞more at analysis , breath , famous , long adj. , man n. , straw , thing , week , word n. adverb ★ 1 ★ after anyone or anything else; at the end 最后；最终；终结 ◆ He came last in the race. 这次赛跑他得了最后一名。 ◆ They arrived last of all. 他们来得比谁都晚。 2 ★ most recently 最新；最近；上一次 ◆ When did you see him last? 你最近什么时候见过他？ ◆ I saw him last/I last saw him in New York two years ago. 我上一次是两年前在纽约见到他的。 ◆ They last won the cup in 2006. 他们上一次获得奖杯是在 2006 年。 IDIOMS ˌlast but not ˈleast used when mentioning the last person or thing of a group, in order to say that they are not less important than the others （提及最后的人或事物时说）最后但同样重要的 ◆ Last but not least, I'd like to thank all the catering staff. 最后但同样重要的是，我要感谢所有的餐饮工作人员。 ˌlast ˈin, ˌfirst ˈout used, for example in a situation when people are losing their jobs, to say that the last people to be employed will be the first to go （形容裁员等情况）最后雇用的人最先被解雇，后来者先走 ☞more at first adv. , laugh v. noun ★ the last ( plural the last ) 1 ★ the person or thing that comes or happens after all other similar people or things 最后来的人（或发生的事） ◆ Sorry I'm late—am I the last? 对不起，我来晚了。我是最后到的人吗？ ◆ They were the last to arrive. 他们是最后到达的人。 2 ★ lastof sth the only remaining part or items of sth 仅剩下的部份（或事项） ◆ These are the last of our apples. 这是我们最后剩下的几个苹果。 IDIOMS at (long) ˈlast after much delay, effort, etc; in the end （经过长时间的延误或努力等之后）终于，最终 SYN finally ◆ At last we're home! 我们终于到家了！ ◆ At long last the cheque arrived. 支票终于到了。 ☞note at lastly hear/see the ˈlast of sb/sth to hear/see sb/sth for the last time 最后一次听见（或看见） ◆ That was the last I ever saw of her. 那是我最后一次见到她。 ◆ Unfortunately, I don't think we've heard the last of this affair. 遗憾的是，我认为这件事还没有了结。 the last I ˈheard used to give the most recent news you have about sb/sth （提供最新消息时说）我最近听到的消息 ◆ The last I heard he was still working at the garage. 我最近听到的消息是他还在汽车修理厂工作。 next/second to ˈlast ( BrE also ˌlast but ˈone ) the one before the last one 倒数第二 ◆ She finished second to last. 她得了倒数第二。 to/till the ˈlast until the last possible moment, especially until death 直到最后一刻；（尤指）直至死亡 ◆ He died protesting his innocence to the last. 他至死都坚决辩称自己无罪。 ☞more at breathe , first n. verb ★ 1 ★ [intransitive ] ( not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时 ) to continue for a particular period of time 持续；继续；延续 ◆ The meeting only lasted (for) a few minutes. 会议只开了几分钟。 ◆ Each game lasts about an hour. 每场比赛约一小时。 ◆ How long does the play last? 那出戏要演多长时间？ 2 ★ [intransitive , transitive ] to continue to exist or to function well 继续存在；持续起作用；持久 ◆ This weather won't last. 这种天气持续不了多久。 ◆ He's making a big effort now, and I hope it lasts. 现在他正加紧努力，我希望他能坚持下去。 lastsb ◆ These shoes should last you till next year. 你这双鞋应该能穿到明年。 3 ★ [intransitive , transitive ] to survive sth or manage to stay in the same situation, despite difficulties （在困境等中）坚持下去；超逾（困境等） ◆ She won't last long in that job. 她那份工作干不了多久。 last(out) ◆ Can you last (out) until I can get help? 你能支撑到有人来帮我吗？ last(out) sth ◆ Doctors say that she probably won't last out the night (= she will probably die before the morning). 医生都说她很可能活不过今晚。 ◆ He was injured early on and didn't last the match. 他开赛后不久就受了伤，没法坚持到底。 4 ★ [intransitive , transitive ] to be enough for sb to use, especially for a particular period of time 够用，足够维持（尤指某段时间） last(out) ◆ Will the coffee last out till next week? 咖啡够喝到下周吗？ lastsb (out) ◆ We've got enough food to last us (for) three days. 我们的食物足够维持三天。 WHICH WORD? 词语辨析 last / take Lastand takeare both used to talk about the length of time that something continues. last 和 take 均表示某事持续的时间。 ■ Lastis used to talk about the length of time that an event continues. last 表示某事持续的时间： ◆ How long do you think this storm will last? 你看这暴风雨会持续多久？ ◆ The movie lasted over two hours. 这部电影长两个多小时。 Lastdoes not always need an expression of time. last 并非总需要与表示时间的词语连用： ◆ His annoyance won’t last. 他的烦恼不会持续多久。 Lastis also used to say that you have enough of something. last 亦可表示够用、足够维持： ◆ We don’t have enough money to last until next month. 我们的钱不足以维持到下个月。 ■ Takeis used to talk about the amount of time you need in order to go somewhere or do something. It must be used with an expression of time. *take 表示到某地或做某事需要的时间，必须与表示时间的词语连用： ◆ It takes (me) at least an hour to get home from work. （我）下班回家至少得花一个小时。 ◆ How long will the flight take? 此次航班将飞行多长时间？ ◆ The water took ages to boil. 等上好半天水才开了。 last / lɑːst ; NAmE læst /
LDC	last1 determiner, adjective last2 adverb last3 noun, pronoun last4 verb last5 noun lastlast1 /lɑːst $ læst/ ●●● S1 W1 determiner, adjective Thesaurus Collocations Phrases 1most recent or nearest to the present time → next(12): I hadn’t seen him since the last meeting.last night/week/year etc Did you see the game on TV last night? The law was passed last August. Interest in golf has grown rapidly in the last ten years. Things have changed since the last time (=the most recent occasion) you were here.2happening or existing at the end, with no others after OPP first: I didn’t read the last chapter of the book. The next meeting will be held in the last week in June.the last person/thing etc to do something Anna was the last person to see him alive.last but one/two etc (=last except for one other, two others etc) on the last but one day of his trialsecond/next to last (=last except for one other) the second to last paragraph3remaining after all others have gone, been used etc: Can I have the last piece of cake?every last (=used to emphasize that you mean all of something) All the money was gone; every last penny of it.4the last minute/moment the latest possible time before something happens: Travelers will find it hard to get a hotel room at the last minute. He never makes a decision until almost the last moment.5the last person/thing used to make a strong negative statement about someone or something: She’s the last person I’d expect to meet in a disco (=I would not expect to meet her in a disco at all). Money was the last thing I cared about right now.the last thing somebody needs/wants The last thing she needed was for me to start crying too.6be the last straw to be the final thing in a series of annoying things that makes someone very angry: He’d broken his promise again, and it was the last straw.7last thing (at night) at the very end of the day: Take a couple of these pills last thing at night to help you sleep.8on your last legs informal a)very tired: Sarah looks as if she’s on her last legs. b)very ill and likely to die soon9on its last legs informal old or in bad condition, and likely to stop working soon: The car’s on its last legs.10be the last word in something to be the best, most modern, or most comfortable example of something: It’s the last word in luxury holidays. → last resort at resort1(2) , → with your last/dying breath at breath(9) , → last hurrah , → have the last laugh at laugh2(6) , → the last/final word at word1(15) THESAURUSthe one before this onelast most recent or nearest to the present time: · His last film was much better.· It rained all day last Saturday.· The last time I saw her was two years ago.previous [only before noun] before this one, or before the one that you are talking about: · See the diagram in the previous chapter.· His previous records had all been jazz records.· How much were you earning in your previous job?former [only before noun] formal existing or having a particular position in the past, but not now: · the former Soviet Union· the former US president· Interest rates are unlikely to return to their former level.· the former Chief Executiveold [only before noun] used about a person or thing that existed in the past, but has been replaced by a newer one: · an old boyfriend· The old model was much slower.the one that comes at the endlast [only before noun] happening or existing at the end, with no others after: · What time does the last train leave?· Our house is the last one on the right.final [only before noun] last in a series of actions, events, parts of a story etc: · It’s the final game of the championship tomorrow.· the final scene of the filmclosing [only before noun] used about the last part of a long period of time, or of an event, book etc that has been exciting or interesting: · the closing years of the twentieth century· Barnes scored the winning goal in the closing minutes of the game.concluding [only before noun] used about the last part of a piece of writing, a speech, or an organized event, that ends it in a definite way: · the concluding section of the report· the judge’s concluding remarkspenultimate /peˈnʌltəmət, pə-/ [only before noun] the one before the last one: · the penultimate chapter last1 determiner, adjective last2 adverb last3 noun, pronoun last4 verb last5 noun lastlast2 ●●● S1 W1 adverb Examples Thesaurus Collocations Phrases 1most recently before now → next: When I last saw her, she was working in New York.GRAMMARChoosing the right tenseLast is used with the simple past: · I last saw her in 2008. ✗Don’t say: I have last seen her in 2008.Word order• Last usually comes before a main verb: · I last went to London in June.• Last comes after ‘be’ when it is the main verb: · I was last in London in June.• Last comes after the first auxiliary: · When did you last hear from Tara?2after everything or everyone else OPP first: Who is speaking last? Add the flour last.last of all (=used when giving a final point or piece of information) Last of all, I’d like to thank everyone for coming.3last but not least used when mentioning the last person or thing in a list, to emphasize that they are still important: Last but not least, let me introduce Jane, our new secretary. last1 determiner, adjective last2 adverb last3 noun, pronoun last4 verb last5 noun lastlast3 ●●● S1 W1 noun, pronoun Examples Thesaurus Collocations Phrases 1the last the person or thing that comes after all the others OPP first: I think this box is the last.the last to do something He was the first to arrive and the last to leave.2at (long) last if something happens at last, it happens after you have been hoping, waiting, or working for it a long time: At last it was time to leave. We reached the summit at last.3the day/week/year etc before last the day, week etc before the one that has just finished: I sent the letter off the week before last.4the last of something the remaining parts of something: John ate the last of the bread at lunchtime.5somebody hasn’t heard the last of somebody/something if you have not heard the last of someone or something, they may return and cause problems for you in the future: We haven’t heard the last of football violence.6somebody will never hear the last of something if you will never hear the last of something, someone will be angry with you about it for a long time: If my mother sees me, I’ll never hear the last of this.7the last I heard spoken used to tell someone the most recent news that you know about a person or situation: The last I heard, she was at college studying law.8to the last formal until the end of an event or the end of someone’s life: He died in 1987, insisting to the last he was innocent. last1 determiner, adjective last2 adverb last3 noun, pronoun last4 verb last5 noun lastlast4 ●●● S1 W2 verb Word Origin Verb Table Examples Thesaurus Collocations Phrases 1[intransitive always + adverb/preposition, transitive] to continue for a particular length of timelast for/until/through etc The hot weather lasted for the whole month of June.last an hour/ten minutes etc Each lesson lasts an hour. The ceasefire didn’t last long.► see thesaurus at continue 2[intransitive, transitive] to continue to exist, be effective, or remain in good condition for a long time: This good weather won’t last.last (somebody) two days/three weeks etc A good coat will last you ten years. Cut flowers will last longer if you put flower food in the water.3[intransitive always + adverb/preposition] (also last out (something) British English) to manage to remain in the same situation, even when this is difficult: They won’t be able to last much longer without fresh supplies. If you go into the job with that attitude, you won’t last long. She feared she might not be able to last out the afternoon in court without fainting.4[intransitive, transitive always + adverb/preposition] to be enough for someone for a period of time SYN dolast (somebody) for/until/to etc The batteries should last for 20 hours playing time. We only had $50 to last us the rest of the month. last1 determiner, adjective last2 adverb last3 noun, pronoun last4 verb last5 noun lastlast5 noun [countable] Word Origin Examples Thesaurus Collocations Phrases a piece of wood or metal shaped like a human foot, used by someone who makes and repairs shoes
WDF	last [lɑ:st]lasted, lasting, lasts CET4CET6TEM4考研 m130 314652 75972 48410 57423 112161 20686 v1683 22942 3970 4683 6396 4839 3054 n25208 543 87 108 96 151 101 r3628 8984 533 5640 1584 621 606 j48121 39 10 2 5 18 4 NUM152 7935865 VERB1537 950641 ADV7749 87086 NOUN17469 17484 ADJ35273 2922 Spoken: 126658694 lasted[6061] lasting[2715] lasts[4742] 最后(44%)，持续(33%)，维持(9%)，最后的(8%)，最近的(2%)，最近一次(2%)，末尾的(1%)，上一个的(1%) n.末尾，最后；上个；鞋楦（做鞋的模型） adj.最后的；最近的，最新的；仅剩的；最不可能…的 vi.持续；维持，够用；持久 vt.度过，拖过；使维持 adv.最后地；上次，最近；最后一点 n.(Last)人名；(英、德、葡、罗、瑞典)拉斯特

I Time Thing Person Long Recent Phrase 短语

last

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