Question

rough rough ★★★☆☆/rʌ̱f/1[ADJ-GRADED	能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词](表面)粗糙不平的，不光滑的 If a surface is rough, it is uneven and not smooth. His hands were rough and calloused, from years of karate practice...由于多年练习空手道，他的双手粗糙不平，布满老茧。Grace made her way slowly across the rough ground.格雷斯缓慢地走过高低不平的地面。roughnessShe rested her cheek against the roughness of his jacket.她把脸颊靠在他粗糙的夹克上。2[ADJ-GRADED	能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词](人或行为)粗暴的，粗野的，粗鲁的 You say that people or their actions are rough when they use too much force and not enough care or gentleness. Rugby's a rough game at the best of times...即使是在比赛最不激烈的时候，橄榄球也是一种粗野的运动。They have complained of discrimination and occasional rough treatment.他们抗议遭受歧视，而且偶尔还会遭到粗暴的对待。roughlyA hand roughly pushed him aside.一只手粗鲁地把他推到了一边。roughnessHe regretted his roughness.他对自己的粗鲁感到后悔。3[ADJ-GRADED	能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词](地区、城市、学校等)危险的，充斥暴力的，犯罪率高的 A rough area, city, school, or other place is unpleasant and dangerous because there is a lot of violence or crime there. It was quite a rough part of our town.这是我们城里犯罪率很高的地区。4[ADJ-GRADED	能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词](日子)艰难的，困难的，不愉快的 If you say that someone has had a rough time, you mean that they have had some difficult or unpleasant experiences.   [usu ADJ n]All women have a rough time in our society...在我们的社会中，所有女性的日子都不好过。Tomorrow, he knew, would be a rough day.他知道明天将会是艰难的一天。5[ADJ-GRADED	能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词]身体不适的；不舒服的 If you feel rough, you feel ill.   [v-link ADJ]  [BRIT 英]  [INFORMAL 非正式]The virus won't go away and the lad is still feeling a bit rough.病毒无法清除，这个小伙子仍然觉得有点不舒服。6[ADJ-GRADED	能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词](计算、猜测)大概的，粗略的，不精确的 A rough calculation or guess is approximately correct, but not exact.   [usu ADJ n]We were only able to make a rough estimate of how much fuel would be required...我们只能对所需燃料作一个粗略的估计。As a rough guide, a horse needs 2.5 per cent of his body weight in food every day.作为一个大致的参照，一匹马每天需要吃相当于其体重2.5％的食物。roughlyGambling and tourism pay roughly half the entire state budget...博彩业和旅游业支撑着整个国家约一半的财政预算。The Ukraine is roughly equal to France in size and population.乌克兰的面积和人口与法国大致相当。...a period of very roughly 30 million years.非常粗略地算作3,000万年的一段时间7[ADJ-GRADED	能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词](想法、描述)粗略的，简略的，大致的；(图画)简笔的 If you give someone a rough idea, description, or drawing of something, you indicate only the most important features, without much detail. I've got a rough idea of what he looks like...我已经大致知道他长什么样子了。It often helps to make a rough sketch showing where the vehicles were.画一个简略的草图标示车辆当时所在的位置往往很有用。roughlyHe knew roughly what was about to be said...他大概知道要说些什么。Roughly speaking, a scientific humanist is somebody who believes in science and in humanity but not in God.简单来讲，科学人道主义者是相信科学和人道主义而不相信上帝的人。8[ADJ-GRADED	能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词]做工粗糙的；不精致的；简陋的 You can say that something is rough when it is not neat and well made. ...a rough wooden table.做工粗糙的木桌子...chairs set in a rough circle in the middle of the room.房间中央大致围成一圈的椅子roughlyRoughly chop the tomatoes and add them to the casserole.把西红柿大致切一切，然后放到炖锅里。...houses, roughly painted white or blue.简单刷成白色或蓝色的房子9[ADJ-GRADED	能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词](天气)恶劣的，狂风暴雨的；(海面)波浪滔天的 If the sea or the weather at sea is rough, the weather is windy or stormy and there are very big waves. A fishing vessel and a cargo ship collided in rough seas.一艘捕鱼船和一艘货船在波涛汹涌的海上相撞了。10[ADV	副词]风餐露宿地；无家可归地；流浪地 When people sleep or live rough, they sleep out of doors, usually because they have no home.   [ADV after v]  [BRIT 英]It makes me so sad when I see young people begging or sleeping rough on the streets.我看到年轻人沿街乞讨、露宿街头，心里会非常难过。11[VERB	动词]过（从前没有过的）艰苦的生活 If you have to rough it, you have to live without the possessions and comforts that you normally have.   [V it]You won't be roughing it； each room comes equipped with a telephone and a 3-channel radio.你不会过得太艰苦；每个房间都配备了一部电话和一台可以接收3个频道的收音机。12  rough justice→see: justice； 相关词组：rough out rough up  rough1 adjectiverough2 nounrough3 verbrough4 adverbroughrough1 /rʌf/ ●●● S2 W3 adjective (comparative rougher, superlative roughest)  Entry menu Word Origin Examples Thesaurus Collocations Phrases Word family 1not smooth having an uneven surface  OPP  smooth:  Her hands were rough from hard work. the rough terrain at the base of the mountains We were bumping over the rough ground.2not exact [usually before noun] not exact, not containing many details, or not in a final form  SYN  approximate:  a rough sketch of the house a rough translation Could you give me a rough idea what time you’ll be home? a rough estimate of the cost First do a rough draft of your essay.3problems/difficulties a rough period is one in which you have a lot of problems or difficulties  SYN  tough:  The first year was rough, but things have gotten better. Sounds like you had a rough day. We’ve been through some rough times together. My boyfriend and I were going through a rough patch. The bill is in for a rough ride in the Senate. It’s been rough going, but we’ve almost finished now.4not gentle using force, anger, or violence  OPP  gentle:  Rugby is a very rough sport. Don’t be too rough – she’s only little. Paul gave her a rough shake. equipment capable of withstanding rough treatment The referee won’t allow any rough stuff (=violent behaviour).be rough on somebody (=treat someone unkindly or criticize them in an angry way) Don’t you think you were a little rough on her?► see thesaurus at violent5town/area etc a rough area is a place where there is a lot of violence or crime:  a rough part of town6weather/sea with strong wind or storms  OPP  calm:  The ship went down in rough seas.7voice/sound a)not sounding soft or gentle, and often rather unpleasant or angry:  Barton’s deep, rough voice b)having an unpleasant sound, especially because there is something wrong with a machine:  The clutch sounds rough – better get it checked.8simple/not well made simple and often not very well made:  a rough wooden table9not comfortable uncomfortable, and with difficult conditions:  The journey was long and rough.10have rough edges (also be rough around the edges) a)to have some parts that are not as good as they should be, but that are not a serious problem:  The team has a few rough edges, but they’re winning more games. b)if a person is rough around the edges, they are not very polite, educated etc11rough night a night when you did not sleep well:  Mickey had a rough night last night.12a rough deal something that happens to you that is unfair or unpleasant:  He’s had a rough deal with his wife leaving him like that.13feel rough British English informal to feel ill14look rough British English informal to look untidy, dirty, or unhealthy:  After travelling for two days we must have looked pretty rough.15rough and ready not perfect, but good enough for a particular purpose:  The tests are only a rough and ready guide to a pupil’s future development.16rough justice punishment that is not decided in a court in the usual legal way, and that is often severe or unfair:  Gangs practise a kind of rough justice on their members.—roughness noun [uncountable] →rough diamond, rough paper, roughlyCOLLOCATIONS– Meaning 3nounsa rough day/week etc· He’s had a rough week at work.a rough time· My children had a rough time because they were different from the rest.a rough patch (=a difficult time that does not last long)· He was good at encouraging his team when it hit a rough patch.a rough ride (=a time when you are criticized, opposed etc)· She was given a rough ride by the press.· Though the president pushed the bill through the House of Representatives, it faces a rough ride in the Senate.rough going (=a difficult and unpleasant experience)· If there is a recession, next year will be very rough going.THESAURUSrough having a surface that is not flat or smooth: · rough ground· a rough mountain path· The walls were all rough.· Her hands were rough and work-hardened.uneven an uneven  surface has areas that are not flat or not all at the same level: · The floor was uneven.· She climbed the uneven steps with great care.bumpy a bumpy  road, path, or area of land has a lot of holes and raised parts in it: · the bumpy track down to the farm· The field was too bumpy to play football on.· a bumpy journey (=on a road that has a very rough surface)coarse having a rough surface that feels slightly hard – used especially about materials such as cloth or wool: · coarse woollen blankets· coarse grass· The wool felt rather coarse.rugged /ˈrʌɡəd/ land that is rugged is very rough and uneven and is often in a high place: · the rugged terrain near the mountainsCOLLOCATIONS CHECKrough ground/sea/stone/skinuneven surface/floor/pavementbumpy road/field/journeycoarse cloth/wool/paper/grassrugged terrain/mountain/landscape/coastlinerough1 adjectiverough2 nounrough3 verbrough4 adverbroughrough2 noun  Examples Collocations Phrases Word family 1the rough uneven ground with long grass on an area where people play golf  OPP  green2take the rough with the smooth to accept the bad things in life as well as the good ones:  You have to learn to take the rough with the smooth.3[countable] a picture drawn very quickly, not showing all the details  SYN  sketch:  a rough of the proposed housing development4in rough British English if you write or draw something in rough, you do it without paying attention to details or tidiness, because you are going to do it again later:  It’s best to work in rough first, and then write it out neatly.5a bit of rough British English informal someone from a lower social class than you, with whom you have a sexual relationship →diamond in the roughrough1 adjectiverough2 nounrough3 verbrough4 adverbroughrough3 verb  Verb Table Examples Collocations Phrases Word family  rough it informal to live for a short time in conditions that are not very comfortable:  I don’t mind roughing it for a while.rough something ↔ out phrasal verb British English to draw or write something without including all the details:  a diagram the engineer had roughed out on his notepadrough somebody ↔ up phrasal verb informal to attack someone and hurt them by hitting themrough1 adjectiverough2 nounrough3 verbrough4 adverbroughrough4 adverb  Examples Thesaurus Collocations Phrases Word family 1sleep rough British English to sleep outside with nothing to protect you from the weather, especially because you have no home to live in:  the number of people sleeping rough on the street2play rough to play in a fairly violent way → cut up roughat cut1(6)

Accepted Answer

t66Pk8i74cE7fib4MrIjF4F+J7F7M5G/1iW8A1G0lI4ChAeSZLj/xJBCo6/a1i3ie0d5F3KCR/tEav9Eh0Pvf2l2ItDezUS3BYnEmAvyStjY025C8PTgeGg5sfYgALmrOe2pJdGNfwx45U5bavpGAtVmcxcji4i4MmXj6MWhNcgW3FwXIb5H+EymTvprrJc5yp5WhWQCGXTTi/ifI7uNwmU+5SwYZ25Gqte/cYtSEhXk+F9wtm0AqKRxMdPPhomk2KxOpoUfYcQI16Y+3RbjU4BDXQnm8A7LQXgQ3g1Hc3dB5xswoqEq8RMuRZZdwXE2             rough              ★                    /        rʌf                ;          NAmE                rʌf                /                              adjective                ,                  noun                ,                  verb                ,                  adverb                            rough      roughs      roughed      roughing      rougher      roughest                            adjective        ★                    (              rough·er        ,        rough·est            )              not smooth        不平滑                    1        ★                  having a surface that is not even or regular            粗糙的；不平滑的；高低不平的                                    ◆          rough ground          高低不平的地面                          ◆          The skin on her hands was hard and rough.          她手上的皮肤粗糙而没有弹性。                          ◆          Trim rough edges with a sharp knife.          用锋利的刀将参差不齐的边切齐。                          OPP                                                    smooth                                                                not exact        不确切                    2        ★                  not exact; not including all details            不确切的；粗略的；大致的                                    SYN                                                    approximate                                                              ◆          a            rough calculation/estimateof the cost                    对成本的粗略计算╱估计                          ◆          I've got a            rough ideaof where I want to go.                    我大致知道我想去哪里了。                          ◆          There were about 20 people there,            at a rough guess.                    那里约计有 20 人。                          ◆          a rough draft of a speech          讲话草稿                          ◆          a rough sketch          草图                            violent        粗暴                    3        ★                  not gentle or careful; violent            粗暴的；粗野的；猛烈的                                    ◆          This watch is not designed for rough treatment.          这块手表不可猛烈震动。                          ◆          They complained of rough handling by the guards.          他们投诉警卫对他们动粗。                          ◆          rough kids          粗野的小孩                          ◆          Don't try any            rough stuffwith me!                    别想对我撒野！                            4        ★                  where there is a lot of violence or crime            犯罪盛行的；充斥暴力的；危险的                                    ◆          the roughest neighbourhood in the city          市内最危险的街区                            sea        海洋                    5        ★                  having large and dangerous waves            汹涌的；风浪很大的                                    ◆          It was too rough to sail that night.          那天夜里风浪太大，无法行船。                            weather        天气                    6                  wild and with storms            恶劣的；有暴风雨的                                      difficult        困难                    7        ★                  difficult and unpleasant            艰难的；讨厌的；令人不快的                                    SYN                                                    tough                                                              ◆          He's had a really            rough timerecently            (= he's had a lot of problems).                    他最近真是困难重重。                          ◆          We'll get someone in to do the rough work            (= the hard physical work).                    我们会找个人来干这重活。                            not well        不舒服                    8                  (            BrE)                    not feeling well            不舒服的；不适的                                    ◆          You look rough—are you OK?          你看上去不太舒服，你没事吧？                          ◆          I had a rough night            (= I didn't sleep well).                    我一夜没睡好觉。                            plain/basic        简单；基本                    9        ★                  simply made and not finished in every detail; plain or basic            粗糙的；不够精细的；朴实简单的                                    ◆          rough wooden tables          粗糙的木桌                          ◆          a rough track          凹凸不平的小径                          ◆          (            BrE)                    rough paper for making notes on          做笔记的草稿纸                            not smooth        令人不舒服                    10                  not smooth or pleasant to taste, listen to, etc.            味道差的；涩的；刺耳的；令人难受的                                    ◆          a rough wine/voice          口感极差的葡萄酒；刺耳的声音                                              ▶                rough·ness                  /          rʌfnəs                    ;            NAmE                    rʌfnəs                    /                          noun                          [uncountable          ]                                  ☞see also                                    roughly                                     (2          )                            IDIOMS              a rough ˈdeal                              the fact of being treated unfairly              不公平的待遇                                                  rough ˈedges                              small parts of sth or of a person's character that are not yet as good as they should be              瑕疵；美中不足之处                                            ◆            The ballet still had some rough edges.            这段芭蕾舞还有不足之处。                                ◆            He had a few rough edges knocked off at school.            他在学校改掉了一些坏毛病。                                      the ˌrough end of the ˈpineapple                              (              AustralE) (              informal)                        a situation in which sb is treated badly or unfairly              受到不良（或不公平）对待的处境                                                  ☞more at                                    ride                                   n.                                  noun                    in golf        高尔夫球                    1        the rough                  [singular          ]                          the part of a            golf coursewhere the grass is long, making it more difficult to hit the ball            （高尔夫球场的）深草区                                    ☞compare                                                    fairway                                                                drawing/design        绘画；设计                    2                  [countable          ]                          (            technical              术语            )                    the first version of a drawing or design that has been done quickly and without much detail            草稿；草图                                      violent person        暴徒                    3                  [countable          ]                          (            old-fashioned,            informal)                    a violent person            暴徒；粗野的人                                    ◆          a gang of roughs          一帮暴徒                            IDIOMS              in ˈrough                              (              especially BrE)                        if you write or draw sth              in rough,you make a first version of it, not worrying too much about mistakes or details              粗略地；大致上                                                  take the ˌrough with the ˈsmooth                              to accept the unpleasant or difficult things that happen in life as well as the good things              好事坏事都接受；既能享乐也能吃苦                                                  ☞more at                                    bit                                                    verb                    IDIOM              ˈrough it                              (              informal)                        to live in a way that is not very comfortable for a short time              暂时过艰苦的生活；渡过暂时的难关                                            ◆            We can sleep on the beach. I don't mind roughing it for a night or two.            我们可以睡在海滩上，我不介意吃一两夜的苦。                                              PHRASAL VERBS                    ˌrough sth↔ˈout                              to draw or write sth without including all the details              画…的草图；草拟                                            ◆            I've roughed out a few ideas.            我已有几个初步设想。                                      ˌrough sb↔ˈup                              (              informal)                        to hurt sb by hitting or kicking them              殴打；施以暴力                                            ◆            He claimed that guards had roughed him up in prison.            他声称看守们在监狱里殴打了他。                                                    adverb                    using force or violence        粗鲁地；粗野地                    ◆      Do they always play this rough?      他们比赛总是这么粗野吗？              IDIOM              live/sleep ˈrough                              (              BrE)                        to live or sleep outdoors, usually because you have no home and no money              风餐露宿（通常因为无家可归或贫穷）                                            ◆            young people sleeping rough on the streets            露宿街头的年轻人                                          rough              /        rʌf                ;          NAmE                rʌf                /                    rough·ness              /        rʌfnəs                ;          NAmE                rʌfnəs                /             rough[rʌf]roughed, roughing, roughs级别:rougher, roughestCET4CET6TEM4考研TOEFLIELTSv1413287713520324421085j26431331720393962382423371155r553822357713n571022116563ADJ3195364479VERB1609720875NOUN471341125ADV54117597Spoken:147330526roughed[636] rougher[589] roughest[305] roughing[411]粗糙的(38%)，汹涌的(19%)，粗暴的(8%)，艰难的(8%)，粗暴地(7%)，草拟(5%)，粗糙地(5%)，使粗糙(4%)，暴徒(2%)，粗制品(2%)，殴打(2%)n.艰苦；高低不平的地面；未经加工的材料；粗糙的部分adj.粗糙的；粗略的；粗野的；艰苦的；未经加工的vt.使粗糙；粗暴对待；草拟adv.粗糙地；粗略地；粗暴地vi.举止粗野n.(Rough)人名；(英)拉夫

word	rough
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Collins	rough ★★★☆☆ /rʌ̱f/ 1 [ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词](表面)粗糙不平的，不光滑的 If a surface is rough, it is uneven and not smooth. His hands were rough and calloused, from years of karate practice... 由于多年练习空手道，他的双手粗糙不平，布满老茧。 Grace made her way slowly across the rough ground. 格雷斯缓慢地走过高低不平的地面。 roughness She rested her cheek against the roughness of his jacket. 她把脸颊靠在他粗糙的夹克上。 2 [ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词](人或行为)粗暴的，粗野的，粗鲁的 You say that people or their actions are rough when they use too much force and not enough care or gentleness. Rugby's a rough game at the best of times... 即使是在比赛最不激烈的时候，橄榄球也是一种粗野的运动。 They have complained of discrimination and occasional rough treatment. 他们抗议遭受歧视，而且偶尔还会遭到粗暴的对待。 roughly A hand roughly pushed him aside. 一只手粗鲁地把他推到了一边。 roughness He regretted his roughness. 他对自己的粗鲁感到后悔。 3 [ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词](地区、城市、学校等)危险的，充斥暴力的，犯罪率高的 A rough area, city, school, or other place is unpleasant and dangerous because there is a lot of violence or crime there. It was quite a rough part of our town. 这是我们城里犯罪率很高的地区。 4 [ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词](日子)艰难的，困难的，不愉快的 If you say that someone has had a rough time, you mean that they have had some difficult or unpleasant experiences. [usu ADJ n] All women have a rough time in our society... 在我们的社会中，所有女性的日子都不好过。 Tomorrow, he knew, would be a rough day. 他知道明天将会是艰难的一天。 5 [ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词]身体不适的；不舒服的 If you feel rough, you feel ill. [v-link ADJ] [BRIT 英] [INFORMAL 非正式] The virus won't go away and the lad is still feeling a bit rough. 病毒无法清除，这个小伙子仍然觉得有点不舒服。 6 [ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词](计算、猜测)大概的，粗略的，不精确的 A rough calculation or guess is approximately correct, but not exact. [usu ADJ n] We were only able to make a rough estimate of how much fuel would be required... 我们只能对所需燃料作一个粗略的估计。 As a rough guide, a horse needs 2.5 per cent of his body weight in food every day. 作为一个大致的参照，一匹马每天需要吃相当于其体重2.5％的食物。 roughly Gambling and tourism pay roughly half the entire state budget... 博彩业和旅游业支撑着整个国家约一半的财政预算。 The Ukraine is roughly equal to France in size and population. 乌克兰的面积和人口与法国大致相当。 ...a period of very roughly 30 million years. 非常粗略地算作3,000万年的一段时间 7 [ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词](想法、描述)粗略的，简略的，大致的；(图画)简笔的 If you give someone a rough idea, description, or drawing of something, you indicate only the most important features, without much detail. I've got a rough idea of what he looks like... 我已经大致知道他长什么样子了。 It often helps to make a rough sketch showing where the vehicles were. 画一个简略的草图标示车辆当时所在的位置往往很有用。 roughly He knew roughly what was about to be said... 他大概知道要说些什么。 Roughly speaking, a scientific humanist is somebody who believes in science and in humanity but not in God. 简单来讲，科学人道主义者是相信科学和人道主义而不相信上帝的人。 8 [ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词]做工粗糙的；不精致的；简陋的 You can say that something is rough when it is not neat and well made. ...a rough wooden table. 做工粗糙的木桌子 ...chairs set in a rough circle in the middle of the room. 房间中央大致围成一圈的椅子 roughly Roughly chop the tomatoes and add them to the casserole. 把西红柿大致切一切，然后放到炖锅里。 ...houses, roughly painted white or blue. 简单刷成白色或蓝色的房子 9 [ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词](天气)恶劣的，狂风暴雨的；(海面)波浪滔天的 If the sea or the weather at sea is rough, the weather is windy or stormy and there are very big waves. A fishing vessel and a cargo ship collided in rough seas. 一艘捕鱼船和一艘货船在波涛汹涌的海上相撞了。 10 [ADV 副词]风餐露宿地；无家可归地；流浪地 When people sleep or live rough, they sleep out of doors, usually because they have no home. [ADV after v] [BRIT 英] It makes me so sad when I see young people begging or sleeping rough on the streets. 我看到年轻人沿街乞讨、露宿街头，心里会非常难过。 11 [VERB 动词]过（从前没有过的）艰苦的生活 If you have to rough it, you have to live without the possessions and comforts that you normally have. [V it] You won't be roughing it； each room comes equipped with a telephone and a 3-channel radio. 你不会过得太艰苦；每个房间都配备了一部电话和一台可以接收3个频道的收音机。 12 rough justice→see: justice ；相关词组： rough out rough up
Oxford	rough ★ / rʌf ; NAmE rʌf / adjective , noun , verb , adverb rough roughs roughed roughing rougher roughest adjective ★ ( rough·er , rough·est ) not smooth 不平滑 1 ★ having a surface that is not even or regular 粗糙的；不平滑的；高低不平的 ◆ rough ground 高低不平的地面 ◆ The skin on her hands was hard and rough. 她手上的皮肤粗糙而没有弹性。 ◆ Trim rough edges with a sharp knife. 用锋利的刀将参差不齐的边切齐。 OPP smooth not exact 不确切 2 ★ not exact; not including all details 不确切的；粗略的；大致的 SYN approximate ◆ a rough calculation/estimateof the cost 对成本的粗略计算╱估计 ◆ I've got a rough ideaof where I want to go. 我大致知道我想去哪里了。 ◆ There were about 20 people there, at a rough guess. 那里约计有 20 人。 ◆ a rough draft of a speech 讲话草稿 ◆ a rough sketch 草图 violent 粗暴 3 ★ not gentle or careful; violent 粗暴的；粗野的；猛烈的 ◆ This watch is not designed for rough treatment. 这块手表不可猛烈震动。 ◆ They complained of rough handling by the guards. 他们投诉警卫对他们动粗。 ◆ rough kids 粗野的小孩 ◆ Don't try any rough stuffwith me! 别想对我撒野！ 4 ★ where there is a lot of violence or crime 犯罪盛行的；充斥暴力的；危险的 ◆ the roughest neighbourhood in the city 市内最危险的街区 sea 海洋 5 ★ having large and dangerous waves 汹涌的；风浪很大的 ◆ It was too rough to sail that night. 那天夜里风浪太大，无法行船。 weather 天气 6 wild and with storms 恶劣的；有暴风雨的 difficult 困难 7 ★ difficult and unpleasant 艰难的；讨厌的；令人不快的 SYN tough ◆ He's had a really rough timerecently (= he's had a lot of problems). 他最近真是困难重重。 ◆ We'll get someone in to do the rough work (= the hard physical work). 我们会找个人来干这重活。 not well 不舒服 8 ( BrE) not feeling well 不舒服的；不适的 ◆ You look rough—are you OK? 你看上去不太舒服，你没事吧？ ◆ I had a rough night (= I didn't sleep well). 我一夜没睡好觉。 plain/basic 简单；基本 9 ★ simply made and not finished in every detail; plain or basic 粗糙的；不够精细的；朴实简单的 ◆ rough wooden tables 粗糙的木桌 ◆ a rough track 凹凸不平的小径 ◆ ( BrE) rough paper for making notes on 做笔记的草稿纸 not smooth 令人不舒服 10 not smooth or pleasant to taste, listen to, etc. 味道差的；涩的；刺耳的；令人难受的 ◆ a rough wine/voice 口感极差的葡萄酒；刺耳的声音 ▶ rough·ness / rʌfnəs ; NAmE rʌfnəs / noun [uncountable ] ☞see also roughly (2 ) IDIOMS a rough ˈdeal the fact of being treated unfairly 不公平的待遇 rough ˈedges small parts of sth or of a person's character that are not yet as good as they should be 瑕疵；美中不足之处 ◆ The ballet still had some rough edges. 这段芭蕾舞还有不足之处。 ◆ He had a few rough edges knocked off at school. 他在学校改掉了一些坏毛病。 the ˌrough end of the ˈpineapple ( AustralE) ( informal) a situation in which sb is treated badly or unfairly 受到不良（或不公平）对待的处境 ☞more at ride n. noun in golf 高尔夫球 1 the rough [singular ] the part of a golf coursewhere the grass is long, making it more difficult to hit the ball （高尔夫球场的）深草区 ☞compare fairway drawing/design 绘画；设计 2 [countable ] ( technical 术语 ) the first version of a drawing or design that has been done quickly and without much detail 草稿；草图 violent person 暴徒 3 [countable ] ( old-fashioned, informal) a violent person 暴徒；粗野的人 ◆ a gang of roughs 一帮暴徒 IDIOMS in ˈrough ( especially BrE) if you write or draw sth in rough,you make a first version of it, not worrying too much about mistakes or details 粗略地；大致上 take the ˌrough with the ˈsmooth to accept the unpleasant or difficult things that happen in life as well as the good things 好事坏事都接受；既能享乐也能吃苦 ☞more at bit verb IDIOM ˈrough it ( informal) to live in a way that is not very comfortable for a short time 暂时过艰苦的生活；渡过暂时的难关 ◆ We can sleep on the beach. I don't mind roughing it for a night or two. 我们可以睡在海滩上，我不介意吃一两夜的苦。 PHRASAL VERBS ˌrough sth↔ˈout to draw or write sth without including all the details 画…的草图；草拟 ◆ I've roughed out a few ideas. 我已有几个初步设想。 ˌrough sb↔ˈup ( informal) to hurt sb by hitting or kicking them 殴打；施以暴力 ◆ He claimed that guards had roughed him up in prison. 他声称看守们在监狱里殴打了他。 adverb using force or violence 粗鲁地；粗野地 ◆ Do they always play this rough? 他们比赛总是这么粗野吗？ IDIOM live/sleep ˈrough ( BrE) to live or sleep outdoors, usually because you have no home and no money 风餐露宿（通常因为无家可归或贫穷） ◆ young people sleeping rough on the streets 露宿街头的年轻人 rough / rʌf ; NAmE rʌf / rough·ness / rʌfnəs ; NAmE rʌfnəs /
LDC	rough1 adjective rough2 noun rough3 verb rough4 adverb roughrough1 /rʌf/ ●●● S2 W3 adjective (comparative rougher, superlative roughest) Entry menu Word Origin Examples Thesaurus Collocations Phrases Word family 1not smooth having an uneven surface OPP smooth: Her hands were rough from hard work. the rough terrain at the base of the mountains We were bumping over the rough ground.2not exact [usually before noun] not exact, not containing many details, or not in a final form SYN approximate: a rough sketch of the house a rough translation Could you give me a rough idea what time you’ll be home? a rough estimate of the cost First do a rough draft of your essay.3problems/difficulties a rough period is one in which you have a lot of problems or difficulties SYN tough: The first year was rough, but things have gotten better. Sounds like you had a rough day. We’ve been through some rough times together. My boyfriend and I were going through a rough patch. The bill is in for a rough ride in the Senate. It’s been rough going, but we’ve almost finished now.4not gentle using force, anger, or violence OPP gentle: Rugby is a very rough sport. Don’t be too rough – she’s only little. Paul gave her a rough shake. equipment capable of withstanding rough treatment The referee won’t allow any rough stuff (=violent behaviour).be rough on somebody (=treat someone unkindly or criticize them in an angry way) Don’t you think you were a little rough on her?► see thesaurus at violent 5town/area etc a rough area is a place where there is a lot of violence or crime: a rough part of town6weather/sea with strong wind or storms OPP calm: The ship went down in rough seas.7voice/sound a)not sounding soft or gentle, and often rather unpleasant or angry: Barton’s deep, rough voice b)having an unpleasant sound, especially because there is something wrong with a machine: The clutch sounds rough – better get it checked.8simple/not well made simple and often not very well made: a rough wooden table9not comfortable uncomfortable, and with difficult conditions: The journey was long and rough.10have rough edges (also be rough around the edges) a)to have some parts that are not as good as they should be, but that are not a serious problem: The team has a few rough edges, but they’re winning more games. b)if a person is rough around the edges, they are not very polite, educated etc11rough night a night when you did not sleep well: Mickey had a rough night last night.12a rough deal something that happens to you that is unfair or unpleasant: He’s had a rough deal with his wife leaving him like that.13feel rough British English informal to feel ill14look rough British English informal to look untidy, dirty, or unhealthy: After travelling for two days we must have looked pretty rough.15rough and ready not perfect, but good enough for a particular purpose: The tests are only a rough and ready guide to a pupil’s future development.16rough justice punishment that is not decided in a court in the usual legal way, and that is often severe or unfair: Gangs practise a kind of rough justice on their members.—roughness noun [uncountable] → rough diamond , rough paper , roughly COLLOCATIONS– Meaning 3nounsa rough day/week etc· He’s had a rough week at work.a rough time· My children had a rough time because they were different from the rest.a rough patch (=a difficult time that does not last long)· He was good at encouraging his team when it hit a rough patch.a rough ride (=a time when you are criticized, opposed etc)· She was given a rough ride by the press.· Though the president pushed the bill through the House of Representatives, it faces a rough ride in the Senate.rough going (=a difficult and unpleasant experience)· If there is a recession, next year will be very rough going.THESAURUSrough having a surface that is not flat or smooth: · rough ground· a rough mountain path· The walls were all rough.· Her hands were rough and work-hardened.uneven an uneven surface has areas that are not flat or not all at the same level: · The floor was uneven.· She climbed the uneven steps with great care.bumpy a bumpy road, path, or area of land has a lot of holes and raised parts in it: · the bumpy track down to the farm· The field was too bumpy to play football on.· a bumpy journey (=on a road that has a very rough surface)coarse having a rough surface that feels slightly hard – used especially about materials such as cloth or wool: · coarse woollen blankets· coarse grass· The wool felt rather coarse.rugged /ˈrʌɡəd/ land that is rugged is very rough and uneven and is often in a high place: · the rugged terrain near the mountainsCOLLOCATIONS CHECKrough ground/sea/stone/skinuneven surface/floor/pavementbumpy road/field/journeycoarse cloth/wool/paper/grassrugged terrain/mountain/landscape/coastline rough1 adjective rough2 noun rough3 verb rough4 adverb roughrough2 noun Examples Collocations Phrases Word family 1the rough uneven ground with long grass on an area where people play golf OPP green2take the rough with the smooth to accept the bad things in life as well as the good ones: You have to learn to take the rough with the smooth.3[countable] a picture drawn very quickly, not showing all the details SYN sketch: a rough of the proposed housing development4in rough British English if you write or draw something in rough, you do it without paying attention to details or tidiness, because you are going to do it again later: It’s best to work in rough first, and then write it out neatly.5a bit of rough British English informal someone from a lower social class than you, with whom you have a sexual relationship → diamond in the rough rough1 adjective rough2 noun rough3 verb rough4 adverb roughrough3 verb Verb Table Examples Collocations Phrases Word family rough it informal to live for a short time in conditions that are not very comfortable: I don’t mind roughing it for a while.rough out phrasal verb British English to draw or write something without including all the details: a diagram the engineer had roughed out on his notepadrough up phrasal verb informal to attack someone and hurt them by hitting them rough1 adjective rough2 noun rough3 verb rough4 adverb roughrough4 adverb Examples Thesaurus Collocations Phrases Word family 1sleep rough British English to sleep outside with nothing to protect you from the weather, especially because you have no home to live in: the number of people sleeping rough on the street2play rough to play in a fairly violent way → cut up rough at cut1(6)
WDF	rough [rʌf]roughed, roughing, roughs级别:rougher, roughest CET4CET6TEM4考研TOEFLIELTS v14132 877 135 203 244 210 85 j2643 13317 2039 3962 3824 2337 1155 r55382 23 5 7 7 1 3 n57102 21 1 6 5 6 3 ADJ3195 364479 VERB16097 20875 NOUN47134 1125 ADV54117 597 Spoken: 147330526 roughed[636] rougher[589] roughest[305] roughing[411] 粗糙的(38%)，汹涌的(19%)，粗暴的(8%)，艰难的(8%)，粗暴地(7%)，草拟(5%)，粗糙地(5%)，使粗糙(4%)，暴徒(2%)，粗制品(2%)，殴打(2%) n.艰苦；高低不平的地面；未经加工的材料；粗糙的部分 adj.粗糙的；粗略的；粗野的；艰苦的；未经加工的 vt.使粗糙；粗暴对待；草拟 adv.粗糙地；粗略地；粗暴地 vi.举止粗野 n.(Rough)人名；(英)拉夫

Rough The Adj Graded 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 Time Informal Uneven Unpleasant

rough

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