| 正面 | 3607.bitter 英 ['bɪtə]美 ['bɪtɚ]     |
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| 背面 |      释义： bitter 必吐尔（苦的吃到嘴里必定会吐） = 苦的。adj. 苦的；痛苦的；尖刻的；充满仇恨的n. 苦味；苦啤酒adv. 激烈地；严寒刺骨地vt. 使变苦n. (Bitter)人名；(英、法、德、芬、捷、匈)比特 例句： 1. They drink bitter on draught in the local bar.他们在当地的酒吧里喝桶装的苦啤酒。 bitter 苦的词源同bite, 咬，撕裂。后指酸，苦。 bitterbitter: [OE] Old English biter appears to have come from *bit-, the short-vowel version of *bīt-, source of bite. Its original meaning would thus have been ‘biting’, and although there do not seem to be any traces of this left in the historical record, the sense development to ‘acrid-tasting’ is fairly straightforward (compare the similar case of sharp).It seems likely that the bitter of ‘bitter end’ comes from a different source altogether, although in its current meaning it appears to have been influenced by the adjective bitter. A bitter was originally a ‘turn of a cable round the bitts’, and a bitt was a ‘post on the deck of a ship for fastening cables to’. It is not clear where bitt came from, although it was probably originally a seafarer’s term from the north German coast, and it may be related to English boat.Thus in the first instance ‘to the bitter end’ probably meant ‘to the very end, as far as it is possible to go’.=> bitebitter (adj.)Old English biter "bitter, sharp, cutting; angry, embittered; cruel," from Proto-Germanic *bitras- (cognates: Old Saxon bittar, Old Norse bitr, Dutch bitter, Old High German bittar, German bitter, Gothic baitrs "bitter"), from PIE root *bheid- "to split" (cognates: Old English bitan "to bite;" see bite (v.)). Evidently the meaning drifted in prehistoric times from "biting, of pungent taste," to "acrid-tasting." Used figuratively in Old English of states of mind and words. Related: Bitterly." |