| 正面 | 12572.toughness 英 美 ['tʌfnɪs]     |
|---|---|
| 背面 |     释义： 1. PIE root *ghel- "shine, glitter, glow" => Proto-Germanic *glim- => gleam, glimmer, glimpse.2. glimmer is a frequentative from Proto-Germanic *glim-, originally "shine brightly," Sense shifted 15c. to "shine faintly".3. PIE root *ghel- "shine, glitter, glow" => glow, glitter, glister, glisten, glint, glad.4. 光(拼音：guang <= g- + -uang) => gl- "流动的光". <= 类比：flow.5. 哥哥(路过垃圾堆时)在垃圾堆里捡到了一个闪闪发光的钻戒。n. [力] 韧性；强健；有粘性 例句： 1. She had the combined talents of toughness, intellect, experience and unsullied reputation.她刚强果敢、才智超群、经验丰富，而且名声没有任何污点。 toughness (n.)mid-15c., from tough (adj.) + -ness." |