| 正面 | 2109.spiritual 英 ['spɪrɪtʃʊəl; -tjʊəl]美 ['spɪrɪtʃʊəl]     |
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| 背面 |     释义： 1. see wrench.n. 圣歌（尤指美国南部黑人的）adj. 精神的，心灵的 例句： 1. Chen was an initiate of a Chinese spiritual discipline.陈是某个中国神学领域的新入门者。 spiritual 精神的，灵魂的，心灵的spirit,精神，灵魂，-al,形容词后缀。 spiritual (adj.)c. 1300, "of or concerning the spirit" (especially in religious aspects), from Old French spirituel, esperituel (12c.) or directly from a Medieval Latin ecclesiastical use of Latin spiritualis "of or pertaining to breath, breathing, wind, or air; pertaining to spirit," from spiritus "of breathing, of the spirit" (see spirit (n.)). Meaning "of or concerning the church" is attested from mid-14c. Related: Spiritually. An Old English word for "spiritual" was godcundlic. In avibus intellige studia spiritualia, in animalibus exercitia corporalia [Richard of St. Victoror (1110-1173): "Watch birds to understand how spiritual things move, animals to understand physical motion." - E.P.] spiritual (n.)"African-American religious song," 1866, from spiritual (adj.). Earlier "a spiritual thing" (1660s)." |