Question

by prep.靠近；通过；被；经由；不迟于adv.经过；在旁边；靠近 (1) 湖边的那座房子是家饭店。(2) 他从后门进入。(3) 那计划受到该委员会的好评。(4) 他匆匆走过去，消失在森林里。(5) 我平时总存着一瓶酒以备朋友来时喝。(6) 他住在附近。 Your dog might run by too fast for you to catch her and put her leash on, or you might ask your dad to drive by the house he lived in when he first met your mom. In both cases, by means "past," or "passing a particular point." A more old-fashioned way to use the word is to mean "aside" or "in reserve," as when your aunt puts some homemade pickles by so she can eat them all winter.

Accepted Answer

英 [baɪ] 美 [baɪ] (1) The house by the lake is a restaurant.(2) He entered by the back door.(3) The project was viewed favorably by the committee.(4) He hurried by and disappeared in the wood.(5) I always keep a bottle of wine by in case friends call round.(6) He lives near by. By means near, beside, or past. When your friend rides by on her bike, she passes close to you. In addition to the uses shown below, by is used in phrasal verbs such as ‘abide by’, ‘put by’, and ‘stand by’.除下列用法，by还可用于abide by, put by和 stand by等短语动词中。The preposition is pronounced /baɪ/. The adverb is pronounced /'baɪ/. 用作介词时读作/baɪ/，用作副词时在句中重读。1[PREP 介词]由；被 If something is done by a person or thing, that person or thing does it. The feast was served by his mother and sisters...这顿美餐是他母亲和他的姐妹们准备的。I was amazed by their discourtesy and lack of professionalism...他们的无礼和不专业让我震惊。The town has been under attack by rebel groups for a week now.一周来，该镇一直受到叛军的袭击。2[PREP 介词]（图书、音乐、绘画等）由…（创作），出自 If you say that something such as a book, a piece of music, or a painting is by a particular person, you mean that this person wrote it or created it. ...a painting by Van Gogh...一幅凡·高的画'Jacob's Ladder', the newest film by Adrian Lyne, is a post-Vietnam horror story.阿德里安·莱恩的最新电影《雅各的天梯》讲的是一个发生在越战后的恐怖故事。Usage Note :When you are talking about the author of a book or play, the composer of a piece of music, or the painter of a painting, you say that the piece of work is by that person or is written or painted by him or her. ...three books by Michael Moorcock. ...a collection of piano pieces by Mozart. When you are talking about the person who has written you a letter or sent a message to you, you say that the letter or message is from that person. He received a message from Vito Corleone. 谈论一本书、一部戏、一首乐曲或一幅画的创作者时，用by表示：three books by Michael Moorcock（迈克尔·穆尔科克写的3本书），a collection of piano pieces by Mozart（莫扎特钢琴曲集）。谈论信件或信息的发出者时，用from表示：He received a message from Vito Corleone（他收到维托·科莱奥内捎来的信息）。3[PREP 介词]靠；用；凭 If you do something by a particular means, you do it using that thing. We'll be travelling by car.我们将开车旅行。...dinners by candlelight.烛光晚餐4[PREP 介词]通过，凭借（做某事） If you achieve one thing by doing another thing, your action enables you to achieve the first thing.   [PREP -ing]Make the sauce by boiling the cream and stock together in a pan...把奶油和高汤一起放在平底锅里熬煮来制作调味料。The all-female yacht crew made history by becoming the first to sail round the world...这艘游艇的船员为清一色的女性，她们进行了首次环球航行，创造了历史。By using the air ambulance to transport patients between hospitals, they can save up to £15,000 per patient.使用空中救护车在医院间运送病人，他们为每个病人节省的费用可达15,000英镑。5[PREP 介词]（用于短语中）由于，出于（偶然或意外） You use by in phrases such as 'by chance' or 'by accident' to indicate whether or not an event was planned. I met him by chance out walking yesterday...我昨天外出散步时碰巧遇见了他。He opened Ingrid's letter by mistake...他不小心拆了英格丽德的信。Whether by design or accident his timing was perfect.不管是计划好的还是巧合，他对时机的把握堪称完美。6[PREP 介词]就（本性、职业或出身）而言 If someone is a particular type of person by nature, by profession, or by birth, they are that type of person because of their nature, their profession, or the family they were born into.   [adj/n PREP n]I am certainly lucky to have a kind wife who is loving by nature...拥有一个天性仁爱的贤妻，我当然很幸运。She's a nurse by profession and now runs a counselling service for women...她的职业是护士，现在开办了一个妇女咨询中心。Her parents were in fact American by birth.她的父母在血统上其实是美国人。7[PREP 介词]根据，按照（法律或某种标准） If something must be done by law, it happens according to the law. If something is the case by particular standards, it is the case according to the standards. Pharmacists are required by law to give the medicine prescribed by the doctor.法律规定药剂师必须按照医生开的处方配药。...evening wear that was discreet by his standards.以他的标准来看相当朴素的晚礼服8[PREP 介词]说（某词语或某一番话） If you say what someone means by a particular word or expression, you are saying what they intend the word or expression to refer to. Stella knew what he meant by 'start again'...斯特拉知道他说“重来”是什么意思。'You're unbelievably lucky.' — 'What do you mean by that?'“你真是太幸运了。”——“你这话是什么意思？”9[PREP 介词]（用于表示抓住身体某部位或握住物体某部分） If you hold someone or something by a particular part of them, you hold that part. He caught her by the shoulder and turned her around...他抓住她的肩膀把她的身子转了过来。She was led by the arm to a small room at the far end of the corridor...她被拉着胳膊带到走廊另一头的一个小房间里。He picked up the photocopy by one corner and put it in his wallet.他拈着影印件的一角把它拿起来，放进了自己的钱包。10[PREP 介词]在…旁边；接近 Someone or something that is by something else is beside it and close to it.   [ADV after v]Judith was sitting in a rocking-chair by the window...朱迪丝正坐在窗户边的一张摇椅里。Felicity Maxwell stood by the bar and ordered a glass of wine...费利西蒂·马克斯韦尔站在吧台旁，要了一杯红酒。Emma was by the door.艾玛站在门旁。By is also an adverb.Large numbers of security police stood by.大批秘密警察站在一旁。11[PREP 介词]经过；经由 If a person or vehicle goes by you, they move past you without stopping.   [v PREP n]A few cars passed close by me...几辆车贴着我开过去。He kept walking and passed by me on his side of the street.他一直在街对面走着，并与街这边的我交错而过。By is also an adverb.The bomb went off as a police patrol went by.当一队巡警经过时，炸弹爆炸了。12[PREP 介词]在（某处停留） If you stop by a place, you visit it for a short time. We had made arrangements to stop by her house in Pacific Grove...我们已安排好去造访她位于帕西菲克格罗夫的家。Daddy called and asked me to drop by his office.爸爸打来电话让我去他办公室一趟。By is also an adverb.I'll stop by after dinner and we'll  have that talk.饭后我会过去坐一会儿，到时我们再谈。13[PREP 介词]在…时候；到…之前；不迟于 If something happens by a particular time, it happens at or before that time. By eight o'clock he had arrived at my hotel...到8点时，他已经到达我住的宾馆了。We all knew by then that the affair was practically over.到那时，我们都知道事情实际上已经结束了。14[PREP 介词]在（白天或夜晚） If you do something by day, you do it during the day. If you do it by night, you do it during the night. By day a woman could safely walk the streets, but at night the pavements became dangerous...白天的时候，妇女可以安全地在街上行走，而到了夜晚人行道上会变得很危险。She had no wish to hurry alone through the streets of London by night.她可不想独自在夜晚匆匆走过伦敦的街道。15[PREP 介词]（乘或除）以 In arithmetic, you use by before the second number in a multiplication or division sum.   [PREP num]...an apparent annual rate of 22.8 per cent (1.9 multiplied by 12)...22.8%的名义年率（1.9乘以12）230cm divided by 22cm is 10.45cm.230厘米除以22厘米等于10.45厘米。16[PREP 介词]乘（表示长乘宽得出的居室等的面积） You use by to talk about measurements of area. For example, if a room is twenty feet by fourteen feet, it measures twenty feet in one direction and fourteen feet in the other direction.   [PREP num]Three prisoners were sharing one small cell 3 metres by 2 metres.3个囚犯关在一个3米长2米宽的小牢房里。17[PREP 介词]（表示增减的幅度） If something increases or decreases by a particular amount, that amount is gained or lost.   [PREP amount]Violent crime has increased by 10 percent since last year...暴力犯罪自去年以来增加了10%。Their pay has been cut by one-third.他们薪水降低了1/3。18[PREP 介词]以…计；按…计 Things that are made or sold by the million or by the dozen are made or sold in those quantities.   [PREP the n]Parcels arrived by the dozen from America...包裹成打地从美国运来。Liberty fabrics, both for furnishing and for dressmaking, are sold by the metre.利伯蒂布按米出售，既可用作装饰又可作衣料。19[PREP 介词]（表示事物的逐渐变化） You use by in expressions such as 'minute by minute' and 'drop by drop' to talk about things that happen gradually, not all at once.   [n PREP n]His father began to lose his memory bit by bit, becoming increasingly forgetful.他的父亲开始一点点地失去记忆，变得越来越健忘。20[PHRASE 短语]独自；单独 If you are by yourself, you are alone.   [PHR after v]...a dark-haired man sitting by himself in a corner.一个独自坐在角落里的黑发男人21[PHRASE 短语]独立（完成某事） If you do something by yourself, you succeed in doing it without anyone helping you.   [PHR after v]I didn't know if I could raise a child by myself.我不知道自己是否能够独自养大一个孩子。

英语单词	by
英美音标	英 [baɪ] 美 [baɪ]
中文释义	prep.靠近；通过；被；经由；不迟于 adv.经过；在旁边；靠近
英语例句	(1) The house by the lake is a restaurant. (2) He entered by the back door. (3) The project was viewed favorably by the committee. (4) He hurried by and disappeared in the wood. (5) I always keep a bottle of wine by in case friends call round. (6) He lives near by.
中文例句	(1) 湖边的那座房子是家饭店。 (2) 他从后门进入。 (3) 那计划受到该委员会的好评。 (4) 他匆匆走过去，消失在森林里。 (5) 我平时总存着一瓶酒以备朋友来时喝。 (6) 他住在附近。
vocabulary简明	By means near, beside, or past. When your friend rides by on her bike, she passes close to you.
vocabulary扩展	Your dog might run by too fast for you to catch her and put her leash on, or you might ask your dad to drive by the house he lived in when he first met your mom. In both cases, by means "past," or "passing a particular point." A more old-fashioned way to use the word is to mean "aside" or "in reserve," as when your aunt puts some homemade pickles by so she can eat them all winter.
柯林斯解释	In addition to the uses shown below, by is used in phrasal verbs such as ‘abide by’, ‘put by’, and ‘stand by’. 除下列用法，by还可用于abide by, put by和 stand by等短语动词中。 The preposition is pronounced /baɪ/. The adverb is pronounced /'baɪ/. 用作介词时读作/baɪ/，用作副词时在句中重读。 1 [PREP 介词]由；被 If something is done by a person or thing, that person or thing does it. The feast was served by his mother and sisters... 这顿美餐是他母亲和他的姐妹们准备的。 I was amazed by their discourtesy and lack of professionalism... 他们的无礼和不专业让我震惊。 The town has been under attack by rebel groups for a week now. 一周来，该镇一直受到叛军的袭击。 2 [PREP 介词]（图书、音乐、绘画等）由…（创作），出自 If you say that something such as a book, a piece of music, or a painting is by a particular person, you mean that this person wrote it or created it. ...a painting by Van Gogh... 一幅凡·高的画 'Jacob's Ladder', the newest film by Adrian Lyne, is a post-Vietnam horror story. 阿德里安·莱恩的最新电影《雅各的天梯》讲的是一个发生在越战后的恐怖故事。 Usage Note : When you are talking about the author of a book or play, the composer of a piece of music, or the painter of a painting, you say that the piece of work is by that person or is written or painted by him or her. ...three books by Michael Moorcock. ...a collection of piano pieces by Mozart. When you are talking about the person who has written you a letter or sent a message to you, you say that the letter or message is from that person. He received a message from Vito Corleone. 谈论一本书、一部戏、一首乐曲或一幅画的创作者时，用by表示：three books by Michael Moorcock（迈克尔·穆尔科克写的3本书），a collection of piano pieces by Mozart（莫扎特钢琴曲集）。谈论信件或信息的发出者时，用from表示：He received a message from Vito Corleone（他收到维托·科莱奥内捎来的信息）。 3 [PREP 介词]靠；用；凭 If you do something by a particular means, you do it using that thing. We'll be travelling by car. 我们将开车旅行。 ...dinners by candlelight. 烛光晚餐 4 [PREP 介词]通过，凭借（做某事） If you achieve one thing by doing another thing, your action enables you to achieve the first thing. [PREP -ing] Make the sauce by boiling the cream and stock together in a pan... 把奶油和高汤一起放在平底锅里熬煮来制作调味料。 The all-female yacht crew made history by becoming the first to sail round the world... 这艘游艇的船员为清一色的女性，她们进行了首次环球航行，创造了历史。 By using the air ambulance to transport patients between hospitals, they can save up to £15,000 per patient. 使用空中救护车在医院间运送病人，他们为每个病人节省的费用可达15,000英镑。 5 [PREP 介词]（用于短语中）由于，出于（偶然或意外） You use by in phrases such as 'by chance' or 'by accident' to indicate whether or not an event was planned. I met him by chance out walking yesterday... 我昨天外出散步时碰巧遇见了他。 He opened Ingrid's letter by mistake... 他不小心拆了英格丽德的信。 Whether by design or accident his timing was perfect. 不管是计划好的还是巧合，他对时机的把握堪称完美。 6 [PREP 介词]就（本性、职业或出身）而言 If someone is a particular type of person by nature, by profession, or by birth, they are that type of person because of their nature, their profession, or the family they were born into. [adj/n PREP n] I am certainly lucky to have a kind wife who is loving by nature... 拥有一个天性仁爱的贤妻，我当然很幸运。 She's a nurse by profession and now runs a counselling service for women... 她的职业是护士，现在开办了一个妇女咨询中心。 Her parents were in fact American by birth. 她的父母在血统上其实是美国人。 7 [PREP 介词]根据，按照（法律或某种标准） If something must be done by law, it happens according to the law. If something is the case by particular standards, it is the case according to the standards. Pharmacists are required by law to give the medicine prescribed by the doctor. 法律规定药剂师必须按照医生开的处方配药。 ...evening wear that was discreet by his standards. 以他的标准来看相当朴素的晚礼服 8 [PREP 介词]说（某词语或某一番话） If you say what someone means by a particular word or expression, you are saying what they intend the word or expression to refer to. Stella knew what he meant by 'start again'... 斯特拉知道他说“重来”是什么意思。 'You're unbelievably lucky.' — 'What do you mean by that?' “你真是太幸运了。”——“你这话是什么意思？” 9 [PREP 介词]（用于表示抓住身体某部位或握住物体某部分） If you hold someone or something by a particular part of them, you hold that part. He caught her by the shoulder and turned her around... 他抓住她的肩膀把她的身子转了过来。 She was led by the arm to a small room at the far end of the corridor... 她被拉着胳膊带到走廊另一头的一个小房间里。 He picked up the photocopy by one corner and put it in his wallet. 他拈着影印件的一角把它拿起来，放进了自己的钱包。 10 [PREP 介词]在…旁边；接近 Someone or something that is by something else is beside it and close to it. [ADV after v] Judith was sitting in a rocking-chair by the window... 朱迪丝正坐在窗户边的一张摇椅里。 Felicity Maxwell stood by the bar and ordered a glass of wine... 费利西蒂·马克斯韦尔站在吧台旁，要了一杯红酒。 Emma was by the door. 艾玛站在门旁。 By is also an adverb. Large numbers of security police stood by. 大批秘密警察站在一旁。 11 [PREP 介词]经过；经由 If a person or vehicle goes by you, they move past you without stopping. [v PREP n] A few cars passed close by me... 几辆车贴着我开过去。 He kept walking and passed by me on his side of the street. 他一直在街对面走着，并与街这边的我交错而过。 By is also an adverb. The bomb went off as a police patrol went by. 当一队巡警经过时，炸弹爆炸了。 12 [PREP 介词]在（某处停留） If you stop by a place, you visit it for a short time. We had made arrangements to stop by her house in Pacific Grove... 我们已安排好去造访她位于帕西菲克格罗夫的家。 Daddy called and asked me to drop by his office. 爸爸打来电话让我去他办公室一趟。 By is also an adverb. I'll stop by after dinner and we'll have that talk. 饭后我会过去坐一会儿，到时我们再谈。 13 [PREP 介词]在…时候；到…之前；不迟于 If something happens by a particular time, it happens at or before that time. By eight o'clock he had arrived at my hotel... 到8点时，他已经到达我住的宾馆了。 We all knew by then that the affair was practically over. 到那时，我们都知道事情实际上已经结束了。 14 [PREP 介词]在（白天或夜晚） If you do something by day, you do it during the day. If you do it by night, you do it during the night. By day a woman could safely walk the streets, but at night the pavements became dangerous... 白天的时候，妇女可以安全地在街上行走，而到了夜晚人行道上会变得很危险。 She had no wish to hurry alone through the streets of London by night. 她可不想独自在夜晚匆匆走过伦敦的街道。 15 [PREP 介词]（乘或除）以 In arithmetic, you use by before the second number in a multiplication or division sum. [PREP num] ...an apparent annual rate of 22.8 per cent (1.9 multiplied by 12)... 22.8%的名义年率（1.9乘以12） 230cm divided by 22cm is 10.45cm. 230厘米除以22厘米等于10.45厘米。 16 [PREP 介词]乘（表示长乘宽得出的居室等的面积） You use by to talk about measurements of area. For example, if a room is twenty feet by fourteen feet, it measures twenty feet in one direction and fourteen feet in the other direction. [PREP num] Three prisoners were sharing one small cell 3 metres by 2 metres. 3个囚犯关在一个3米长2米宽的小牢房里。 17 [PREP 介词]（表示增减的幅度） If something increases or decreases by a particular amount, that amount is gained or lost. [PREP amount] Violent crime has increased by 10 percent since last year... 暴力犯罪自去年以来增加了10%。 Their pay has been cut by one-third. 他们薪水降低了1/3。 18 [PREP 介词]以…计；按…计 Things that are made or sold by the million or by the dozen are made or sold in those quantities. [PREP the n] Parcels arrived by the dozen from America... 包裹成打地从美国运来。 Liberty fabrics, both for furnishing and for dressmaking, are sold by the metre. 利伯蒂布按米出售，既可用作装饰又可作衣料。 19 [PREP 介词]（表示事物的逐渐变化） You use by in expressions such as 'minute by minute' and 'drop by drop' to talk about things that happen gradually, not all at once. [n PREP n] His father began to lose his memory bit by bit, becoming increasingly forgetful. 他的父亲开始一点点地失去记忆，变得越来越健忘。 20 [PHRASE 短语]独自；单独 If you are by yourself, you are alone. [PHR after v] ...a dark-haired man sitting by himself in a corner. 一个独自坐在角落里的黑发男人 21 [PHRASE 短语]独立（完成某事） If you do something by yourself, you succeed in doing it without anyone helping you. [PHR after v] I didn't know if I could raise a child by myself. 我不知道自己是否能够独自养大一个孩子。

Prep 介词 Person I [Prep Message Made N