This flashcard covers the word 'excluding', which functions as the present participle of 'exclude' (meaning to shut out, refuse, or expel) and also as a preposition, signifying 'not including' or 'apart from'.
这张闪卡教授了单词‘excluding’的用法，既可以作为动词‘exclude’的现在分词，表示‘排除’、‘拒绝’或‘驱逐’，也可以作为介词，表示‘除…外’或‘不包括’。
| 单词 | excluding |
|---|---|
| 音标 | [ɪkˈsklu:dɪŋ] [] |
| 释义 | v.["排除，拒绝( exclude的现在分词)","驱逐"] prep.["除…外，不包括"] |
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