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Mantle Islands Upper Evidence Fact Volcanic Rocks Oceanic

en The best evidence for the layered mantle thesis is the well-established fact that volcanic rocks found on oceanic islands, islands believed to result from mantle plumes arising from the lower mantle, are composed of material fundamentally different from that of the midocean ridge system, whose source, most geologists contend, is the upper mantle.
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意群训练: The best evidence for the layered mantle thesis is the well-established fact that volcanic rocks found on oceanic islands , islands believed to result from mantle plumes arising from the lower mantle , are composed of material fundamentally different from that of the midocean ridge system , whose source , most geologists contend , is the upper mantle .

mark

标志: The best evidence /for the layered mantle thesis/ is the well-established fact {that volcanic rocks (found on oceanic islands, islands believed to result from mantle plumes arising from the lower mantle ), are composed /of material [fundamentally different from that of the midocean ridge system, (whose source , most geologists contend , is the upper mantle )]}.

cn

译文: /对于地幔分层论来说,/最好的证据就 这样的一个确凿的事实 ,{即(在海洋上的岛屿——即人们相信是产生于从下层地幔中升起来的地幔柱的那些岛屿 ——上发现的)火山岩石 是形成 /于一些这样的材料, [此材料从根本上不同于构成中部海脊的材料,(而中部海脊的来源很多地质学家论辩道 上层地幔 )]}。

explain

解释: 本句前面的主干并不算难,即the evidence is the fact that,难就难在fact之后说明fact的同位语从句。此从句中既有大段插入语,又有从句,较为难读。同位语从句的主语是volcanic rocks ,主语后面的found on oceanic islands是分词修饰volcanic rocks的;islands后面又有一个说明islands的同位语islands believed to result from mantle plumes arising from the lower mantle ,此同位语实际起到了一个分隔主谓的同位语的作用。其后是谓语动词are composed /of以及of的宾语material ,然后是修饰material并包含了一个定语从句的长长的定语[fundamentally different from that of the midocean ridge system, (whose source , most geologists contend , is the upper mantle .)]。

句中有一些专有词汇。如果抛开文章不说,单看这一个句子,则句首的layered mantle thesis就难以理解。但是如果读者能够读懂句子的大致意思,看到layered mantle thesis的最有力证据就是其材料fundamentally different from...the upper mantle,这应该可以推测出,既然不同于上层地幔,则这个理论一定是在说地幔有不同的层面。

type 复杂修饰+插入语
score 5

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