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Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary pa·tri·arch \\ˈpā-trē-ˌärk\\ noun ETYMOLOGY Middle English patriarche, from Anglo-French, from Late Latin patriarcha, from Greek patriarchēs, from patrialineage (from patr-, patēr father) + -archēs -arch — more at father DATE 13th century 1. a. one of the scriptural fathers of the human race or of the Hebrew people b. a man who is father or founder c. (1) the oldest member or representative of a group (2) a venerable old man d. a man who is head of a patriarchy 2. a. any of the bishops of the ancient or Eastern Orthodox sees of Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem or the ancient and Western see of Rome with authority over other bishops b. the head of any of various Eastern churches c. a Roman Catholic bishop next in rank to the pope with purely titular or with metropolitan jurisdiction 3. a Mormon of the Melchizedek priesthood empowered to perform the ordinances of the church and pronounce blessings within a stake or prescribed jurisdiction English Etymology patriarch late 12c., from O.Fr . patriarche "one of the Old Testament fathers" (11c.), from L.L. patriarcha (Tertullian), from Gk.patriarches "chief or head of a family," from patria "family, clan," from pater "father" + archein "to rule." Also used as an honorific title of certain bishops in the early Church, notably those of Antioch, Alexandria, and Rome.http://O.Fr Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary-牛津双解-OALD7 patriarch patri·arch / 5peitriB:k; NAmE -B:rk / noun1. the male head of a family or community (男性)家长,族长,酋长 ⇨ compare matriarch 2. an old man that people have a lot of respect for 德高望重的男长者 3. Patriarch the title of a most senior bishop (= a senior priest) in the Orthodox or Roman Catholic Church (东正教和天主教的)牧首,宗主教 Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged pa·tri·arch \ˈpā.trēˌärk, -ˌȧk\ noun (-s) Etymology: Middle English patriark, from Old French patriarche, from Late Latin patriarcha, from Greek patriarchēs, from patria lineage, descent, clan, family (from patr-, patēr father) + -archēs -arch — more at father 1. a. : one of the Scriptural fathers of the human race or of the Hebrew people; specifically : one of a group comprising Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and the twelve sons of Jacob b. : a man regarded as father or founder (as of a race, science, religion, or class of men) < became one of the great cattlemen of the West, and sheepmen of a later day referred to him as the patriarch of their industry — H.J.Peterson > c. (1) : the oldest member or representative of a group < a bullfrog, the patriarch of the swamp, blew suddenly on his mighty tuba, “jug-o-rum” — Springfield (Massachusetts) Union > < the cypress of the eastern river courses, growing to heights of 150 feet or more, is the patriarch of native trees, going back to the time of the dinosaur — American Guide Series: Texas > (2) : a venerable old man : elder , veteran < was a whiskered patriarch, spry for his age — Frank Sullivan > < consultations with the party patriarchs — W.S.White > 2. a. (1) : any of the bishops of the ancient or Eastern Orthodox sees of Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem or the ancient and Western see of Rome with authority over other bishops (2) : the spiritual head of any of various Eastern churches either autocephalous (as the Russian Orthodox Church) or no longer in communion with the ecumenical patriarch of Constantinople and the Eastern Orthodox Church (as the Syrian or Coptic churches) b. : an ecclesiastical dignitary next in rank to the pope: (1) : a Roman Catholic bishop with purely titular or with metropolitan jurisdiction (2) : the active ecclesiastical head of a Uniate body 3. : the head or president of the Sanhedrin in Palestine; sometimes: the head of the Jewish college at Babylon 4. : one of the Melchizedek priesthood in the Mormon church empowered to perform the ordinances of the church and to invoke and pronounce blessings within a stake or other prescribed jurisdiction 5. : a dark reddish purple that is bluer and stronger than amaranth, auricula purple, or raisin purple |
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