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Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary econ·o·my
(plural -mies) ETYMOLOGY Middle French yconomie, from Medieval Latin oeconomia, from Greek oikonomia, from oikonomos household manager, from oikos house + nemein to manage — more at vicinity , nimble DATE 15th century 1. archaic : the management of household or private affairs and especially expenses 2. a. thrifty and efficient use of material resources : frugality in expenditures; also : an instance or a means of economizing : saving b. efficient and concise use of nonmaterial resources (as effort, language, or motion) 3. a. the arrangement or mode of operation of something : organization b. a system especially of interaction and exchange an economy of information 4. the structure or conditions of economic life in a country, area, or period; also : an economic system
adjective DATE circa 1906 : designed to save money economy cars English Etymology economy 1. economy (n.) c.1530, "household management," from L.oeconomia, from Gk. oikonomia "household management," from oikonomos "manager, steward," from oikos "house" (cognatewith L. vicus "district," vicinus "near;" O.E. wic "dwelling, village;" see villa) + nomos "managing," from nemein "manage" (see numismatics). The sense of "wealth and resources of a country" (short for political economy) is from 1650s. 2. economy (adj.) as a term in advertising, at first meant simply "cheaper" (1821), then "bigger and thus cheaper per unit or amount" (1950). See economy (n.). Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary-牛津双解-OALD7 ☞ economy econ·omy / i5kCnEmi; NAmE i5kB:n- / noun(pl. -ies) 1. (often the economy) [C] the relationship between production, trade and the supply of money in a particular country or region 经济；经济情况；经济结构: The economy is in recession. 经济处于衰退之中。 the world economy 世界经济 a market economy (= six in which the price is fixed according to both cost and demand) 市场经济 2. [C] a country, when you are thinking about its economic system (就经济体制而言)国家；经济制度: Ireland was six of the fastest-growing economies in Western Europe in the 1990s. 在 20 世纪 90 年代爱尔兰是西欧经济发展最快的国家之一。 3. [C, U] the use of the time, money, etc. that is available in a way that avoids waste 节约；节省；节俭: We need to make substantial economies. 我们需要厉行节约。 It's a false economy to buy cheap clothes (= it seems cheaper but it is not really since they do not last very long). 买便宜衣服实际上划不来。 She writes with a great economy of words (= using only the necessary words). 她写作文字非常简炼。 (BrE) We're on an economy drive at home (= trying to avoid waste and spend as little money as possible). 我们正在家里实行勤俭节约。 Buy the large economy pack (= the six that gives you better value for money) ! 买这大包的实惠装吧！ to fly economy (class) (= by the cheapest class of air travel) 乘坐经济舱 an economy fare (= the cheapest) 经济舱票价 Oxford Collocations Dictionary for Students of English economy noun 1 operation of a country's money supply ADJ. booming, buoyant, dynamic, healthy, sound, stable, strong | ailing, depressed, flagging, fragile, stagnant, weak The government devalued the currency to try to revive the flagging economy. | advanced, developed, modern | agrarian, agricultural, capitalist, industrial, liberal, market, mixed, monetary, planned, rural, service-based, socialist a modern industrial economy | domestic, global, internal, international, local, national, world the increasingly competitive global economy | black, informal, underground The black economy booms when there is high unemployment. VERB + ECONOMY build, rebuild Each party has its own strategy for building a strong economy. | control, handle, manage, manipulate, operate, regulate, run The government was accused of failing to run the economy competently. | boost, develop, expand, help, improve, kick-start, reinvigorate, rescue, revive, stabilize, stimulate, strengthen | liberalize | damage, harm, weaken, wreck ECONOMY + VERB develop, expand, flourish, grow | be in/go into recession, collapse, contract, fail, slow, stagnate | pick up, recover, stabilize PHRASES an area/a sector of the economy Transport workers are employed in all sectors of the economy. | the backbone/mainstay of the economy Agriculture was the backbone of the economy. | growth in/of the economy A small manufacturing sector inhibits growth in the economy. | control/handling/management of the economy 37% approved the president's handling of the economy. | the size of the economy, the state of the economy The government has been criticized over the state of the economy. • Special page at Special page-BUSINESS 2 careful use of money/time/resources ADJ. important, major, significant | false Buying cheap shoes is a false economy. VERB + ECONOMY achieve, make We could achieve major economies in time with this new machinery. ECONOMY + NOUN drive Savings are being planned as part of a huge economy drive. PREP. ~ in possible economies in telephone costs PHRASES economy of effort/movement It was impressive to see her economy of movement as she worked the machine. | economy of scale Large firms can benefit from economies of scale. Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged econ·o·my I. \ēˈkänəmē, ə̇ˈ-, -mi\ noun (-es) Usage: often attributive Etymology: alteration (influenced by such forms as Medieval Latin economus steward, from Late Latin oeconomus, from Greek oikonomos) of earlier yconomie, from Middle French, from Medieval Latin oeconomia, from Greek oikonomia, from oikonomos steward (from oikos house + -nomos manager, from nemein to distribute, manage) + -ia -y — more at vicinity , nimble 1. a. obsolete : an art of managing a household b. archaic : the management of the affairs of a group, community, or establishment with a view to insuring its maintenance or productiveness c. : God's plan or system for the government of the world < the Incarnation would be no accident in the divine economy — P.E.More > also : a special divine dispensation suited to the needs of a nation or period d. : the management of a person's household or private affairs 2. a. : thrifty or economical use or administration of material resources : frugality in expenditures sometimes verging on parsimony < the great cathedrals after 1200 show economy, and sometimes worse — Henry Adams > also : an instance or a means of economizing : saving < a small economy if achieved at the expense of quality > b. (1) : cautious, selective, or partial exposition of facts or principles especially to avoid causing displeasure — used chiefly in the phrase economy of truth < either suffering from a lapse of memory or practicing an official economy of truth — Times Literary Supplement > (2) : the efficient and sparing use of nonmaterial resources < economy of effort > < economy of motion > : the reduction to a minimum of the steps or processes required to achieve some end or reach some conclusion (as in logical reasoning); also : the saving achieved thereby (3) : conciseness in verbal or artistic expression : elimination of all unnecessary details so as to produce the maximum artistic effect < every device of economy known to musical expression — Virgil Thomson > < the incidents are treated with dramatic economy — Hector Chevigny > 3. a. : the system of arrangement or mode of operation or functioning of anything : organization < the individual's psychic economy > < the place of the university in the educational economy of the state > b. (1) : the natural ordering or system of operation of the processes of anabolism and catabolism in living bodies < the economy of the cell > (2) : the body of an animal or plant as an organized whole < disorganizing wide segments of the body economy — Leonard Engel > 4. a. : the structure of economic life in a country or area : an economic system < the economy was rising to new peaks of production and employment — F.B.Wilde > also : a segment of an economic system < sweeping changes in our farm economy > b. : a particular type of economic system or stage of economic development < a money economy > < a pastoral economy > Synonyms: see system II. adjective : designed to save money < economy cars > |
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