| Title | grave | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Text |
Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary grave
ETYMOLOGY Middle English, from Old English grafan; akin to Old High German graban to dig, Old Church Slavic pogreti to bury DATE before 12th century 1. archaic : dig , excavate 2. a. to carve or shape with a chisel : sculpture b. to carve or cut (as letters or figures) into a hard surface : engrave 3. to impress or fix (as a thought) deeply
grave noun ETYMOLOGY Middle English, from Old English græf; akin to Old High German grab grave, Old English grafan to dig DATE before 12th century 1. an excavation for burial of a body; broadly : a burial place 2. a. death 1a b. death 4
grave transitive verb (graved ; grav·ing) ETYMOLOGY Middle English graven DATE 15th century : to clean and pay with pitch grave a ship's bottom
(grav·er ; grav·est) ETYMOLOGY Middle French, from Latin gravis heavy, grave — more at grieve DATE 1539 1. a. obsolete : authoritative , weighty b. meriting serious consideration : important grave problems c. likely to produce great harm or danger a grave mistake d. significantly serious : considerable , great grave importance 2. having a serious and dignified quality or demeanor a grave and thoughtful look 3. drab in color : somber 4. low-pitched in sound 5. a. of an accent mark : having the form ` b. marked with a grave accent c. of the variety indicated by a grave accent Synonyms: see serious • grave·ly adverb • grave·ness noun
DATE 1609 : a grave accent ` used to show that a vowel is pronounced with a fall of pitch (as in ancient Greek), that a vowel has a certain quality (as è in French), that a final e is stressed and close and that a final o is stressed and low (as in Italian), that a syllable has a degree of stress between maximum and minimum (as in phonetic transcription), or that the e of the English ending -ed is to be pronounced (as in “this cursèd day”)
ETYMOLOGY Italian, literally, grave, from Latin gravis DATE 1683 : slowly and solemnly — used as a direction in music English Etymology grave 1. grave (n.) O.E. græf "grave, ditch," from P.Gmc. *graban (cf.O.S. graf, O.Fris. gref, O.H.G. grab "grave, tomb;" O.N. gröf"cave," Goth. graba "ditch"), from PIE base *ghrebh-/*ghrobh- "to dig, to scratch, to scrape" (cf. O.C.S. grobu "grave, tomb"); related to grafan "to dig" (see grave (v.)). From Middle Ages to 17c., they were temporary, crudely marked repositories from which the bones were removed to ossuaries after some years and the grave used for a fresh burial. "Perpetual graves" became common from c.1650. To make (someone) turn in his grave "behave in some way that would have offended the dead person" is first recorded 1888. Graveyard shift "late-night work" is c.1907, from earlier nautical term, in reference to the loneliness of after-hours work. 2. grave (adj.) 1540s, from M.Fr . grave, from L. gravis "weighty, serious, heavy," from PIE base *gru- (cf. Skt. guruh "heavy, weighty;" Gk. baros "weight," barys "heavy in weight," often with the notion of "strength, force;" Goth. kaurus "heavy"). Greek barys(opposed to kouphos) also was used figuratively, of suffering, sorrow, sobbing, and could mean "oppressive, burdensome, grave, dignified, impressive."http://M.Fr 3. grave (v.) O.E. grafan (p.t. grof, pp. grafen) "to dig, carve," from P.Gmc. *grabanan (cf. O.N. grafa, O.Fris. greva, O.H.G. graban,Goth. graban "to dig, carve"), from the same source as grave (n.). Its M.E. strong pp., graven, is the only part still active, the rest of the word supplanted by its derivative, engrave. Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary-牛津双解-OALD7 ☞ grave grave¹ / ^reiv / ⇨ see also grave ²noun1. a place in the ground where a dead person is buried 坟墓；墓穴；坟头: We visited Grandma's grave. 我们给祖母扫了墓。 There were flowers on the grave. 坟上有些花。 2. [sing.] (often the grave) (usually literary) death; a person's death 死亡；去世；逝世: Is there life beyond the grave (= life after death) ? 人死后有来生吗？ He followed her to the grave (= died soon after her). 他紧跟着她离开了人世。 She smoked herself into an early grave (= died young as a result of smoking). 她因抽烟而早逝。 IDIOMS ▪ turn in his / her 'grave (BrE) (NAmE roll in his / her 'grave) (of a person who is dead 亡者) likely to be very shocked or angry 九泉之下不得安宁: My father would turn in his grave if he knew. 我父亲知道的话在九泉之下也会不得安宁的。 ⇨ more at cradle n., dig v., foot n. adjective(graver, grav·est) (formal) 1. (of situations, feelings, etc. 形势、感情等) very serious and important; giving you a reason to feel worried 严重的；重大的；严峻的；深切的: The police have expressed grave concern about the missing child's safety. 警方对失踪孩子的安全深表关注。 The consequences will be very grave if nothing is done. 如果不采取任何措施后果将会是非常严重的。 We were in grave danger. 我们处于极大的危险之中。 2. (of people 人) serious in manner, as if sth sad, important or worrying has just happened 严肃的；庄严的；表情沉重的: He looked very grave as he entered the room. 他进屋时表情非常严肃。 ⇨ see also gravity (3) ⇨ note at serious • grave·ly adv.: She is gravely ill. 她病得很重。 Local people are gravely concerned. 当地人都深感不安。 He nodded gravely as I poured out my troubles. 我倾诉我的苦恼时他心情沉重地点了点头。 grave² / ^rB:v / (also 7grave 'accent) noun a mark placed over a vowel in some languages to show how it should be pronounced, as over the e in the French word père 钝重音符；沉音符；抑音符 ⇨ compare acute accent , circumflex , tilde , umlaut ⇨ see also grave ¹Oxford Collocations Dictionary for Students of English grave noun ADJ. deep, shallow The body was found in a shallow grave in a nearby wood. | open The mourners threw flowers into the open grave. | freshly-dug | unmarked His body is buried in an unmarked grave. | mass A mass grave has been discovered in a wood outside the village. | watery He rescued her from a watery grave (= saved her from drowning). VERB + GRAVE dig | mark The grave was marked by a simple headstone. | desecrate Some of the graves have been desecrated by vandals. PREP. beyond the ~ The old lady still influences the family from beyond the grave. | in a/the ~ I'll be in my grave by the time that happens! | on a/the ~ She puts fresh flowers on her husband's grave every Sunday. Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Thesaurus-11th Edition n. Function: noun a place of interment FF1C;his grave is in the church burial groundFF1E; Synonyms: burial, ||pit, sepulcher, sepulture, tomb Related Words: catacomb, crypt, vault; mausoleum; ossuary; cinerarium Idioms: final resting place n. Function: verb 1 Synonyms: ENGRAVE 1, etch, incise 2 Synonyms: IMPRESS 3, drive, hammer, pound, stampn. Function: adjective 1 Synonyms: SERIOUS 2, heavy, severe, weighty 2 Synonyms: SERIOUS 1, earnest, no-nonsense, sedate, sober, sobersided, solemn, somber, staid, weighty Related Words: heavy, ponderous; grim, sad, saturnine; awful, dreadful, horrible, terrible Contrasted Words: flippant, light, light-minded Antonyms: gay 3 involving marked risk of impairment or destruction FF1C;a graveillnessFF1E; Synonyms: dangerous, fell, grievous, major, serious, ugly; compare DANGEROUS 1 Related Words: deadly, destructive, dire, fatal, killing, murderous; frightening, ghastly, terrible; afflictive, severe Contrasted Words: paltry, petty, trivial; harmless, innocuous; temporary, transitory Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged Search result show the entry is found in: pan grave , or passage grave , or shaft grave , or aes grave , or cist grave , or grave blanket , or grave box , or grave goods , or grave marker , or grave mixture , or grave plant , or grave-post , or grave robber , or grave wax , or grimes' gravegrave I. grave \ˈgrāv\ verb (graved \-vd\ ; grav·en \-vən\ ; or graved ; graving ; graves) Etymology: Middle English graven, from Old English grafan; akin to Old High German & Gothic graban to dig, Old Norse grafa, Old Slavic pogreti to bury transitive verb 1. archaic : dig , excavate 2. a. : to carve out or give shape to by cutting with a chisel : sculpture < they graved the figure of a calf > b. : to carve or cut (as letters or figures) on some hard substance : engrave < graved the date of his death on the blank space on the stone > c. : to remove (some portion of a printing surface) by cutting (as with a burin) — used with out < grave out the redundant comma > 3. : to impress (as a thought) deeply : fix indelibly < you could do worse than grave his noble words in your mind > intransitive verb 1. archaic : excavate , dig 2. a. : carve 2 b. : to practice engraving II. grave noun (-s) Etymology: Middle English, from Old English græf; akin to Old High German grab grave, Old Norse gröf; derivatives, from the root of Old English grafan to dig 1. a. : an excavation in the earth for use as a place of burial; broadly: a place of interment : tomb , sepulcher b. : a final ending (as by death or destruction) < the grave comes to all men > < the grave of all our hopes > 2. a. obsolete : an excavated pit, ditch, or trench b. now dialect England : a storage clamp; especially : one dug partly into the ground III. grave noun (-s) Etymology: Middle English, from Middle Dutch grāve, grēve — more at burgrave 1. obsolete : steward , overseer 2. : a former elective township officer in Yorkshire and Lincolnshire, England IV. grave transitive verb (-ed/-ing/-s) Etymology: Middle English graven : to clean (the bottom of a wooden ship) of encrusting growths and treat with pitch — see graving dock V. grave \“, in sense 6 “ or ˈgräv or ˈgrȧv\ adjective (-er/-est) Etymology: Middle French, from Latin gravis heavy — more at grieve 1. a. obsolete, of a person : occupying a position of consequence and dignity b. obsolete : based on knowledge and understanding : authoritative c. : deserving serious consideration or thought : important , weighty < a grave issue > d. (1) : involving or resulting in serious consequences : likely to produce real harm or damage < a grave wrong > < ran a very grave risk > (2) : very serious : dangerous to life — used of an illness or its prospects < a grave disease > < a grave prognosis > 2. : having a serious, sedate, and dignified appearance or demeanor < watching his grave face > < a grave man little given to anger > 3. archaic : of great weight : heavy 4. : dull in color : somber , sober , drab < the grave plain dress of the countryfolk > 5. of a sound : low in pitch — contrasted with acute 6. a. of an accent mark : having the form ` b. : marked with a grave accent < a grave e in caffè > c. : of the variety indicated by a grave accent < a grave intonation > Synonyms: see serious VI. grave \ˈgrāv, -ä-, -ȧ-\ noun (-s) : a grave accent ` used to show that a vowel is pronounced with a fall of pitch (as in ancient Greek), that a vowel has a certain quality (as over e in French), that a final e is stressed and close and that a final o is stressed and open (as in Italian), that a syllable has a degree of stress between maximum and minimum (as in phonetic transcription), or that the e of the English ending -ed is in a line of poetry not silent but is to be pronounced \ə̇\ for the sake of the meter (as in “this cursèd day”) VII. gra·ve \ˈgrä(ˌ)vā, -rȧ(-\ adverb (or adjective) Etymology: Italian, heavy, grave, from Latin gravis : slowly and solemnly — used as a direction in music |
Learn with these flashcards. Click next, previous, or up to navigate to more flashcards for this subject.
Next card: Noun an instrument go·ni·om·e·ter measuring angles direction finder
Previous card: Gravid adjective eggs a from merriam-webster's collegiate grav·id
Up to card list: English learning