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Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary hu·man·ism DATE 1832 1. a. devotion to the humanities : literary culture b. the revival of classical letters, individualistic and critical spirit, and emphasis on secular concerns characteristic of the Renaissance 2. humanitarianism 3. a doctrine, attitude, or way of life centered on human interests or values; especially : a philosophy that usually rejects supernaturalism and stresses an individual's dignity and worth and capacity for self-realization through reason English Etymology humanism along with humanist used in a variety of philosophical and theological senses 16c.-18c., especially ones imitating L.humanitas "education befitting a cultivated man." Main modern sense traces to c.1860; as a pragmatic system of thought, defined 1907 by co-founder F.C.S. Schiller as: "The perception that the philosophical problem concerns human beings striving to comprehend a world of human experience by the resources of human minds." Humanist is from Fr. humaniste, from It.umanista, coined by It. poet Lodovicio Ariosto (1474-1533) "student of human affairs or human nature." Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary-牛津双解-OALD7 humanism hu·man·ism / 5hju:mEnizEm / noun[U] a system of thought that considers that solving human problems with the help of reason is more important than religious beliefs. It emphasizes the fact that the basic nature of humans is good. 人文主义 • hu·man·is·tic / 7hju:mE5nistik / adj.: humanistic ideals 人文主义理想 Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged Search result show the entry is found in: integral humanism , or neo-humanism , or new humanism , or religious humanism , or classical humanismhu·man·ism \ˈ(h)yüməˌnizəm\ noun (-s) Etymology: human (I) + -ism; in some senses probably from French humanisme or German humanismus 1. a. : devotion to the humanities : literary culture b. often capitalized : the learning or cultural impulse that is characterized by a revival of classical letters, an individualistic and critical spirit, and a shift of emphasis from religious to secular concerns and that flowered during the Renaissance 2. : devotion to human welfare : interest in or concern for man : humanity , humanitarianism < born in a city tenement, he early acquired the kind of humanismthat is humanitarian — Donald Davidson > < wrote that medicine was a social science and urged doctors to participate in the battles of humanism — B.J.Stern > 3. : a doctrine, set of attitudes, or way of life centered upon human interests or values: as a. : a philosophy that rejects supernaturalism, regards man as a natural object, and asserts the essential dignity and worth of man and his capacity to achieve self-realization through the use of reason and scientific method — called also naturalistic humanism, scientific humanism; compare instrumentalism , pragmatism b. often capitalized : a religion subscribing to these beliefs :religious humanism c. : a philosophy advocating the self-fulfillment of man within the framework of Christian principles — called also Christian humanism; see integral humanism 4. : new humanism |
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