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Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary in·de·pen·dent
DATE 1611 1. not dependent: as a. (1) not subject to control by others : self-governing (2) not affiliated with a larger controlling unit an independent bookstore b. (1) not requiring or relying on something else : not contingent an independent conclusion (2) not looking to others for one's opinions or for guidance in conduct (3) not bound by or committed to a political party c. (1) not requiring or relying on others (as for care or livelihood) independent of her parents (2) being enough to free one from the necessity of working for a living a person of independent means d. showing a desire for freedom an independent manner e. (1) not determined by or capable of being deduced or derived from or expressed in terms of members (as axioms or equations) of the set under consideration; especially : having linear independence an independent set of vectors (2) having the property that the joint probability (as of events or samples) or the joint probability density function (as of random variables) equals the product of the probabilities or probability density functions of separate occurrence 2. capitalized : of or relating to the Independents 3. a. main 5 an independent clause b. neither deducible from nor incompatible with another statement independent postulates Synonyms: see free • in·de·pen·dent·ly adverb
noun DATE 1644 1. capitalized : a sectarian of an English religious movement for congregational autonomy originating in the late 16th century, giving rise to Congregationalists, Baptists, and Friends, and forming one of the major political groupings of the period of Cromwell 2. one that is independent; especially often capitalized : one that is not bound by or definitively committed to a political party English Etymology independent 1610s, from in- "not" + dependent (q.v.). Fr. independant is attested from c.1600; It. independente from 1590s. Noun meaning "person not acting as part of a political party" is from 1808. Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary-牛津双解-OALD7 ☞ independent in·de·pend·ent / 7indi5pendEnt / adjectiveCOUNTRY 国家 1. ~ (from / of sth) (of countries 国家) having their own government 独立的;自主的;自治的 SYN self-governing :
Mozambique became independent in 1975. 莫桑比克于 1975 年获得独立。 SEPARATE 分开 2. done or given by sb who is not involved in a situation and so is able to judge it fairly 不相干的人所做的(或提供的);公正的;无偏见的: an independent inquiry / witness 独立的调查;无偏见的证人 She went to a lawyer for some independent advice. 她去找了一位律师寻求独立意见。 3. ~ (of sb / sth) not connected with or influenced by sth; not connected with each other 不相关的;不受影响的;无关联的: The police force should be independent of direct government control. 警方应该不受政府的直接控制。 Two independent research bodies reached the same conclusions. 两个彼此不相关的研究部门得出了同样的结论。 ORGANIZATION 机构 4. supported by private money rather than government money 私营的;独立: independent television / schools 私营电视台;私立学校 the independent sector 私营部门 PERSON 人 5. ~ (of sb / sth) confident and free to do things without needing help from other people 自主的;有主见的: Going away to college has made me much more independent. 离家上大学使我变得独立自主得多。 She's a very independent-minded young woman. 她是个很有主见的年轻女子。 Students should aim to become more independent of their teachers. 学生应该努力逐渐减少对老师的依赖。 OPP dependent 6. ~ (of sb / sth) having or earning enough money so that you do not have to rely on sb else for help 自立的;自食其力的: It was important to me to be financially independent of my parents. 在经济上不依赖父母,这对我很重要。 a man of independent means (= with an income that he does not earn by working) 无需工作便可衣食无忧的人 OPP dependent POLITICIAN 从政者 7. not representing or belonging to a particular political party 无党派的;独立的: an independent candidate 独立候选人 • in·de·pend·ent·ly adv. ~ (of sb / sth) The two departments work independently of each other. 这两个部门独立运作。 It was the first time that she had lived independently. 那是她第一次独立生活。 noun (abbr. Ind.) a member of parliament, candidate, etc. who does not belong to a particular political party 无党派议员(或候选人等) Oxford Collocations Dictionary for Students of English independent adj. 1 not needing other people VERBS be, feel, seem | become | remain | make sb Travelling in Asia has made her a lot more independent. ADV. fiercely, sturdily, very Many disabled people are fiercely independent. | completely | fairly, pretty, quite | economically, financially PREP. of By the age of eighteen he was completely independent of his parents. 2 not influenced or controlled by anyone else VERBS be | become | remain | make sth | declare sth In 1961 the country was declared independent. ADV. completely, entirely, fully, genuinely, quite, totally, truly, wholly | almost, fairly, largely, virtually | increasingly | effectively, essentially The country has pursued an effectively independent line on military issues. | nominally, supposedly | newly newly independent countries | politically PREP. from The country became fully independent from France in 1960. | of an organization that is independent of the government Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Thesaurus-11th Edition n. Function: adjective 1 Synonyms: FREE 1, autarchic, autarkic, autonomous, separate, sovereign 2 Synonyms: SELF-SUFFICIENT , closed, self-centered, self-contained, self-sufficing, self-supported, self-supporting, self-sustained, self-sustaining Antonyms: dependent Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged in·de·pen·dent I. \| ̷ ̷ ̷ ̷| ̷ ̷dənt\ adjective Etymology: in- (I) + dependent 1. : not dependent: as a. (1) : not subject to control by others : not subordinate : self-governing , autonomous , free < an independent nation > < was independent of outside control > (2) : not affiliated with or integrated into a larger controlling unit (as a business unit) < an independent retail store > (3) : originating from outside a given unit (as a business unit) < the corporation hired independent auditors to check its books > or made by individuals from outside a given unit < an independent audit > b. (1) : not requiring or relying on something else (as for existence, operation, efficiency) : not contingent : not conditioned < an independent conclusion > < independent action > < two effects that are quite independent of each other > (2) : being or acting free of the influence of something else < an independent witness > < conducting an independent investigation > (3) : not looking to others for one's opinions or for the guidance of one's conduct : not biased by others : acting or thinking freely or disposed to act or think freely < an independent mind > < leading an independent life > < an independent journal of opinion > (4) : not bound by or committed definitively to a political party :exercising a totally free political choice < an independent voter > c. (1) : not requiring or relying on others (as for support, supplies, a livelihood) < was altogether independent of the praise or condemnation of others > < an independent source of revenue > < the job made him independent of his parents > (2) : not needing to work for a living : having a competence < spent most of his time traveling idly about, having been independent for years > (3) : that is enough to free from the necessity of working for a living : making up a competence < a gentleman of independent means > d. (1) : refusing to look to others for help : disliking or refusing to accept assistance or to be under obligation to others < too independent to accept charity > (2) : showing a desire for or love of freedom and absence of constraint : marked by impatience with or annoyance at restriction < a bold and independent manner of acting > < had an independent air about her > 2. usually capitalized : of, relating to, or holding the doctrines of the Independents < an Independent church > 3. a. : main 6 < an independent clause > b. : isolative — used of sound change c. : that is neither derivable from nor incompatible with another statement < an independent proposition in logic > Synonyms: see free II. noun 1. usually capitalized : an adherent of Independency 2. : one that is independent < free-lance artists and other independents > < large corporations and the smaller independents > especially : one that is not bound by or definitively committed to a political party < one third of the voters classify themselves as independents — E.S.Griffith > III. adjective 1. : having linear independence < an independent set of vectors > 2. : having the property that the joint probability (as of events or samples) or the joint probability density function (as of random variables) equals the product of the probabilities or probability density functions of separate occurrence |
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