Optimism Doctrine Noun World Good Latin Op·Ti·Mism Optimum

op·ti·mism
\\ˈäp-tə-ˌmi-zəm\\ noun1. a doctrine that this world is the best possible world
2. an inclination to put the most favorable construction upon actions and events or to anticipate the best possible outcome
• op·ti·mist \\-mist\\ noun
• op·ti·mis·tic \\ˌäp-tə-ˈmis-tik\\ adjective
• op·ti·mis·ti·cal·ly \\-ti-k(ə-)lē\\ adverb

optimism
  1782, from Fr. optimisme (1737), from Mod.L. optimum, used by Leibnitz (in Théodicée, 1710) to mean "the greatest good," from L. optimus "the best" (see optimum). The doctrine holds that the actual world is the "best of all possible worlds," in which the creator accomplishes the most good at the cost of the least evil."En termes de l'art, il l'appelle la raison du meilleur ou plus savamment encore, et Theologiquement autant que Géométriquement, le systême de l'Optimum, ou l'Optimisme." [Mémoires de Trévoux, Feb. 1737]Launched out of philosophical jargon and into currency by Voltaire's satire on it in "Candide." General sense of "belief that good ultimately will prevail in the world" first attested 1841 in Emerson; meaning "tendency to take a hopeful view of things" first recorded 1819 in Shelley.

optimism
op·ti·mism / 5CptimizEm; NAmE 5B:p- / noun [U]
   ~ (about / for sth) a feeling that good things will happen and that sth will be successful; the tendency to have this feeling
   乐观；乐观主义:
   optimism about / for the future
   对未来的乐观
   We may now look forward with optimism.
   我们现在可以乐观地展望未来。
   a mood of cautious optimism
   谨慎乐观的心情
   There are very real grounds for optimism.
   的确有理由可以乐观。
   OPP 

pessimism

optimism noun

op·ti·mism
\ˈäptəˌmizəm\ noun
(-s)
Etymology: French optimisme, from Latin optimum that which is best, (from neuter of optimus best) + French -isme -ism; akin to Latin ops power, wealth, help — more at
1.
 a. : a doctrine that this world is the best possible world based on the argument that God being all-wise must know all possible worlds, being all-powerful must be able to create whichsoever he might choose, and being all-good must choose the best — used originally in reference to this doctrine as formulated by Leibniz
 b. : a doctrine or opinion that reality is essentially good, completely good, or as good as it conceivably could be
 c. : a doctrine that the goods of life overbalance the pain and evil of it and that life is preponderantly good — compare
2.
 a. : the quality of being the best or for the best
 b. : the best possible or conceivable condition

3. : an inclination to put the most favorable construction upon actions and happenings, to minimize adverse aspects, conditions, and possibilities, or to anticipate the best possible outcome : a cheerful and hopeful temperament