Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary
pro·ba·tion
\\prō-ˈbā-shən\\ noun ETYMOLOGY Middle English probacioun, from Middle French & Latin; Middle French probation, from Latin probation-, probatio, from probare
DATE 15th century
1. critical examination and evaluation or subjection to such examination and evaluation2.
a. subjection of an individual to a period of testing and trial to ascertain fitness (as for a job or school)
b. the action of suspending the sentence of a convicted offender and giving the offender freedom during good behavior under the supervision of a probation officer
c. the state or a period of being subject to probation
•
pro·ba·tion·al \\-shnəl, -shə-n
əl\\
adjective
•
pro·ba·tion·al·ly adverb
•
pro·ba·tion·ary \\-shə-ˌner-ē\\
adjective probation
early 15c., "trial, experiment, test," from O.Fr. probacion (14c.), from L. probationem (nom. probatio) "inspection, examination," noun of action from probare "to test" (see prove). Meaning "testing of a person's conduct" is from early 15c.; theological sense first recorded 1520s; criminal justice sense is first recorded in U.S. c.1878.
Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary-牛津双解-OALD7
probationpro·ba·tion /
prE5beiFn;
NAmE prou- /
noun [U]1. (law 律) a system that allows a person who has committed a crime not to go to prison if they behave well and if they see an official (called a
probation officer
) regularly for a fixed period of time
缓刑制；缓刑:
The prisoner was put on probation. 犯人已获缓刑。
He was given two years' probation. 他被判缓刑两年。2. a time of training and testing when you start a new job to see if you are suitable for the work
试用期；见习期；考察期:
a period of probation 试用期3. (NAmE) a fixed period of time during which a student who has behaved badly or not worked hard must improve their work or their behaviour
试读,试读期(为表现未如理想的学生而设)• pro·ba·tion·ary /
prE5beiFnri;
NAmE prou5beiFEneri /
adj.:
a probationary period 试用期
young probationary teachers 年轻的见习教师 Oxford Collocations Dictionary for Students of English
Oxford Collocations dictionary for students of Englishprobation
noun
ADJ. give sb, place sb on, put sb on, sentence sb to He was placed on probation for two years. She was sentenced to a year's probation. | release sb on
PROBATION + NOUN order He was under a probation order for attacking a photographer. | officer | service | hostel | period Once your probation period is successfully completed, you will be offered a contract.
PREP. on ~ The judge put her on probation for a year. He joined the company on six months' probation.
Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged
pro·ba·tion
\prōˈbāshən\
noun
(
-s)
Etymology: Middle English
probacioun, from Middle French
probation, from Latin
probation-, probatio, from
probatus (past participle of
probare to try, test, approve, prove) +
-ion-, -io -ion — more at
prove
1.
a.
(1) : the action of critically testing and evaluating
: critical investigation or examination
< our statements about them will never sustain empirical probation — A.C.Danto >
(2) : the condition of being subjected to such testing, examination, and evaluation
< an educational system that has been through a long period of probation >
b.
(1) : the action of subjecting an individual to a period of testing and trial so as to be able to ascertain the individual's fitness or lack of fitness for something (as a particular job, membership in a particular organization, retention of a particular academic classification, enrollment in a particular school)
< an engineering company that submits all candidates for jobs to a rigorous probation >
(2) : the condition of being subjected to such testing and trial
< was put on probation >
(3) : the period during which an individual is subjected to such testing and trial
: a trial period
< his probation was to last one year >
c.
(1) : the action of suspending the sentence of a convicted offender in such a way that the offender is given freedom after promising good behavior and agreeing to a varying degree of supervision, to the usually imposed condition of making a report to a particular officer or court at stated intervals, and to any other additionally specified conditions
< hoped that the judge would grant him probation >
(2) : the condition of one whose sentence has been suspended in such a way
: the status of one that is being so tested
< knew that prison faced him if he got in trouble again during his probation >
(3) : the period during which one whose sentence has been suspended in such a way is required to fulfill the specified conditions
< a long probation >2. archaic
a. : something that constitutes proof
: evidence
b. : the action of proving that something is what it is asserted to be
: demonstration
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