Subject  To Or   A Sth Noun C B

sub·ject

I

 \\ˈsəb-jikt, -(ˌ)jekt\\ noun1. one that is placed under authority or control: as
  a. 
  b.
    (1) one subject to a monarch and governed by the monarch's law
    (2) one who lives in the territory of, enjoys the protection of, and owes allegiance to a sovereign power or state
2.
  a. that of which a quality, attribute, or relation may be affirmed or in which it may inhere
  b. 

substratum

; especially : material or essential substance
  c. the mind, ego, or agent of whatever sort that sustains or assumes the form of thought or consciousness
3.
  a. a department of knowledge or learning
  b. 

motive

, 

cause

  c.
    (1) one that is acted on
       the helpless subject of their cruelty
    (2) an individual whose reactions or responses are studied
    (3) a dead body for anatomical study and dissection
  d.
    (1) something concerning which something is said or done
       the subject of the essay
    (2) something represented or indicated in a work of art
  e.
    (1) the term of a logical proposition that denotes the entity of which something is affirmed or denied; also : the entity denoted
    (2) a word or word group denoting that of which something is predicated
  f. the principal melodic phrase on which a musical composition or movement is based
Synonyms: see 
• sub·ject·less  \\-ləs\\ adjective

II

adjective1. owing obedience or allegiance to the power or dominion of another
2.
  a. suffering a particular liability or exposure
      subject to temptation
  b. having a tendency or inclination : 

prone

      subject to colds
3. contingent on or under the influence of some later action
    the plan is subject to discussion
Synonyms: see 

III

 \\səb-ˈjekt, ˈsəb-ˌjekt\\ transitive verb1.
  a. to bring under control or dominion : 

subjugate

  b. to make (as oneself) amenable to the discipline and control of a superior
2. to make liable : 

predispose

3. to cause or force to undergo or endure (something unpleasant, inconvenient, or trying)
    was subjected to constant verbal abuse
• sub·jec·tion  \\səb-ˈjek-shən\\ noun

subject
 1.
  subject (n.) early 14c., "person under control or dominion of another," from O.Fr. suget, subget "a subject person or thing" (12c.), from L. subjectus, noun use of pp. of subicere "to place under," from sub "under" + combining form of jacere "to throw." In 14c., sugges, sogetis, subgit, sugette; form re-Latinized in Eng. 16c. Meaning "person or thing that may be acted upon" is recorded from 1590s. Meaning "subject matter of an art or science" is attested from 1540s, probably short for subject matter (late 14c.), which is from M.L. subjecta materia, a loan translation of Gk. hypokeimene hyle (Aristotle), lit. "that which lies beneath." Likewise some specific uses in logic and philosophy are borrowed directly from L. subjectum "foundation or subject of a proposition," a loan-translation of Aristotle's to hypokeimenon. Grammatical sense is recorded from 1630s. The adj. is attested from early 14c.
 2.
  subject (v.) late 14c., "to make (a person or nation) subject to another by force," also "to render submissive or dependent," from L. subjectare, from the root of subject (n.). Meaning "to lay open or expose to (some force or occurrence)" is recorded from 1540s.

☞ subject
sub·jectnoun/ 5sQbdVikt; -dVekt /
OF CONVERSATION / BOOK 谈话；书籍
1. [C] a thing or person that is being discussed, described or dealt with
   主题；题目；话题；题材；问题:
   an unpleasant subject of conversation
   不愉快的话题
   books on many different subjects
   题材广泛的各种书籍
   a magazine article on the subject of space travel
   一篇谈航天旅行的杂志文章
   I have nothing more to say on the subject.
   关于这个问题,我再没有要说的了。
   I wish you'd change the subject (= talk about sth else).
   我希望你换个话题。
   How did we get onto the subject of marriage?
   我们怎么谈到婚姻问题上了？
   We seem to have got off the subject we're meant to be discussing.
   我们似乎偏离了应当讨论的题目。
   Nelson Mandela is the subject of a new biography.
   纳尔逊 · 曼德拉是一本新传记的传主。
   Climate change is still very much a subject for debate.
   气候变化很大程度上仍是一个争论的话题。
AT SCHOOL / COLLEGE 学校
2. [C] an area of knowledge studied in a school, college, etc.
   学科；科目；课程:
   Biology is my favourite subject.
   生物是我最喜欢的学科。
OF PICTURE / PHOTOGRAPH 绘画；摄影
3. a person or thing that is the main feature of a picture or photograph, or that a work of art is based on
   表现对象；绘画(或拍摄)题材:
   Focus the camera on the subject.
   把相机的焦距调到被拍对象上。
   Classical landscapes were a popular subject with many 18th century painters.
   古典风景画是 18 世纪许多画家所喜欢用的题材。
OF EXPERIMENT 实验
4. [C] a person or thing being used to study sth, especially in an experiment
   接受试验者；实验对象:
   We need male subjects between the ages of 18 and 25 for the experiment.
   我们需要 18 至 25 岁之间的男性来接受试验。
GRAMMAR 语法
5. [C] a noun, noun phrase or pronoun representing the person or thing that performs the action of the verb (I in I sat down.), about which sth is stated (the house in the house is very old) or, in a passive sentence, that is affected by the action of the verb (the tree in the tree was blown down in the storm)
   主语；主词
⇨ compare 

object

 n. (4), 

predicate

 n.
OF COUNTRY 国家
6. a person who has the right to belong to a particular country, especially one with a king or queen
   (尤指君主制国家的)国民,臣民:
   a British subject
   英国国民adjective/ 5sQbdVekt; -dVikt /
1. ~ to sth likely to be affected by sth, especially sth bad
   可能受…影响的；易遭受…的:
   Flights are subject to delay because of the fog.
   由于有雾,航班可能延误。
2. ~ to sth depending on sth in order to be completed or agreed
   取决于；视…而定:
   The article is ready to publish, subject to your approval.
   那篇文章准备好了,可以发表,就等你批准了。
   All the holidays on offer are subject to availability.
   现行所有的节假日只有在情况允许时才可放假。
3. ~ to sth / sb under the authority of sth / sb
   受…支配；服从于:
   All nuclear installations are subject to international safeguards.
   一切核设施均须执行国际防护措施。
4. [only before noun] (formal) controlled by the government of another country
   受异族统治的；臣服的:
   subject peoples
   被他国统治的民族verb/ sEb5dVekt /
   [VN] ~ sth (to sth) (formal) to bring a country or group of people under your control, especially by using force
   使臣服；使顺从；(尤指)压服:
   The Roman Empire subjected most of Europe to its rule.
   罗马帝国把欧洲多数地区置于自己的统治之下。
• sub·jec·tion / sEb5dVekFn / noun [U]
 PHRASAL VERBS 
▪ sub'ject sb / sth to sth [often passive]
   to make sb / sth experience, suffer or be affected by sth, usually sth unpleasant
   使经受；使遭受:
   to be subjected to ridicule
   受到嘲笑
   The city was subjected to heavy bombing.
   那座城市遭受猛烈轰炸。
   The defence lawyers claimed that the prisoners had been subjected to cruel and degrading treatment.
   辩护律师声称囚犯遭到了残暴和侮辱性的对待。

subject noun
  

sub·ject
I. \ˈsəbjə̇kt, -jēkt sometimes -ˌjekt\ noun
(-s)
Etymology: Middle English, suget, subget, from Middle French, from Latin subjectus subject, inferior (from subjectus, past participle) & subjectum foundation, subject of a proposition (translation of Greek hypokeimenon), from neuter of subjectus, past participle of subjicere, subicere to bring under, throw under, from sub- + -jicere, -icere (from jacere to throw) — more at 
1. : one that is placed under the authority, dominion, control, or influence of someone or something: as
 a. : one bound in allegiance or service to a feudal superior : 
 b.
  (1) : one subject to a monarch or ruler and governed by his law
  (2) : one who lives in the territory of, enjoys the protection of, and owes allegiance to a sovereign power or state — compare  2
 c. obsolete : a person under the spiritual oversight, care, or direction of a religious superior
 d. obsolete : those who owe allegiance to a particular sovereign or rule : 
2.
 a. obsolete : the material from which a thing is formed : material substance
 b.
  (1) : that of which a quality, attribute, or relation may be affirmed or in which it may inhere : the theme of a discourse or predication : the identical reference of related thoughts : a material either physical or ideal in which differences may appear
  (2) : ; especially : substantive reality that is material or essential being
  (3) : something that sustains or is embodied in thought or consciousness : the thinking agent : the mind, ego, or reality of whatever sort that supports or assumes the form of mental operations — distinguished from object
   < the individuality of the organism corresponds to, though it is not necessarily identical with, the psychological subject, while to the environment and its changes corresponds the objective continuum — James Ward >
3. : something that forms a basis (as for action, study, discussion, or use): as
 a.
  (1) : the underlying theme or topic of a branch of knowledge or study
   < the subject of mathematics is quantities and their manipulations >
  (2) : a branch of knowledge or study especially when arranged and formulated for teaching as an integrated part in a system of studies
   < each pupil took courses in five subjects including electives >
   < found the subject of chemistry difficult >
 b. : , , 
  < a subject of dispute >
  < gave them no subject for complaint >
 c.
  (1) : one that is acted upon (as in an operation or process)
   < a subject of debate >
   < the helpless subject of his cruelty >
  (2) : an individual whose reactions or responses are studied (as in the testing of a physiological or psychological phenomenon)
   < the subjects of a nutritional experiment >
   < the subject was cued to run a maze >
  (3) : a dead body for anatomical study and dissection
 d.
  (1) : something concerning which something is said or done : a thing or person treated of
   < let's say no more on that subject >
   < treated religion as the first and greatest of subjects >
   < the subject of your essay >
   < a subject worthy of a great dramatist >
  (2) : something (as an incident, scene, figure, group) that is represented or indicated in a work of art
 e.
  (1) or subject term : the term of a logical proposition that denotes what the proposition is about; also : matter denoted by such a term : the topic of an affirmation or denial — contrasted with predicate
  (2) : a word or word group denoting that of which something is affirmed or predicated : a term that is construed with or without modifiers as the nominative of a verb and is grammatically either a noun or a word, phrase, or clause used as a noun equivalent
 f.
  (1) : the principal theme or melodic phrase on which a musical composition or movement is based
  (2) : the antecedent or dux of a contrapuntal work (as a fugue or canon)
 g. : a plant having particular horticultural qualities or suitable for a definite site or effect
  < make good hedge subjects >
  < a difficult subject only suitable for the expert with fully equipped greenhouse >
Synonyms: see 
II. adjective
Etymology: Middle English suget, subget, from Middle French, from Latin subjectus, past participle
1. : falling under or submitting to the power or dominion of another
 < children subject to their parents >
as
 a. : owing allegiance to or being a subject of a particular sovereign or state
  < a colony is subject to the mother country >
  < a subject race >
 b. : 
 c. : , 
  < be subject to the laws >
2.
 a. : suffering a particular liability or exposure
  < subject to very severe draughts >
  < subject to temptation >
 b. : , 
  < very subject to colds >
3. archaic : situated under or below : 
4. : likely to be conditioned, affected, or modified in some indicated way : having a contingent relation to something and usually dependent on such relation for final form, validity, or significance
 < democratic representatives whose acts are subject to discussion and criticism — M.R.Cohen >
 < a treaty subject to ratification >
Synonyms: see 
III. \səbˈjekt sometimes |səb|jekt\ verb
(-ed/-ing/-s)
Etymology: Middle English subjecten, from Latin subjectare to put under, freq. of subjicere, subicere to bring under — more at  (n.)
transitive verb
1.
 a. : to bring under control or dominion : 
  < subjecting primitive peoples to colonial rule >
 b. : to reduce to subservience or submission : make (as oneself) amenable to the discipline and control of a superior
  < a servant should subject himself to his master >
2.
 a. : to make liable : 
  < his conduct subjected him to needless suffering >
 b. : to make accountable : 
  < refused to subject himself to their judgment >
 c. : to make (a piece of commercial paper) subject to discount
3. obsolete : to cause to lie beneath or below
4. : to cause to undergo or submit to : make submit to a particular action or effect : 
 < hated to subject his wife to such company >
 < unwilling to subject himself to any inconvenience >
intransitive verb
obsolete : to be or become subject

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