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Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary as·sume
\\ə-ˈsüm\\ transitive verb ( as·sumed ; as·sum·ing) ETYMOLOGY Middle English, from Latin assumere, from ad- + sumere to take — more at consume
DATE 15th century
1. a. to take up or in : receive b. to take into partnership, employment, or use2. a. to take to or upon oneself : undertake assume responsibility b. put on , don c. to place oneself in assume a position3. seize , usurp assume control4. to pretend to have or be : feign assumed an air of confidence in spite of her dismay5. to take as granted or true : suppose I assume he'll be there6. to take over (the debts of another) as one's own• as·sum·abil·i·ty
\\-ˌsü-mə-ˈbi-lə-tē\\ noun• as·sum·able
\\-ˈsü-mə-bəl\\ adjective• as·sum·ably
\\-blē\\ adverbSynonyms. assume , affect , pretend , simulate , feign , counterfeit , sham mean to put on a false or deceptive appearance. assume often implies a justifiable motive rather than an intent to deceive assumed an air of cheerfulness around the patients affect implies making a false show of possessing, using, or feeling affected an interest in art pretend implies an overt and sustained false appearance pretended that nothing had happened simulate suggests a close imitation of the appearance of something cosmetics that simulate a suntan feign implies more artful invention than pretend , less specific mimicry than simulate feigned sickness counterfeit implies achieving the highest degree of verisimilitude of any of these words an actor counterfeiting drunkenness sham implies an obvious falseness that fools only the gullible shammed a most unconvincing limp
assume mid-15c., "to receive up into heaven" (especially of the Virgin Mary, e.g. Feast of the Assumption, celebrated Aug. 15, attested from c.1300), from L. assumere "to take up," from ad- "to, up" + sumere "to take," from sub "under" + emere "to take" (see exempt). Early pp. was assumpt. Meaning "to suppose" is first recorded 1590s. In rhetorical usage, assume expresses what the assumer postulates, often as a confessed hypothesis; presume expresses what the presumer really believes.
Oxford Collocations Dictionary for Students of English Oxford Collocations dictionary for students of Englishassume verb ADV. automatically, naturally I automatically assumed that you knew about this. | reasonably, safely I think we can safely assume that this situation will continue. VERB + ASSUME can, might | tend to | be fair to, be reasonable to, be safe to It is reasonable to assume that the economy will continue to improve. | be a mistake to, be wrong to | be easy to It's all too easy to assume that people know what they are doing. PHRASES let us assume Let us assume for a moment that the plan succeeds. Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary-牛津双解-OALD7 ☞ assumeas·sume / E5sju:m; NAmE E5su:m / verb1. to think or accept that sth is true but without having proof of it 假定;假设;认为: ▪ [V (that)] It is reasonable to assume (that) the economy will continue to improve. 认为经济将继续好转是有道理的。 Let us assume for a moment that the plan succeeds. 咱们暂时假设计划成功。 She would, he assumed, be home at the usual time. 他认为,她会在通常时间回到家的。 ▪ [VN that] It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work. 普遍认为,紧张是工作过重所致。 ▪ [VN] Don't always assume the worst (= that sth bad has happened). 别总往最坏处想。 In this example we have assumed a unit price of $10. 在这个例子中我们已假定单价为 10 元。 ▪ [VN to inf] I had assumed him to be a Belgian. 我本以为他是比利时人。 2. [VN] ( formal) to take or begin to have power or responsibility 承担(责任);就(职);取得(权力) SYN take : The court assumed responsibility for the girl's welfare. 法庭承担了保障这个女孩福利的责任。 Rebel forces have assumed control of the capital. 反叛武装力量已控制了首都。 3. [VN] ( formal) to begin to have a particular quality or appearance 呈现(外观、样子);显露(特征) SYN take on : This matter has assumed considerable importance. 这件事看来相当重要。 In the story the god assumes the form of an eagle. 在这个故事中神以鹰的形象出现。 4. [VN] ( formal) to pretend to have a particular feeling or quality 装出;假装 SYN put on : He assumed an air of concern. 他装出关心的样子。
assume verb
⇨ pretend (assume an air of concern) ⇨ suppose (Let's assume…) ⇨ take 7 (assume control) Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged as·sume\əˈsüm\ verb( -ed/-ing/-s) Etymology: Middle English assumen, from Latin assumere, adsumere, from ad- + sumere to take, from sub under + emere to buy, obtain — more at sub- , redeem transitive verb1. : to take up or into : receive , accept : a. : to receive into heaven < in what wise the Mother of God had been assumed into her place in Heaven — William James > b. : to take into partnership, employment, or use : receive as an associate < revealed religion assumes them into her service — R.C.Trench >2. : to take to or upon oneself : undertake: a. : to invest oneself with (a form, attribute, or aspect) < anxious in this lecture not to assume the role of a Christian apologist — W.R.Inge > < visits of inspection often assume a dramatic character — C.L.Jones > b. : to put on (an article of clothing) : don < had assumed her bonnet and shawl — Arnold Bennett > c. : to invest oneself formally with (an office or its symbols) : enter upon the duties of < at the age of 40 he assumed the presidency of the college > d. : to take upon oneself (to do or perform) : undertake — used chiefly in law and with following infinitive < did assume to carry his horse … over the water of Humber sound — William Fulbecke >3. : to take as one's right or possession : arrogate , seize , usurp < the king assumed to himself the right of filling up the chief municipal offices — T.B.Macaulay >4. : to take in appearance only : pretend to have or be : feign < she felt, without knowing why, that the gaiety was assumed — Ellen Glasgow >5. : to take for granted : accept arbitrarily or tentatively : suppose < we simply assumed that we were going to be married — R.P.Warren >6. : to take as an assumption or premise in logic 7. : to take over as one's own (the debts of another) : make oneself formally liable for < the public debt which the incorporators assumed — W.P.Webb >intransitive verb: to claim more than is due : be pretentious < in the absence of proof history has no right to assume — Hilaire Belloc >Synonyms: affect , pretend , simulate , feign , counterfeit , sham : assume may apply by putting on a false or deceptive appearance through either pardonable or blameworthy motives < by assuming an air of cheerfulness we become cheerful in reality — William Cowper > < an elderly “buck” with an air of assumed juvenility — W.S.Gilbert > < the defense counsel assumes great friendliness and the inexperienced witness assumes that this friendliness may be genuine — Paul Wilson > < assume a meek look > affect indicates making a false show of possessing, using, feeling, or preferring < Gayerson, a Bengal Civilian, who affected the customs — as he had the heart — of youth — Rudyard Kipling > < Elizabeth could but just affect concern in missing him; she really rejoiced at it — Jane Austen > < a tramp cyclist, affecting turtleneck sweaters and gray flannel bags — P.G.Wodehouse > pretend may suggest sustained profession of or adherence to what is false < I shall find myself pretending that I am so full of resources that I do not require any outside help to enjoy a holiday in a lovely place — O.S.J.Gogarty > < absurd to pretend that the young men of Europe ever wanted to hunt each other into holes in the ground and throw bombs into the holes to disembowel one another — G.B.Shaw > < they had high critical standards; even their clowns had to be learned or to pretend learning — Gilbert Highet > simulate indicates factitiously appearing or imitating for a purpose < Tibetan women do not like to appear sunburnt, even powdering their faces to simulate a fair complexion — Heinrich Harrer > < since few cannon were available, trees hewn to simulate formidable artillery pieces were dragged into position all along the ramparts — American Guide Series: Louisiana > < casting myself face downwards on the earth, … simulating death — W.H.Hudson†1922 > feign , often interchangeable with simulate , may suggest calculated intent and artful execution < a clever young man who had evaded conscription by feigning epilepsy — Eric Linklater > < Bouquet, feigning retreat, drew the Indians forward to receive a flanking fire from companies ambushed for the purpose — S.J.Buck > counterfeit may imply imitation that copies very closely < counterfeit coins > < many noblemen gave the actor-manager access to their collections of armor and weapons in order that his accouterment should exactly counterfeit that of a Norman baron — G.B.Shaw > sham may apply to deception so obvious that it deceives only the gullible < when the curtain falls there are more actors shamming dead upon the stage than actors upright — H.A.L.Craig >Synonym: see in addition presuppose .
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