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Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary es·tab·lish ETYMOLOGY Middle English establissen, from Anglo-French establiss-, stem of establir, from Latin stabilire, from stabilis stable DATE 14th century 1. to institute (as a law) permanently by enactment or agreement 2. obsolete : settle 73. a. to make firm or stable b. to introduce and cause to grow and multiply establish grass on pasturelands 4. a. to bring into existence : found established a republic b. bring about, effect established friendly relations 5. a. to put on a firm basis : set up establish his son in business b. to put into a favorable position c. to gain full recognition or acceptance of the role established her as a star 6. to make (a church) a national or state institution 7. to put beyond doubt : prove established my innocence English Etymology establish late 14c., from O.Fr . establiss-, stem of establir, from L.stabilire "make stable," from stabilis "stable" (see stable (2)). Establishment used 1731 with sense of "established Church;" meaning of "ruling people and institutions" is from 1923.http://O.Fr Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary-牛津双解-OALD7 ☞ establish es·tab·lish / i5stAbliF / verb1. [VN] to start or create an organization, a system, etc. that is meant to last for a long time 建立；创立；设立 SYN set up :
The committee was established in 1912. 这个委员会创立于 1912 年。 The new treaty establishes a free trade zone. 新条约设立了自由贸易区。 2. [VN] to start having a relationship, especially a formal one, with another person, group or country 建立(尤指正式关系): The school has established a successful relationship with the local community. 这所学校与当地社区建立了良好的关系。 3. [VN] ~ sb / sth / yourself (in sth) (as sth) to hold a position for long enough or succeed in sth well enough to make people accept and respect you 确立；使立足；使稳固: By then she was established as a star. 那时她作为明星的地位已经确立。 He has just set up his own business but it will take him a while to get established. 他刚建立起自己的公司,但要站稳脚跟还得花上一段时间。 4. [VN] to make people accept a belief, claim, custom, etc. 获得接受；得到认可: It was this campaign that established the paper's reputation. 正是这场运动确立了这家报纸的声誉。 Traditions get established over time. 传统是随着时间的推移而得到认可的。 5. to discover or prove the facts of a situation 查实；确定；证实 SYN ascertain :
▪ [VN] Police are still trying to establish the cause of the accident. 警方仍在努力确定事故的原因。 ▪ [V that] They have established that his injuries were caused by a fall. 他们已经证实他是摔伤的。 ▪ [V wh-] We need to establish where she was at the time of the shooting. 我们需要查实枪击发生时她在何处。 ▪ [VN that] It has since been established that the horse was drugged. 从此便证实马被注射了麻醉药。 Oxford Collocations Dictionary for Students of English establish verb 1 start/create sth VERB + ESTABLISH attempt to, seek to, try to trying to establish links with local schools | help (to), help sb (to) | agree to The two countries agreed to establish full diplomatic relations. | be able to | be important to PHRASES an attempt/effort to establish sth, newly/recently established He was appointed to the newly established Department of the Environment. 2 make sth known and accepted ADV. firmly, securely His position in the organization is now firmly established. VERB + ESTABLISH attempt to, seek to, try to | help (to), help sb (to) The exhibition helped her establish herself as an artist. PREP. as He has now established his reputation as a popular musician. PHRASES become/get established The festival has become established as one of the town's annual events. 3 make certain of sth ADV. conclusively, definitely | empirically VERB + ESTABLISH attempt to, seek to, try to Police are still trying to establish the identity of the dead man. | help (to) | be able to | be possible to | be difficult to | be important to PHRASES an attempt/effort to establish sth Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Thesaurus-11th Edition v. Function: verb 1 Synonyms: SET 1, fix, lay, place, put, settle, stick Related Words: enroot, entrench, implant, inculcate, infix, instill, root; set down, set up; moor, rivet, secure; found, ground Contrasted Words: eradicate, exterminate, extirpate, uproot, wipe (out) Antonyms: abrogate 2 Synonyms: BASE , bottom, found, ground, predicate, rest, stay Idioms: lay the foundation for (or of) 3 Synonyms: ENACT 1, constitute, make Related Words: formulate; authorize, decree, legislate, prescribe Antonyms: repeal 4 Synonyms: FOUND 2, constitute, create, institute, organize, set up, start Related Words: endow, provide; originate; build Contrasted Words: disestablish; demolish, tear down Antonyms: abolish 5 Synonyms: ERECT 5, build up, construct, hammer (out), set up 6 to make clear beyond a reasonable doubt FF1C;established an alibi for the time of the crimeFF1E; Synonyms: demonstrate, determine, make out, prove, show Related Words: authenticate, confirm, corroborate, document, substantiate, verify; attest; clarify Idioms: afford (or offer) proof of Contrasted Words: discredit, expose, show up; confute, invalidate, parry, rebut, refute Antonyms: disprove Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged es·tab·lish \ə̇ˈstablish, eˈ-, -lēsh, chiefly in pres part -ləsh\ verb (-ed/-ing/-es) Etymology: Middle English establissen, from Middle French establiss-, stem of establir, from Latin stabilire, from stabilis firm, stable — more at stable transitive verb 1. a. : to make firm or stable : fix to prevent or check unsteadiness, wavering, turmoil, or agitation < establish the gun firmly on its base > b. : to place, install, or set up in a permanent or relatively enduring position especially as regards living quarters, business, social life, or possession < the family established itself in a large house > < established himself in the community as a grain dealer > < stayed with the team long enough to see it established as a member of a major league > < the first day of 1930 saw me established in London with a good job on an evening paper — Harold Nicolson > c. : to found or base securely (as a theory) < established the moral unity of all people upon the idea of God > < examine critically the foundations of his creed and establish his theology upon philosophy — V.L.Parrington > d. : to assist, support, or nurture so that stability and continuance are assured < stayed as principal of the new school until it was well established > e. : to fix or implant (itself) in gaining a firm hold < think of the possibilities if this scourge becomes widely established among our eastern oaks — W.H.Camp > < a vice continued until it established itself beyond escape > 2. a. : to settle or fix after consideration or by enactment or agreement < a congressional bill establishing duties on a wide range of imports > < an act establishing quota limits on immigration > b. : appoint , ordain , entitle < established several European correspondents for the newspaper > < established a new vice-president for the firm > 3. obsolete : to settle (as an estate) upon someone : secure (as rights) to a group 4. a. : to bring into existence, create, make, start, originate, found, or build usually as permanent or with permanence in view < establish a factory on the banks of the river > < established a cranberry bog — American Guide Series: Oregon> < the five studies in this volume have the common purpose of establishing a background for an understanding of 18th century English literature — University of Minnesota Press Catalog > < establish a school for the deaf > < the Italians voted to establish a republic — Current Biography > < Noah Webster, with his dictionary … had established American usage in the matter of words — Van Wyck Brooks > b. : to bring about : effect < establishing friendly relations with the Indians — American Guide Series: Maine > c. (1) : provide : set up < it established a fund of $700,000 to open regional offices — Current Biography > (2) : to provide for : endow < establish a chair of Oriental studies at the university > 5. obsolete : to bring (as anger) to a state of calm : quiet 6. a. archaic : confirm , validate b. : to prove or make acceptable beyond a reasonable doubt < the point the speaker was trying to establish was the imminence of economic collapse > < the impossibility of spontaneous generation was finally established as a valuable working principle — J.B.Conant > < establish the fact that he was not there when the murder occurred > c. : to provide strong evidence for : bring unavoidably to the attention < something was said that established him as being in the contracting business — Hamilton Basso > d. : to calculate or determine exactly and with certainty the terms, limits, or identity of < the evidence established the motive for the crime > < establish the weight of the planet > e. : to provide the mind or comprehension with appropriate information about < the opening shot of the movie establishes the scene > 7. : to make a national or state institution of (a church) 8. a. : to provide with a secure reputation especially as valuable, useful, or certain < screen productions based on established novels > < established as the world's tobacco capital — American Guide Series: North Carolina > b. : to place in a position of being accepted, respected, or feared < the British authority had been pretty securely established — B.K.Sandwell > < clearly established my standing as a man of good character — B.F.Fairless > < upset the established order in southeast Asia > c. : to make a norm, a custom, a convention, or a habit < the established way of addressing a clergyman > < established art styles > < it was his established practice to eat an early supper > < an established conditioned reflex > 9. a. : to set (as a record) as an achievement b. : to arrive at (as a result) 10. : to define and record (as a species) by effective publication in systematic biology 11. : to make such plays in a card game as will permit (a specified card or all remaining cards of a specified suit) to win tricks intransitive verb : to become naturalized : enter and persist without care or cultivation — used chiefly of plants < various xerophytes readily establish on and stabilize coastal dunes > Synonyms: see found , set |
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