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Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary ex·tend ETYMOLOGY Middle English, from Anglo-French or Latin; Anglo-French estendre, from Latin extendere, from ex- + tendere to stretch — more at thin DATE 14th century transitive verb 1. to spread or stretch forth : unbend extended both her arms 2. a. to stretch out to fullest length b. to cause (as a horse) to move at full stride c. to exert (oneself) to full capacity could work long and hard without seeming to extend himself d. (1) to increase the bulk of (as by adding a cheaper substance or a modifier) (2) adulterate 3. [Middle English, from Medieval Latin extendere (from Latin) or Anglo-French estendre, from Old French] a. British : to take possession of (as lands) by a writ of extent b. obsolete : to take by force 4. a. to make the offer of : proffer extending aid to the needy extending their greetings b. to make available extending credit to customers 5. a. to cause to reach (as in distance or scope) national authority was extended over new territories b. to cause to be longer : prolong extend the side of a triangle extended their visit another day also : to prolong the time of payment of c. advance , further extending her potential through job training 6. a. to cause to be of greater area or volume : enlarge extended the patio to the back of the house b. to increase the scope, meaning, or application of : broaden beauty, I suppose, opens the heart, extends the consciousness — Algernon Blackwood extending the meaning of the word c. archaic : exaggerate intransitive verb 1. to stretch out in distance, space, or time : reach their jurisdiction extended over the whole area 2. to reach in scope or application his concern extends beyond mere business to real service to his customers Synonyms. extend , lengthen , prolong , protract mean to draw out or add to so as to increase in length. extend and lengthen imply a drawing out in space or time but extend may also imply increase in width, scope, area, or range extend a vacation extend welfare services lengthen a skirt lengthen the workweek prolong suggests chiefly increase in duration especially beyond usual limits prolonged illness protract adds to prolong implications of needlessness, vexation, or indefiniteness protracted litigation English Etymology extend late 14c., from Anglo-Fr. estendre (late 13c.), from L. extendere"stretch out," from ex- "out" + tendere "to stretch" (see tenet). Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary-牛津双解-OALD7 ☞ extend ex·tend / ik5stend / verbMAKE LONGER / LARGER / WIDER 延长；扩大；扩展 1. [VN] to make sth longer or larger 使伸长；扩大；扩展: to extend a fence / road / house 扩建护栏/公路/房子 There are plans to extend the no-smoking area. 现已有扩大无烟区的计划。 2. [VN] to make sth last longer 延长；使展期: to extend a deadline / visa 延长最后期限/签证 The show has been extended for another one weeks. 展览会又延长了六周。 Careful maintenance can extend the life of your car. 精心保养可延长汽车寿命。 3. [VN] to make a business, an idea, an influence, etc. cover more areas or operate in more places 扩大…的范围(或影响): The company plans to extend its operations into Europe. 公司打算将业务扩展到欧洲。 The school is extending the range of subjects taught. 学校正在拓宽授课学科的范围。 INCLUDE 包括 4. [V +adv. / prep.] to relate to or include sb / sth 适用于；包括: The offer does not extend to employees' partners. 这项优惠不包括雇员的配偶。 His willingness to help did not extend beyond making a few phone calls. 他的乐意帮助只不过是打几个电话罢了。 COVER AREA / TIME / DISTANCE 涉及范围/时间/距离 5. [V +adv. / prep.] to cover a particular area, distance or length of time 涉及(范围)；延伸(距离)；延续(时间): Our land extends as far as the river. 我们的土地一直延伸到河边。 His writing career extended over a period of 40 years. 他的写作生涯超过了 40 年。 6. [VN +adv. / prep.] to make sth reach sth or stretch 使达到；使延伸: to extend a rope between ten posts 在两根柱子间拉根绳子 PART OF BODY 身体部位 7. [VN] to stretch part of your body, especially an arm or a leg, away from yourself 伸展,舒展,展开(尤指手臂或腿): He extended his hand to (= offered to shake hands with) the new employee. 他伸出手来与新雇员握手。 (figurative) to extend the hand of friendship to (= try to have good relations with) another country 向另一个国家伸出友谊之手 OFFER / GIVE 提供；给予 8. [VN] ~ sth to sb (formal) to offer or give sth to sb 提供；给予: I'm sure you will join me in extending a very warm welcome to our visitors. 我肯定你们会同我一起向来访者表示热烈的欢迎。 to extend hospitality to overseas students 殷勤款待外国留学生 to extend an invitation 发出邀请 The bank refused to extend credit to them (= to lend them money). 银行拒绝向他们提供信贷。 ▪ [also VNN] USE EFFORT / ABILITY 努力；尽力 9. [VN] [often passive] to make sb / sth use all their effort, abilities, supplies, etc. 使竭尽全力: Jim didn't really have to extend himself in the exam. 吉姆大可不必为这次考试那么拚命。 Hospitals were already fully extended because of the epidemic. 这场流行病已使各医院竭尽全力。 ⇨ see also extension , extensive Oxford Collocations Dictionary for Students of English extend verb ADV. greatly, significantly Next year we will greatly extend the range of goods that we sell. PREP. from, to The repayment period will be extended from 20 years to 25 years. Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Thesaurus-11th Edition v. Function: verb 1 Synonyms: OPEN 4, expand, fan (out), outspread, outstretch, spread, unfold Contrasted Words: close, fold 2 Synonyms: OFFER 1, give, hold out, pose, present, proffer, tender Related Words: allocate, allot; accord, advance, award, bestow, confer, grant; donate Idioms: place at one's disposal 3 to make or become longer FF1C;extended her visit by a weekFF1E; Synonyms: draw, draw out, elongate, lengthen, prolong, prolongate, protract, spin (out), stretch Related Words: amplify, enlarge, expand, increase Contrasted Words: abridge; curtail Antonyms: shorten 4 Synonyms: INCREASE 1, aggrandize, augment, beef (up), boost, enlarge, expand, heighten, magnify, multiply 5 Synonyms: RUN 8, go, make, reach, stretch Related Words: advance, proceed; continue 6 Synonyms: RANGE 3, go, run, vary 7 to reach a certain point FF1C;his education doesn't extendbeyond elementary schoolFF1E; Synonyms: go Related Words: reach, run; advance; attain Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged ex·tend \ikˈstend, ek-\ verb (-ed/-ing/-s) Etymology: Middle English extenden, from Middle French or Latin; Middle French estendre, extendre, from Latin extendere, from ex- ex- (I) + tendere to stretch — more at thin transitive verb 1. [Middle English extenden, from Medieval Latin extendere (from Latin) or Anglo-French estendre, from Old French estendre, extendre] a. Britain : to assess the value of (as lands or buildings) b. Britain : to take possession of by a writ of extent c. obsolete : to take by force : seize 2. : to lay out at full length < with his body extended on the ground > : put into a horizontal and usually straight position < extending their arms in front of them > : straighten out (as a limb or other bodily part) : unbend < alternately flexing his arm and extending it > 3. a. : to stretch out especially forcibly : stretch out to the fullest length < with the sails extended by yards > b. obsolete : to stretch, fill, or inflate beyond normal limits : strain , distend c. : to cause (as a horse) to move at full stride < a promising racehorse that had so far never been really extended > : push to full stride d. : to apply or exert (oneself) energetically or to full capacity < people who would rather accept federal bounties than extendthemselves — F.L.Allen > < his capacity for handling an immense amount of work without appearing to extend himself — Lamp > e. : to increase the quantity or bulk of (a product) by the addition of a relatively inexpensive or otherwise readily available substance so as to reduce cost, improve efficiency, or attain other desired effects < extending ground meat with cereal > sometimes : adulterate 4. a. : to stretch forth : hold out < she extended both her hands to him — W.F.deMorgan > < a bald eagle with its wings extended > b. : to present for acceptance or rejection : make the offer of : proffer < extending their greetings > < extended hospitality to them > c. : to make available (as a fund or privilege) often in response to an explicit or implied request : grant < financial aid will be extended where needed — Paul Wooton > 5. a. : to cause to stretch out or reach (as from one point to another) < extending the railroad to the next city > : cause to span an interval (as of distance, space, or time) < a rope bridge was extended over the chasm > : push to a farther point < extending the frontiers of knowledge > < city boundaries were extended to take in the entire county — American Guide Series: Pennsylvania > : open out (a compass) b. : to cause to be longer : lengthen , prolong , protract < extending their visit > specifically : to prolong the time of payment of (as a debt) beyond the time originally stipulated c. : to cause to project in one or more directions : stick out < when disturbed, the creature extends its spines > d. : to bring to a further degree of development < the Anglo-Saxons extended the use of the plow — L.D.Stamp > : cause to be more nearly complete or perfect : advance , further < extending man's knowledge of the universe > < the rest of the decade consolidated and extended those gains — Oscar Handlin > e. : to transfer (figures) from one column to another (as in bookkeeping) : carry forward f. : to compute the amount of (as in accounting) : indicate the amount of < the credit balance will be extended on the accounts > 6. a. : to cause to be of greater area or volume < extending the surface of metal plates by hammering > : increase the size of : enlarge : make greater in extent < trying to extend its staff of trained personnel > b. : to increase the scope, meaning, or application of < extending the sense of a word > < the name … was easily extended to the new land — P.E.James > < extend the force of the laws > : increase the action or capacity of < beauty, I suppose, opens the heart, extends the consciousness — Algernon Blackwood > : make more comprehensive, inclusive, or intensive : broaden , amplify < extending the range of their duties > c. archaic : to enlarge upon in imagination : exaggerate d. : to write out (as shorthand notes) in expanded form : write out or set forth in detail intransitive verb 1. : to stretch out (as in distance, space, or time) : range < rugged hills and ravines extend in all directions — American Guide Series: Minnesota > < occupation of the fortress extended from the second century B.C. to the first century A.D. — J.E.M.White > : reach , spread 2. : to span an interval (as of distance, space, or time) < an ancient bridge extends over the river > 3. : to jut out : stick out : protrude , project < through a cupola … extends a thin square chimney — American Guide Series: Minnesota > < fruit trees that extended out over the farm fences — Sherwood Anderson > 4. of a serviceman : to agree to remain on active duty for another term Synonyms: lengthen , elongate , prolong , protract : extend , like others in this group, applies to a drawing out in length; it may suggest also similar or comparable drawing out in breadth, size, or range < extend a road > < an extended trip > < extending his vacation > < federal grants to the states to extend and improve their health and welfare services for mothers and children — Americana Annual > lengthen is likely to refer to what constitutes or may be thought of as similar in some way to a line < lengthen a road > < a lengthened period > < the lengthening of the average life span by more than twenty years since the last century — Collier's Year Book > elongate suggests a stretching out resulting in a long narrow frame or shape or to unusual length < elongated fibers > < an elongated segment > < the old man's gaunt and elongated frame > prolong is likely to indicate a drawing out or stretching out in duration < a prolonged discussion > < withstanding a prolonged siege > < a strange, secret life, prolonged for half a century in Paris — Van Wyck Brooks > protract , often close to extend or prolong , may suggest needlessness, boredom, vexation, indefiniteness < litigation protracted through a decade > < the protracted interruption of steel production by labor difficulties — Americana Annual > < his temptation will be to protract negotiations on the minor points still outstanding — New Statesman & Nation > |
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