Great Ideas test 1

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• Central idea newton’s law motion forces acceleration
• Observation  data gathering process
• Experiment  measurements designed controlled humans 
• Theory  confirmed framework ideas explains observation includes tested
• Knowledge step process scientific method  organize existing explanations
• Theories scientific well-confirmed framework ideas explains observations includes
• Scientific absolute truth theory good strength certainty leads
• Revised ptolemy’s summarized theory platonic model earth centered
• Sun kepler's theory focused universe data tycho brahe
• Sensory things reason input  decart understand input imagination
• Problem estimation estimate answer hard calculate  estimates check
• Motion aristotelian physics agrees common sense types natural
• Motion natural doesn’t require assistance upward downward
• Motion violent horizontal pushes pulls required maintain
• Air earth difficulties aristotelian physics natural motion:   did
• Law inertia newton’s law):  body subject external forces
• Law newtons motion inertia  of
• Moving earth set stop moves objects refutation objections
• Understanding galileo's thought experiment absence friction ball starts
• Speed magnitude fast object moving speed= distance time
• Velocity definition  speed direction  with
• Change acceleration   any abject velocity changing acceleration= time
• Velocity acceleration relationships  natural inertial motion forces)  starting
• Galileo’s law falling  all objects fall way. 
• Speed falling:  proportional time and
• Acceleration falling  objects free fall constant m/s2
• Types forces  friction air resistance gravity electromagnetic etc. 
• Contact forces acts bodies ed friction air resistance
• Forces distance:  gravity electromagnetic forces 
• Ball hammer connecting forces accelerations experiment strike accelerates
• Acceleration force net direction  newton’s law motion newton’s
• Weight gravity’s force body on
• Mass weight body equal difference measure quantity matter
• Force body exerts law pairs  newtons interaction objects
• Force examples pairs  slap table back balls collide
• Consequences force pairs  equal/opposite general acceleration
• System momentum law conservation total remains unchanged interactions
• Noether's theorem  conservation momentum ultimately result fact laws
• Proportional newton's theory gravity objects attractive force product
• Force bodies realized gravitation qualitative reasoning newton referring
• Newtonian worldview democratic mechanistic universe based ideas inherent
• Deterministic view point  initial conditions stated subsequent events
• Work force move system energy capacity refers bringing
• Work energy capacity system process property system’s amount
• Work energy principle  transfer  is
• Energy forms energy  gravitational kinetic thermal radiant electromagnetic
• Gravitational energy due forces to
• Energy kinetic due macroscopic body motion
• Electromagnetic energy forces from
• Chemical energy  energy reactions  from
• Energy total law conservation participants process remains unchanged
• Time origin law conservation energy translation invariance symmetry
• Energy heating transfer due temperature differential expanded include
• Energy efficiency  output total input expressed percentage 
• Power physics  work time interval rate energy transformation
• Energy thermal important general feature universe  energy processes
• Thermal law heat engines energy thermodynamics stated cyclic
• Law thermodynamics stated entropy  total entropy microscopic disorganization
• Entropy  quantitative measure microscopic disorganization
• Law entropy   when thermal energy flows hot cold
• Initial conditions high accuracy uncertainty  forces parameters ignoring
• Uncertainty regular motion  expect initial conditions reflected subsequent
• Chaotic dynamics  exponential sensitivity uncertainty initial  conditions deterministic
• Examples chaotic systems  weather forecasting red spot jupiter
• Simple systems behave complex traditional views complexity  ways
• Simple systems behave ways reduced equations long term
• Complex behavior implies system unstable unpredictable control governed
• Systems components behave differently  disciplines complex comprised different 
• Simple systems give rise complex complexity chaos theory
• Overriding message chaos theory views complexity  simple processes
• Chaos evolution applied theory adaptation dynamical systems human
• Law newton's force pairs  third
• Newton's law motion second of
• Interplay observation theory  dont produce understanding framework scientific
• Energy law thermodynamics processes eventually turns thermal

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