First Stage_HMU_Medical English (Terminology)

This flashcard deck focuses on medical terminology in English, covering a wide range of terms related to medical conditions, procedures, symptoms, and medical specialties. It includes definitions of disorders (such as 'Menorrhagia' for excessive menstrual bleeding, 'Necrosis' for cell death), surgical procedures ('Herniorrhaphy', 'Arthrocentesis'), bodily conditions ('Hypertrophy', 'Hypotonia'), and terms related to symptoms and diagnoses ('Cyanosis', 'Polydipsia', 'Dysphagia'). It also covers prenatal care, medical specialties like gynecology and geriatrics, and scientific terms like 'Carcinogenic' and 'Aerobic'. Overall, the collection provides a diverse glossary for medical students to understand and communicate using English medical terminology.

Esta baraja de tarjetas se centra en terminología médica en inglés, cubriendo una amplia variedad de términos relacionados con condiciones médicas, procedimientos, síntomas y especialidades médicas. Incluye definiciones sobre trastornos (como 'Menorragia' para sangrado excesivo en la menstruación, 'Necrosis' para la muerte celular), procedimientos quirúrgicos ('Herniorrafia', 'Artrocentesis'), condiciones corporales ('Hipertrofia', 'Hipotonía'), y términos relacionados con síntomas y diagnósticos ('Cianosis', 'Polidipsia', 'Disfagia'). También abarca conceptos de cuidado prenatal, especialidades médicas como ginecología y geriatría, y términos científicos como 'Carcinogénico' y 'Aerobio'. En resumen, la colección ofrece un glosario diverso para estudiantes de medicina que desean entender y comunicarse usando terminología médica en inglés.

Learn using these flashcards. Click a card to start.

• Omnipotent unlimited power authority.  having
• Homozygous identical genes loci homologous chromosomes
• Nocturnal dyspnoea  is difficulty breathing occurring night sleep
• Nocturia increased urination night is
• Encephalitis inflammation brain tissue.  is
• Encyst enclose cyst.  is to
• Entrap catch trap.  is to
• Enuresis urinate bed is to
• Myotome muscle cutting instrument is
• Entocornea corneal layer descment's membrane
• Epigastrium part  abdomen stomach the
• Mesoderm middle germ layer embryo
• Mesothelium epithelium derived mesoderm e.g lining pleural peritoneal
• Heterogeneous consisting different  constituents mixed
• Homologous position relative structure.  having
• Heterograft organ tissue a  donor grafted recipient another 
• Heterozygous genes at  loci homologous  chromosomes
• Homogenous uniform texture structure or
• Thoracotomy incision chest of the
• Pericarditis inflammation heart  around the
• Neuroplasty surgical repair nerves of
• Otorhinolaryngology study ears,nose throat of
• Barometer instrument measures atmospheric pressure
• Carcinogenic potential cancer having to
• Chondrosclerosis  is hardening bone cartilage surface. 
• Cyanosis bluish color in
• Dextrocardia heart located right.  the
• Polydipsia excessive thirst excess drinking
• Erythroderma inflammatory skin disease redness
• Geriatric medicine specialty focuses health care elderly people
• Homeostasis state steady internal physical chemical conditions maintained
• Homosexual sexual desire member sex
• Lithiasis formation stony concretions calculi body gall bladder
• Necrosis death cells organ tissue body
• Nocturia urinate night at
• Dysphagia difficulty swallowing eating in
• Pseudopregnancy false pregnancy.  a
• Pyogenic production pus of
• Salpingitis inflammation fallopian tube of
• Scleroderma hardening skin of the
• Hypotonia loss tension resistance of
• Xerophthalmia dryness eyes of the
• Abnormal normal  away from
• Antepartum hemorrhage bleeding birth the
• Autolysis lysis self
• Brachypnea shortness breath in
• Bradypnea slow breathing
• Dysfunction abnormal functioning difficult function
• Hypertension abnormally high blood pressure
• Hypotension abnormally low blood pressure
• Isotonic pressure concentration same
• Malfunction bad functioning
• Oligohydramnios amniotic fluid few
• Pericardium heart around the
• Reinfection infected cause to become
• Supra-hepatic superior structure liver or
• Tachycardia fast beating heart
• Osteoblast immature cell bone of
• Bactericidal substance kills bacteria a
• Hematocrit separation blood.  of the
• Bronchiectasis expanding bronchus of
• Anesthesia sensation no
• Sigmoid similar sigma shape to
• Myopia nearsightedness
• Gastrostomy opening stomach of
• Leukcytopenia deficiency white blood cells. 
• Herniopexy fixing hernia of
• Thoracotomy surgical incision chest in
• Anemia absence blood of
• Euphoria feeling happy is a
• Malaise feeling ill is a
• Neoplasm growth tumor a is
• Neonate  is newborn child a
• Polymenorrhoea increased frequency menstruation.  is
• Polyuria increased frequency urination is
• Hyperglycemia increased level blood sugar. 
• Hyperpyrexia  is high body temperature degrees centigrade
• Aphasia:  loss speech is of
• Aspermia absent spermatozoa semen is
• Pain without
• Anosmia loss smell sensation is
• Contraindications conditions prevent drug treatment
• Decalcification removal calcification of
• Depigmentation removal pigment of
• Disorder loss order.  of
• Disinfection sterilization
• Insomnia  is sleeplessness
• Insufficient  is enough.  not
• Inefficient bad performance.  is
• Impolite nice behavior not in
• Immortal eternal
• Endocardium layer heart the is
• Retroorbital swelling bulge eyes forward
• Retrograde catheterization urinary tract discover point obstruction
• Intradural swelling dura in  spinal canal. 
• Intramuscular injections deliver drugs muscle. 
• Intraocular pressure inside eyeball the
• Intracranial  is skull within the
• Extraordinary usual remarkably exceptional is
• Antemortem death.  before
• Postnatal care mother neonate birth
• Postnasal drip flow mucous secretion posterior part nasal
• Postpartum hemorrhage vaginal bleeding labor
• Presacral swelling situated anterior sacrum
• Cryptorchidism  is undescended testis. 
• Cryptogenic cirrhosis  is cirrhosis unknown
• Metachromasia undergoing color change reactions. 
• Ectoderm outer embryonic layer is
• Ectocyst  is outer layer cyst
• Exotoxin  is toxic bacterial product  secreted cell. 
• Exophthalmus outward bulge eyes primary hyperthyroidism grave's disease). 
• Leptomeninges pia-arachnoid thin meningeal covering brain spinal cord. 
• Pachymeningitis inflammation dura thick outer meningeal covering brain
• Pachynoychia thick nails
• Structure inferior refers closer feet lower body
• Structure anterior refers front body 
• Structure posterior refers being  back another  body
• Structure lateral refers being  farther midline the  body
• Structure limb distal refers root
• Superficial refers structure being  closer surface the  body
• Structure deep refers being  closer core body 
• Ventral front belly towards the
• Dorsal back towards the
• Prone lying face down
• Supine lying face up
• Unilateral pertaining side body to
• Bilateral pertaining sides body to
• Extension straightening joint increasing  angle bones
• Omnivorous feeding animals plants on
• Body adduction moving part the  midline
• Body abduction moving part midline
• Foot supination turning arm upward palm sole
• Retraction moving part backward a
• Protraction moving part forward a
• Elevation raising part a
• Depression lowering part a
• Rotation turning single axis  on
• External rotation hip  shoulder away  midline
• Lateral flexion side-bending left or
• Inversion turning sole foot the
• Eversion turning sole foot outward
• Plantarflexion ankle movement pointing foot  downward
• Radial deviation movement wrist radius lateral side
• Opposition movement thumb across  palm hand
• Megalomania mania grandiose performance is
• Orthopedics  is medical science deals treatment skeletal deformities
• Pseudoarthrosis false joint fibrous union fracture
• Recur back.  comes
• Sclerotic stroma hard fibrous
• Pancarditis inflammation layers heart endocardium myocardium pericardium
• Auto antibody immunoglobulin reactive self-antigen
• Symbiosis state living two  dissimilar organisms intimate relationship
• Synchronous existing happening time.  or
• Synergism interaction agents drugs additive effect greater sum
• Synonym words expressions meaning significance
• Telephone instrument reproduces sounds  distance. 
• Telescope optical instrument viewing  distant objects. 
• Ultracentrifuge high-speed centrifuge sediment colloidal small particles
• Loss anaesthesia sensation consciousness.  of
• Paraesthesia prickling tingling sensation is
• Xerosis dryness. 
• Xerostomia dry mouth
• Diplopia double vision. 
• Hypermetropia sightedness far
• Analgesia insensitivity pain loss consciousness. 
• Myasthenia muscle weakness.  is
• Cardiodynia pain cardiac origin is
• Hyperuricemia increased uric acid blood
• Septicemia circulation proliferation virulent bacteria blood
• Claustrophobia fear closed places.  is
• Hypercalciuria increased urinary excretion calcium
• Allergen substance induces allergy =allergenic
• Coarctation compression wall vessel congenital aorta
• Ischemia reduction blood supply organ tissue myocardial due
• Frequency number repetitions periodic process unit time. 
• Jaundice yellowish discoloration of  skin sclera eye
• Laceration irregular wound tear is
• Pruritis itching sensation skin.  is
• Cholelithiasis means stones biliary passages. 
• Lysis process disintegration dissolution.  is
• Lysate product lysis.  is the
• Lysosome membrane bound cellular organelle hydrolytic enzymes
• Osteoarthrosis degenerative disease joints oa
• Erythropoesis formation red blood cells
• Spermatogenesis process formation maturation spermatozoa
• Exacerbation active episode chronic disease illness. 
• Hemorrhage means bleeding
• Hemoptysis spitting blood expectoration is
• Necropsy postmortem examination is
• Arthrodesis surgical induction join fusion. 
• Brochiectasis irreversible dilatation bronchial tree. 
• Hypermesis gravidorum exaggerated vomiting early pregnancy
• Stimulation excite activity growth to
• Stimulus activating agent is an
• Inhibitor agent restrains prevent action
• Claudication limping intermittent pain due ischemia lower limbs
• Fibrillation spontaneous rapid contraction individual muscle fibers
• Concussion hard blow collision.  a
• Fracture brake continuity e.g bone. 
• Centesis puncture drain cavity.  to
• Pleurocentesis draining pleural cavity is
• Periniorrhaphy surgical repair lax perineum
• Epistaxis nose bleeding is
• Diarrhoea increased frequency bowel motions
• Nausea means stomach distress distaste food urge vomit
• Alopecia loss hair.  is the
• Syncope fainting attack is a
• Limb amputation removal part of
• Resection surgical removal part is
• Excise cut remove  is to
• Laparotomy opening abdomen the
• Cardiotomy cutting myocardium opening heart
• Skin dermatome cutting instrument grafting
• Colic paroxysm acute abdominal pain hollow organ e.g
• Skeletal muscle spasm pain difficulty movement
• Arterial spasm ischemia can cause
• Backache pain back is in
• Adrenocorticotrophic hormone acth stimulates adrenal cortex secrete
• Trophoblast layer placenta responsible implantation nutrition embryo. 
• Trophozoite vegetative form protozoan opposed resting reproductive
• Decrease size wasting tissue part body. 
• Hidradenoma benign tumor sweat gland origin; 
• Dyskinesia difficulty movement;  in
• Natural body passage opening a
• Hypoxemia low oxygen tension blood
• Carcinogenesis process cancer induction is
• Primigravida lady 1st pregnancy.  is
• Cholelithiasis biliary passages gallbladder stones. 
• Chronic inflammation illness long duration
• Chronophobia fear time prisoners.  is
• Electrocardiogram instrument displays electrical impulses generated heart. 
• Ergophobia fear work including surgical operations
• Acrophobia fear heights.  is of
• Immunity protection disease is from
• Mycology science concerned study fungi
• Mycological culture media are  grow fungi vitro e.g. 
• Pyogenic infection bacteria.  are by
• Purulent discharge yellowish thick viscid pus discharge. 
• Septicemia bacterial proliferation blood.  is
• Pyrogen fever inducing substance.  is
• Antipyretic drug lowers high body temperature
• Thrombosis coagulation blood is of
• Thrombocytopenia reduced platelet count peripheral blood
• Antiviral drugs kill viruses.  are
• Ideology visionary theorization.  is
• Idiopathic disease unknown is of
• Lymphoblast immature precursors lymphocytes.  is
• Cell producing collagen fibers.  a
• Fibrous tissue rich collagen fibers
• Aneurysm weakness abnormal dilatation blood vessel 
• Morphology study cell's tissue's appearance
• Adenocarcinoma malignant tumor glandular tissue origin
• Hematemesis vomiting blood.  of
• Hematological tests investigations blood  diseases
•  lymph nodes specialized organs lymphoid tissue
• Mucus membrane lining epithelium secreting mucus. 
• Mucorrhoea excessive secretion mucus is
• Proteinacinous fluid  a rich protein; 
• Amyloid abnormal protein starch characters. 
• Pediatrics study diseases childhood.  of
• Cheirospasm muscle spasm hand is
• Menstrual cycle monthly bleeding female. 
• Amenorrhoea absent menses due pregnancy menopause ovarian failure
• Sarcoma malignant tumor soft tissue
• State unconsciousness.  a of
• Drowsiness
• Psychoanalysis anticipation intentions actions of
• Psychosis fundamental derangement is
• Pueumothorax presence air thoracic cavity
• Cholecystography radiological visualization gallbladder radio-contrast medium
• Lipoblast immature cell precursor fatty tissue. 
• Lipoma benign tumor adipose tissue, 
• Oropharynx part pharynx connected oral cavity
• Rhinoplasty surgical repair deformed nose
• Mentally ill unstable person a
• Chemophylaxis protection chemicals(drugs by
• Menorrhagia excessive bleeding menstruation at
• Herniorrhaphy surgical repair herhnia of
• Erythrocytorrhexis rupturing rbcs of the
• Hemostasis stop bleeding
• Mitral stenosis narrowing valve of
• State euthyroid normal thyroid function. 
• Malabsorption state faulty impaired absorption. 
• Geriopsychosis dementia age alzheimer disease
• Oligomenorrhoea scanty menstruation is
• Flexion bending joint decreasing angle bones
• Peristalsis peripheral compression describes intestinal motility
• Edema accumulation fluid extravascular space. 
• Trauma injury physical e.g wound psychological
• Reduction bringing fractured ends bone
• Amniotic amniocentesis puncturing cavity gravid uterus aspiration fluid
• Chronic means marked long duration frequent recurrence inflammation
• Breast ductectasia dilatation ductal system mass
• Biopsy taking live tissue sample pathological study. 
• Acute sudden onset short inflammation
• Inhibition stop prevent action is
• Surgical pyloroplasty repair widening pylorus improve gastric emptying
• Orchiopexy bringing undescended testis scrotal sac fixing surgically
• Incision cut sharp instrument knife scalpel
• Vagotomy exploring cutting vagi nerves chronic peptic ulcer. 
• Section action separation cutting to
• Caesarean section delivery neonate cutting abdominal wall uterus. 
• Spasm involuntary and  abnormal muscle contraction
• Bronchospasm asthma can  shortness breath
• Crushing tripsy intentional in  lithotripsy fragmentation and  stones. 
• Hidradenitis inflammation sweat glands is
• Deficiency oxygen of
• Drugs bacteriostatic arrest bacterial proliferation tetracyclins
• Oncogenic viruses induce tumors human papilloma virus epstein
• Gravid uterus pregnant is a
• Lithotomy remove stone surgically is
• Order chronological events time age
• Electrocution death exposure high electric current
• Prosthesis artificial addition e.g valve head femur
• Acrodermatitis inflammation skin  acral parts extremities including tips
• Immune immunodeficiency disorders result lack responses aids acquired
• Pyonephrosis distention pelvi-calyceal system kidney pus
• Antiseptics chemical kill infective microorganisms
• Blood thrombus solid mass derived constituents fibrin entangled
• Viremia circulation viruses peripheral blood
• Ideotic idiocy mental deficiency. 
• Hepatoblastoma tumor immature precursors hepatocytes
• Cytological diagnosis based study morphology cells
• Histiocytes tissue cells derived blood monocytes. 
• Mass undisolved material transferred part circulation impacted
• Metamorphosis change form appearance life cycle frog
• Lymphoma malignant tumor lymphoid tissue. 
• Mucus viscid secretion glandular epithelium lining respiratory passages. 
• Proteolytic enzyme breaks protein protease
• Androgens hormones producing male secondary characters
• Cheilitis inflammation lip is of
• Abdominal laparoscope instrument visualize cavity inserted small opening
• Psychotherapy treatment mental disease emotional disturbance psychological methods. 
• Somatic cells body compose tissues. 
• Somatic illness disease body psyche
• Spirometer instrument measures volume air entering leaving lungs
• Glucosuria passage glucose urine.  is
• Lipolytic enzymes break fats down
• Excessive nasal discharge(mucus
• Teratology studying embryological origin for  birth defects
• Arthrocentesis puncture joint of a
• Gastromegaly enlargment stomach of the
• Amastia refers rare clinical anomaly breast tissue nipple
• Hyperthermia  is condition individual's body temperature elevated normal
• Care prenatal time events birth pregnancy
• Bacteria aerobic oxygen is a
• Atherosclerosis refers buildup fats cholesterol substances artery walls
• Cryotherapy cryopreservation extreme cold freeze remove abnormal tissue
• Hyperesthesia condition involves abnormal increase sensitivity stimuli sense
• Gynecology  is medical practice dealing health female reproductive
• Excessive hyperkinesia refers increase muscular activity result abnormal
• Narcotic drug substance affects mood behaviour consumed non-medical
• Schizophrenia mind split become
• Scoliosis abnormal lateral curvature spine
• Hypertrophy increase volume organ tissue due enlargement component
• Xanthemia excess carotene blood stream skin turn pale
• Aspermia absence sperm semen of
• Antibiotic microorganism against
• Contraception pregnancy against
• Side hemiplegia paralysis half body
• Intercellular matrix material(matrix fills spaces cells
• Metaplasia abnormal change nature tissue
• Prophylaxis protection infection before
• Pain retrosternal breast bone the
• Myalgia pain muscle of the
• Glands endocrine secrete product blood
• Antiemetic drug stop vomiting to
• Osteomalacia abnormal softening bone of
• Multi para pregnancy
• Dyspepsia difficulty digestion of
• Hydrophobia ic fear water from
• Thyroid hyperthyroidism state increased function due overproduction hormones. 
• Achlorohydria absence hydrochloric acid gastric secretions. 
• Antipyretic drug reduces elevated body temperature fever
• Decolorization destaining removal of  colors
• Discoloration abnormality loss normal coloration
• Inaudible heard cannot be
• Immobilization prevent movement
• Impermeable passage of  substances fluid its 
• Flow retrograde backward opposed normal forward
• Intravenous injections deliver drugs the  veins
• Extracellular space  is cells the
• Antecedents ancestors parents. 
• Examination postmortem dissection death discover
• Premedical studies that  prepare medicine. 
• Premalignant conditions that  occur predispose to  malignancy. 
• Metabolism  is sum chemical reactions living cells energy
• Ectopic normal anatomic locatio n thymic tissue found
• Exocrine glands deliver secretions ducts salivary
• Endotoxin  is toxic bacterial product inside cell liberated
• Endoscope  is instrument visualize  hollow organs cavities e.g
• Encapsulated tumor enclosed  capsule.  is
• Entoderm endoderm embryonic hayer the
• Epiglottis located guards glottis is
• Epidermis outer keratinizing  squamous epithelium covering layer of 
• Mesosalpinx mesovarium mesocolon related peritoneal folds fallopian tube
• Presence heterotopia ectopic:  abnormal  anatomical site e.g island
• Leptophonic thin voice.  has
• Leptospirosis infection certain  bacteria thin spiral shape
• Skin pachydermatosis diseases characterized thickening
• Structure superior refers being  closer head higher  the 
• Structure medial refers being  closer midline or  median
• Proximal refers structure  closer root  limb another  structure
• Hyperextension excessive  extension of  parts a  joint beyond 
• Pronation turning arm foot  downward palm sole foot
• Circumduction tri-planar circular motion  hip shoulder
• Internal rotation hip  shoulder toward  midline
• Dorsiflexion ankle movement bringing foot towards  shin
• Ulnar deviation movement wrist towards  ulna medial side
• Orthodontics branch dentistry deals  irregularities teeth correction
• Pandemic affecting large number individuals wide geographic area
• Pancytopenia reduced blood cells anemia leukopenia thrombocytopenia
• Autoimmunity mounting immune response antigens
• Autograft  a tissue organ transplanted part body
• Parts symmetry correspondence size shape and  relative position
• Syndrome  a group signs symptoms occur characterize abnormality
• Telepathy apparent communication mind  extrasensory reading other  people's
• Myomalacia softening muscle due to  ischemic necrosis. 
• Thrombocytopenia decrease platelets blood.  is
• Pleurodynia pain pleural origin.  is
• Toxemia circulating toxins blood is
• Paraplegia paralysis lower half body. 
• Hematuria voiding bloody urine is
• Allergy hypersensitivity reaction foreign substances food drug
• Ascites accumulation fluid peritoneal cavity disseminated malignancy peritoneum
• Hernia protrusion organ part connective tissue wall cavity
• Hyperbilirubinemia  (bilirubin pigment product  of hemoglobin metabolism synthesized 
• Autolysis disintegration tissues death is
• Hemarthrosis blood joint cavity;  is
• Neurosis personality disorder anxiety states phobias obsessions
• Psychosis fundemental mental derangement characterized defective lost contact
• Remission amelioration or  disappearance symptoms activity a  chronic
• Melaena passage black tarry stools upper gastrointestinal tract
• Incompetence failed performance function mitral valve due chronic
• Urticaria allergic skin reaction  characterized erythema redness swelling
• Tonsillitis inflammation tonsil  of the

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