First Stage_HMU_Medical English (Terminology)

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• Hydrophobia ic fear water from
• Chemophylaxis protection chemicals(drugs by
• Menorrhagia excessive bleeding menstruation at
• Herniorrhaphy surgical repair herhnia of
• Erythrocytorrhexis rupturing rbcs of the
• Arthrocentesis puncture joint of a
• Thoracotomy incision chest of the
• Gastromegaly enlargment stomach of the
• Amastia refers rare clinical anomaly breast tissue nipple
• Hyperthermia  is condition individual's body temperature elevated normal
• Care prenatal time events birth pregnancy
• Pericarditis inflammation heart  around the
• Neuroplasty surgical repair nerves of
• Otorhinolaryngology study ears,nose throat of
• Bacteria aerobic oxygen is a
• Atherosclerosis refers buildup fats cholesterol substances artery walls
• Barometer instrument measures atmospheric pressure
• Carcinogenic potential cancer having to
• Chondrosclerosis  is hardening bone cartilage surface. 
• Cryotherapy cryopreservation extreme cold freeze remove abnormal tissue
• Cyanosis bluish color in
• Dextrocardia heart located right.  the
• Polydipsia excessive thirst excess drinking
• Erythroderma inflammatory skin disease redness
• Hyperesthesia condition involves abnormal increase sensitivity stimuli sense
• Geriatric medicine specialty focuses health care elderly people
• Gynecology  is medical practice dealing health female reproductive
• Homeostasis state steady internal physical chemical conditions maintained
• Excessive hyperkinesia refers increase muscular activity result abnormal
• Lithiasis formation stony concretions calculi body gall bladder
• Narcotic drug substance affects mood behaviour consumed non-medical
• Necrosis death cells organ tissue body
• Nocturia urinate night at
• Dysphagia difficulty swallowing eating in
• Pseudopregnancy false pregnancy.  a
• Pyogenic production pus of
• Salpingitis inflammation fallopian tube of
• Schizophrenia mind split become
• Scleroderma hardening skin of the
• Scoliosis abnormal lateral curvature spine
• Hypotonia loss tension resistance of
• Hypertrophy increase volume organ tissue due enlargement component
• Xanthemia excess carotene blood stream skin turn pale
• Xerophthalmia dryness eyes of the
• Aspermia absence sperm semen of
• Abnormal normal  away from
• Antepartum hemorrhage bleeding birth the
• Antibiotic microorganism against
• Autolysis lysis self
• Brachypnea shortness breath in
• Bradypnea slow breathing
• Contraception pregnancy against
• Dysfunction abnormal functioning difficult function
• Side hemiplegia paralysis half body
• Hypertension abnormally high blood pressure
• Hypotension abnormally low blood pressure
• Intercellular matrix material(matrix fills spaces cells
• Isotonic pressure concentration same
• Malfunction bad functioning
• Metaplasia abnormal change nature tissue
• Oligohydramnios amniotic fluid few
• Pericardium heart around the
• Prophylaxis protection infection before
• Reinfection infected cause to become
• Pain retrosternal breast bone the
• Supra-hepatic superior structure liver or
• Tachycardia fast beating heart
• Myalgia pain muscle of the
• Osteoblast immature cell bone of
• Bactericidal substance kills bacteria a
• Glands endocrine secrete product blood
• Hematocrit separation blood.  of the
• Bronchiectasis expanding bronchus of
• Antiemetic drug stop vomiting to
• Anesthesia sensation no
• Osteomalacia abnormal softening bone of
• Sigmoid similar sigma shape to
• Myopia nearsightedness
• Gastrostomy opening stomach of
• Multi para pregnancy
• Leukcytopenia deficiency white blood cells. 
• Dyspepsia difficulty digestion of
• Herniopexy fixing hernia of
• Hemostasis stop bleeding
• Mitral stenosis narrowing valve of
• Thoracotomy surgical incision chest in
• Anemia absence blood of
• State euthyroid normal thyroid function. 
• Euphoria feeling happy is a
• Malabsorption state faulty impaired absorption. 
• Malaise feeling ill is a
• Neoplasm growth tumor a is
• Neonate  is newborn child a
• Geriopsychosis dementia age alzheimer disease
• Polymenorrhoea increased frequency menstruation.  is
• Polyuria increased frequency urination is
• Oligomenorrhoea scanty menstruation is
• Hyperglycemia increased level blood sugar. 
• Thyroid hyperthyroidism state increased function due overproduction hormones. 
• Hyperpyrexia  is high body temperature degrees centigrade
• Aphasia:  loss speech is of
• Achlorohydria absence hydrochloric acid gastric secretions. 
• Aspermia absent spermatozoa semen is
• Pain without
• Anosmia loss smell sensation is
• Antipyretic drug reduces elevated body temperature fever
• Contraindications conditions prevent drug treatment
• Decalcification removal calcification of
• Decolorization destaining removal of  colors
• Depigmentation removal pigment of
• Disorder loss order.  of
• Disinfection sterilization
• Discoloration abnormality loss normal coloration
• Insomnia  is sleeplessness
• Insufficient  is enough.  not
• Inefficient bad performance.  is
• Inaudible heard cannot be
• Impolite nice behavior not in
• Immortal eternal
• Immobilization prevent movement
• Endocardium layer heart the is
• Impermeable passage of  substances fluid its 
• Retroorbital swelling bulge eyes forward
• Flow retrograde backward opposed normal forward
• Retrograde catheterization urinary tract discover point obstruction
• Intradural swelling dura in  spinal canal. 
• Intravenous injections deliver drugs the  veins
• Intramuscular injections deliver drugs muscle. 
• Intraocular pressure inside eyeball the
• Intracranial  is skull within the
• Extracellular space  is cells the
• Extraordinary usual remarkably exceptional is
• Antemortem death.  before
• Antecedents ancestors parents. 
• Postnatal care mother neonate birth
• Examination postmortem dissection death discover
• Postnasal drip flow mucous secretion posterior part nasal
• Postpartum hemorrhage vaginal bleeding labor
• Premedical studies that  prepare medicine. 
• Premalignant conditions that  occur predispose to  malignancy. 
• Presacral swelling situated anterior sacrum
• Cryptorchidism  is undescended testis. 
• Cryptogenic cirrhosis  is cirrhosis unknown
• Metachromasia undergoing color change reactions. 
• Metabolism  is sum chemical reactions living cells energy
• Ectoderm outer embryonic layer is
• Ectocyst  is outer layer cyst
• Ectopic normal anatomic locatio n thymic tissue found
• Exotoxin  is toxic bacterial product  secreted cell. 
• Exophthalmus outward bulge eyes primary hyperthyroidism grave's disease). 
• Exocrine glands deliver secretions ducts salivary
• Endotoxin  is toxic bacterial product inside cell liberated
• Endoscope  is instrument visualize  hollow organs cavities e.g
• Nocturnal dyspnoea  is difficulty breathing occurring night sleep
• Nocturia increased urination night is
• Encephalitis inflammation brain tissue.  is
• Encyst enclose cyst.  is to
• Encapsulated tumor enclosed  capsule.  is
• Entrap catch trap.  is to
• Enuresis urinate bed is to
• Entoderm endoderm embryonic hayer the
• Entocornea corneal layer descment's membrane
• Epiglottis located guards glottis is
• Epigastrium part  abdomen stomach the
• Epidermis outer keratinizing  squamous epithelium covering layer of 
• Mesoderm middle germ layer embryo
• Mesothelium epithelium derived mesoderm e.g lining pleural peritoneal
• Mesosalpinx mesovarium mesocolon related peritoneal folds fallopian tube
• Heterogeneous consisting different  constituents mixed
• Heterograft organ tissue a  donor grafted recipient another 
• Presence heterotopia ectopic:  abnormal  anatomical site e.g island
• Heterozygous genes at  loci homologous  chromosomes
• Homogenous uniform texture structure or
• Homozygous identical genes loci homologous chromosomes
• Homologous position relative structure.  having
• Homosexual sexual desire member sex
• Leptomeninges pia-arachnoid thin meningeal covering brain spinal cord. 
• Leptophonic thin voice.  has
• Leptospirosis infection certain  bacteria thin spiral shape
• Pachymeningitis inflammation dura thick outer meningeal covering brain
• Pachynoychia thick nails
• Skin pachydermatosis diseases characterized thickening
• Structure superior refers being  closer head higher  the 
• Structure inferior refers closer feet lower body
• Structure anterior refers front body 
• Structure posterior refers being  back another  body
• Structure medial refers being  closer midline or  median
• Structure lateral refers being  farther midline the  body
• Structure limb distal refers root
• Proximal refers structure  closer root  limb another  structure
• Superficial refers structure being  closer surface the  body
• Structure deep refers being  closer core body 
• Ventral front belly towards the
• Dorsal back towards the
• Prone lying face down
• Supine lying face up
• Unilateral pertaining side body to
• Bilateral pertaining sides body to
• Flexion bending joint decreasing angle bones
• Extension straightening joint increasing  angle bones
• Omnivorous feeding animals plants on
• Hyperextension excessive  extension of  parts a  joint beyond 
• Body adduction moving part the  midline
• Body abduction moving part midline
• Pronation turning arm foot  downward palm sole foot
• Foot supination turning arm upward palm sole
• Retraction moving part backward a
• Protraction moving part forward a
• Elevation raising part a
• Depression lowering part a
• Rotation turning single axis  on
• Circumduction tri-planar circular motion  hip shoulder
• Internal rotation hip  shoulder toward  midline
• External rotation hip  shoulder away  midline
• Lateral flexion side-bending left or
• Inversion turning sole foot the
• Eversion turning sole foot outward
• Dorsiflexion ankle movement bringing foot towards  shin
• Plantarflexion ankle movement pointing foot  downward
• Radial deviation movement wrist radius lateral side
• Ulnar deviation movement wrist towards  ulna medial side
• Opposition movement thumb across  palm hand
• Megalomania mania grandiose performance is
• Orthopedics  is medical science deals treatment skeletal deformities
• Orthodontics branch dentistry deals  irregularities teeth correction
• Pseudoarthrosis false joint fibrous union fracture
• Recur back.  comes
• Sclerotic stroma hard fibrous
• Omnipotent unlimited power authority.  having
• Pandemic affecting large number individuals wide geographic area
• Pancytopenia reduced blood cells anemia leukopenia thrombocytopenia
• Pancarditis inflammation layers heart endocardium myocardium pericardium
• Autoimmunity mounting immune response antigens
• Auto antibody immunoglobulin reactive self-antigen
• Autograft  a tissue organ transplanted part body
• Symbiosis state living two  dissimilar organisms intimate relationship
• Parts symmetry correspondence size shape and  relative position
• Synchronous existing happening time.  or
• Synergism interaction agents drugs additive effect greater sum
• Synonym words expressions meaning significance
• Syndrome  a group signs symptoms occur characterize abnormality
• Telephone instrument reproduces sounds  distance. 
• Telescope optical instrument viewing  distant objects. 
• Telepathy apparent communication mind  extrasensory reading other  people's
• Ultracentrifuge high-speed centrifuge sediment colloidal small particles
• Loss anaesthesia sensation consciousness.  of
• Paraesthesia prickling tingling sensation is
• Xerosis dryness. 
• Xerostomia dry mouth
• Myomalacia softening muscle due to  ischemic necrosis. 
• Diplopia double vision. 
• Hypermetropia sightedness far
• Thrombocytopenia decrease platelets blood.  is
• Analgesia insensitivity pain loss consciousness. 
• Myasthenia muscle weakness.  is
• Pleurodynia pain pleural origin.  is
• Cardiodynia pain cardiac origin is
• Hyperuricemia increased uric acid blood
• Toxemia circulating toxins blood is
• Septicemia circulation proliferation virulent bacteria blood
• Claustrophobia fear closed places.  is
• Paraplegia paralysis lower half body. 
• Hypercalciuria increased urinary excretion calcium
• Hematuria voiding bloody urine is
• Allergy hypersensitivity reaction foreign substances food drug
• Allergen substance induces allergy =allergenic
• Ascites accumulation fluid peritoneal cavity disseminated malignancy peritoneum
• Coarctation compression wall vessel congenital aorta
• Hernia protrusion organ part connective tissue wall cavity
• Ischemia reduction blood supply organ tissue myocardial due
• Frequency number repetitions periodic process unit time. 
• Jaundice yellowish discoloration of  skin sclera eye
• Hyperbilirubinemia  (bilirubin pigment product  of hemoglobin metabolism synthesized 
• Laceration irregular wound tear is
• Pruritis itching sensation skin.  is
• Cholelithiasis means stones biliary passages. 
• Lysis process disintegration dissolution.  is
• Lysate product lysis.  is the
• Autolysis disintegration tissues death is
• Lysosome membrane bound cellular organelle hydrolytic enzymes
• Hemarthrosis blood joint cavity;  is
• Osteoarthrosis degenerative disease joints oa
• Neurosis personality disorder anxiety states phobias obsessions
• Psychosis fundemental mental derangement characterized defective lost contact
• Erythropoesis formation red blood cells
• Spermatogenesis process formation maturation spermatozoa
• Exacerbation active episode chronic disease illness. 
• Remission amelioration or  disappearance symptoms activity a  chronic
• Hemorrhage means bleeding
• Hemoptysis spitting blood expectoration is
• Rhinoplasty surgical repair deformed nose
• Melaena passage black tarry stools upper gastrointestinal tract
• Epistaxis nose bleeding is
• Diarrhoea increased frequency bowel motions
• Nausea means stomach distress distaste food urge vomit
• Incompetence failed performance function mitral valve due chronic
• Alopecia loss hair.  is the
• Urticaria allergic skin reaction  characterized erythema redness swelling
• Syncope fainting attack is a
• Biopsy taking live tissue sample pathological study. 
• Necropsy postmortem examination is
• Acute sudden onset short inflammation
• Chronic means marked long duration frequent recurrence inflammation
• Arthrodesis surgical induction join fusion. 
• Brochiectasis irreversible dilatation bronchial tree. 
• Breast ductectasia dilatation ductal system mass
• Hypermesis gravidorum exaggerated vomiting early pregnancy
• Stimulation excite activity growth to
• Stimulus activating agent is an
• Inhibition stop prevent action is
• Inhibitor agent restrains prevent action
• Peristalsis peripheral compression describes intestinal motility
• Claudication limping intermittent pain due ischemia lower limbs
• Edema accumulation fluid extravascular space. 
• Fibrillation spontaneous rapid contraction individual muscle fibers
• Concussion hard blow collision.  a
• Trauma injury physical e.g wound psychological
• Fracture brake continuity e.g bone. 
• Reduction bringing fractured ends bone
• Centesis puncture drain cavity.  to
• Amniotic amniocentesis puncturing cavity gravid uterus aspiration fluid
• Pleurocentesis draining pleural cavity is
• Periniorrhaphy surgical repair lax perineum
• Surgical pyloroplasty repair widening pylorus improve gastric emptying
• Orchiopexy bringing undescended testis scrotal sac fixing surgically
• Limb amputation removal part of
• Resection surgical removal part is
• Excise cut remove  is to
• Incision cut sharp instrument knife scalpel
• Laparotomy opening abdomen the
• Cardiotomy cutting myocardium opening heart
• Vagotomy exploring cutting vagi nerves chronic peptic ulcer. 
• Skin dermatome cutting instrument grafting
• Myotome muscle cutting instrument is
• Section action separation cutting to
• Caesarean section delivery neonate cutting abdominal wall uterus. 
• Colic paroxysm acute abdominal pain hollow organ e.g
• Spasm involuntary and  abnormal muscle contraction
• Skeletal muscle spasm pain difficulty movement
• Arterial spasm ischemia can cause
• Bronchospasm asthma can  shortness breath
• Backache pain back is in
• Crushing tripsy intentional in  lithotripsy fragmentation and  stones. 
• Adrenocorticotrophic hormone acth stimulates adrenal cortex secrete
• Trophoblast layer placenta responsible implantation nutrition embryo. 
• Trophozoite vegetative form protozoan opposed resting reproductive
• Decrease size wasting tissue part body. 
• Hidradenoma benign tumor sweat gland origin; 
• Hidradenitis inflammation sweat glands is
• Dyskinesia difficulty movement;  in
• Natural body passage opening a
• Deficiency oxygen of
• Hypoxemia low oxygen tension blood
• Drugs bacteriostatic arrest bacterial proliferation tetracyclins
• Carcinogenesis process cancer induction is
• Oncogenic viruses induce tumors human papilloma virus epstein
• Primigravida lady 1st pregnancy.  is
• Gravid uterus pregnant is a
• Cholelithiasis biliary passages gallbladder stones. 
• Lithotomy remove stone surgically is
• Chronic inflammation illness long duration
• Chronophobia fear time prisoners.  is
• Order chronological events time age
• Electrocardiogram instrument displays electrical impulses generated heart. 
• Electrocution death exposure high electric current
• Ergophobia fear work including surgical operations
• Acrophobia fear heights.  is of
• Acrodermatitis inflammation skin  acral parts extremities including tips
• Immunity protection disease is from
• Immune immunodeficiency disorders result lack responses aids acquired
• Mycology science concerned study fungi
• Mycological culture media are  grow fungi vitro e.g. 
• Pyogenic infection bacteria.  are by
• Purulent discharge yellowish thick viscid pus discharge. 
• Pyonephrosis distention pelvi-calyceal system kidney pus
• Septicemia bacterial proliferation blood.  is
• Antiseptics chemical kill infective microorganisms
• Pyrogen fever inducing substance.  is
• Antipyretic drug lowers high body temperature
• Thrombosis coagulation blood is of
• Blood thrombus solid mass derived constituents fibrin entangled
• Thrombocytopenia reduced platelet count peripheral blood
• Antiviral drugs kill viruses.  are
• Viremia circulation viruses peripheral blood
• Ideology visionary theorization.  is
• Ideotic idiocy mental deficiency. 
• Idiopathic disease unknown is of
• Lymphoblast immature precursors lymphocytes.  is
• Hepatoblastoma tumor immature precursors hepatocytes
• Cytological diagnosis based study morphology cells
• Cell producing collagen fibers.  a
• Fibrous tissue rich collagen fibers
• Histiocytes tissue cells derived blood monocytes. 
• Aneurysm weakness abnormal dilatation blood vessel 
• Mass undisolved material transferred part circulation impacted
• Morphology study cell's tissue's appearance
• Metamorphosis change form appearance life cycle frog
• Adenocarcinoma malignant tumor glandular tissue origin
• Hematemesis vomiting blood.  of
• Hematological tests investigations blood  diseases
• Lymphoma malignant tumor lymphoid tissue. 
•  lymph nodes specialized organs lymphoid tissue
• Mucus viscid secretion glandular epithelium lining respiratory passages. 
• Mucus membrane lining epithelium secreting mucus. 
• Mucorrhoea excessive secretion mucus is
• Proteinacinous fluid  a rich protein; 
• Proteolytic enzyme breaks protein protease
• Amyloid abnormal protein starch characters. 
• Androgens hormones producing male secondary characters
• Pediatrics study diseases childhood.  of
• Cheirospasm muscle spasm hand is
• Cheilitis inflammation lip is of
• Abdominal laparoscope instrument visualize cavity inserted small opening
• Menstrual cycle monthly bleeding female. 
• Amenorrhoea absent menses due pregnancy menopause ovarian failure
• Prosthesis artificial addition e.g valve head femur
• Sarcoma malignant tumor soft tissue
• State unconsciousness.  a of
• Drowsiness
• Mentally ill unstable person a
• Psychoanalysis anticipation intentions actions of
• Psychotherapy treatment mental disease emotional disturbance psychological methods. 
• Psychosis fundamental derangement is
• Somatic cells body compose tissues. 
• Somatic illness disease body psyche
• Pueumothorax presence air thoracic cavity
• Spirometer instrument measures volume air entering leaving lungs
• Cholecystography radiological visualization gallbladder radio-contrast medium
• Glucosuria passage glucose urine.  is
• Lipoblast immature cell precursor fatty tissue. 
• Lipoma benign tumor adipose tissue, 
• Lipolytic enzymes break fats down
• Oropharynx part pharynx connected oral cavity
• Excessive nasal discharge(mucus
• Teratology studying embryological origin for  birth defects
• Tonsillitis inflammation tonsil  of the

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