A-Level Biology OCR A
Bonds Hydrogen Glucose Strength Form Cellulose Wrt Bonding
Cellulose is insoluble and forms linear fibers (beta 1,4 bonds) with high tensile strength due to intermolecular hydrogen bonds between parallel chains, providing structural support while remaining water-permeable.
La celulosa es insoluble y forma fibras lineales (beta 1,4 enlaces) con alta resistencia a la tracción debido a enlaces de hidrógeno intermoleculares entre cadenas paralelas, proporcionando soporte estructural pero siendo permeable al agua.
| Front |
Relate structural properties to the functions of cellulose wrt solubility, size, bonding and presence of side chains. |
| Back |
Solubility & Size- Insoluble - does not dissolve away - forms good barrier between cytoplasm and exterior
- Too large of a molecule, overcomes water's hydrogen bonds attempting to separate the molecules (~10000 glucose molecules in a chain)
- Length of chain gives it good tensile strength - supports cells, preventing them from bursting allowing cells to become turgid which gives plant tissue support and strength
Bonding & Side chains - Composed of beta glucose molecules, each consecutive one is flipped forming beta 1,4 glycosidic bonds
- Because each consecutive glucose is flipped wrt previous one there is no helical structure or intramolecular hydrogen bonds between different -OH groups - linear chains
- Each chain is parallel to each other - form intermolecular hydrogen bonds - 80 of them form microfibrils which form macrofibrils - additional strength
- Cellulose fibrils run in different directions - give cell wall extra support
- Water can fill space between fibrils - fully permeable allowing for ions/molecules to enter cell
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A-Level Biology OCR A