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A-Level Biology OCR A

Mechanism Soluble Pass Hydrophobic Csm Explain Properties Types

Lipid-soluble hormones (steroids) pass through the cell membrane and nuclear envelope to bind DNA and initiate gene transcription. Water-soluble hormones bind to surface receptors, triggering second messenger cascades within the cell.

Las hormonas liposolubles (esteroides) atraviesan la membrana celular y el núcleo para unirse al ADN e iniciar la transcripción génica. Las hormonas hidrosolubles no pueden atravesar la membrana y se unen a receptores de superficie, activando segundos mensajeros que inician cascadas enzimáticas.

Front Explain how properties of two types of hormone affect the mechanism by which they can influence cells.
Back Mechanism of action of different hormones:
  • Lipid soluble (steroids) - pass through hydrophobic CSM phospholipid bilayer, & through nuclear envelope, binding to DNA and initiating gene transcription and translation
  • Water soluble - unable to pass through hydrophobic CSM therefore bind to receptors on surface of cell, causing release/formation of second messengers which initiate enzyme cascades within cell

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