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A-Level Biology OCR A

Specialised Transport Lots Food Waste Diffusion Distances Transported

Most animals require specialized transport systems due to high metabolic rates, low surface area to volume ratios, and the need to efficiently move hormones, digested food, and waste products.

Most animals need specialized transport systems due to high metabolic demands, low surface area to volume ratios, the need to transport hormones/enzymes, digested food, and waste products over long distances.

Front State 5 reasons why most animals need specialised transport systems.
Back Need for specialised transport systems in animals:
  • High metabolic demands - lots of oxygen and food required and lots of waste products, diffusion over long distances is not enough 
  • Low surface area to volume ratio - as orgs get bigger, diffusion distances get bigger and amount of SA available to absorb/remove substances gets relatively smaller
  • Hormones/Enzymes are made in one place but needed in another
  • Food digested in one organ system then needs toe transported to every cell for respiration & other uses
  • Waste products need to be removed from cells and transported to excretory organs 

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