Question

harsh adj.粗糙的,荒芜的,苛刻的,刺耳的,刺目的 There are many shades of meaning for the word harsh depending on its context, but all imply that something is more unpleasant than it needs to be. Harsh lighting hurts your eyes. A harsh disciplinarian gives out punishments that are too severe. Whereas constructive criticism is usually helpful, a harsh critique will only make you upset. The harsh reality of the world today is that millions of people are starving while others have too much. ★★☆☆☆ 2007.3

Accepted Answer

[ha:ʃ] Harsh means severe or strict, particularly when referring to punishment. It would be a harsh punishment, if you got grounded for two weeks just for coming home a little late for dinner. Steelworkers, airline employees, and now those in the auto industry are joining millions of families who must worry about interest rates, stock market fluctuation, and the harsh reality that they may outlive their retirement money. 1[ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词]（气候或条件）艰苦的，恶劣的，严峻的 Harsh climates or conditions are very difficult for people, animals, and plants to live in. The weather grew harsh, chilly and unpredictable.天气变得恶劣、寒冷且变化莫测。...the harsh desert environment.恶劣的沙漠环境...after the harsh experience of the war.经历了严酷的战争之后harshness...the harshness of their living conditions.他们艰苦的生活条件2[ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词]（言行）严厉的，无情的 Harsh actions or speech are unkind and show no understanding or sympathy. ...the cold, harsh cruelty of her husband...她丈夫冷酷无情的残忍He said many harsh and unkind things about his opponents.他以尖刻恶毒的语言大肆抨击自己的对手。harshlyShe's been told that her husband is being harshly treated in prison...她被告知自己的丈夫正在监狱里遭受虐待。'Why didn't you tell me before?' asked Hunter harshly.“你为什么不早告诉我？”亨特厉声问道。harshness...treating him with great harshness.非常严厉地对待他3[ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词]粗陋的；刺目的；粗糙的 Something that is harsh is so hard, bright, or rough that it seems unpleasant or harmful. Tropical colours may look rather harsh in our dull northern light.热带色彩在我们北方暗淡的光线下可能显得有点刺目。...harsher detergents that can leave hair brittle.会让发质变脆弱的刺激性较强的洗发水harshness...as the wine ages, losing its bitter harshness.酒越放越醇4[ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词]（声音）刺耳的，难听的 Harsh voices and sounds are ones that are rough and unpleasant to listen to. It's a pity she has such a loud harsh voice.可惜她的嗓门太大太难听了。harshlyChris laughed harshly.克里斯笑得很刺耳。harshnessThen in a tone of abrupt harshness, he added, 'Open these trunks!'.然后他又突然厉声说道，“把这些大箱子打开！”5[ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词]（现实、真相）残酷的，无情的 If you talk about harsh realities or facts, or the harsh truth, you are emphasizing that they are true or real, although they are unpleasant and people try to avoid thinking about them.   [emphasis]The harsh truth is that luck plays a big part in who will live or die.残酷的事实是，谁死谁活在很大程度上要靠运气。

英语单词	harsh
英美音标	[ha:ʃ]
中文释义	adj.粗糙的,荒芜的,苛刻的,刺耳的,刺目的
vocab简明	Harsh means severe or strict, particularly when referring to punishment. It would be a harsh punishment, if you got grounded for two weeks just for coming home a little late for dinner.
vocab扩展	There are many shades of meaning for the word harsh depending on its context, but all imply that something is more unpleasant than it needs to be. Harsh lighting hurts your eyes. A harsh disciplinarian gives out punishments that are too severe. Whereas constructive criticism is usually helpful, a harsh critique will only make you upset. The harsh reality of the world today is that millions of people are starving while others have too much.
真题原句	Steelworkers, airline employees, and now those in the auto industry are joining millions of families who must worry about interest rates, stock market fluctuation, and the harsh reality that they may outlive their retirement money.
柯林斯星级	★★☆☆☆
柯林斯解释	1 [ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词]（气候或条件）艰苦的，恶劣的，严峻的 Harsh climates or conditions are very difficult for people, animals, and plants to live in. The weather grew harsh, chilly and unpredictable. 天气变得恶劣、寒冷且变化莫测。 ...the harsh desert environment. 恶劣的沙漠环境 ...after the harsh experience of the war. 经历了严酷的战争之后 harshness ...the harshness of their living conditions. 他们艰苦的生活条件 2 [ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词]（言行）严厉的，无情的 Harsh actions or speech are unkind and show no understanding or sympathy. ...the cold, harsh cruelty of her husband... 她丈夫冷酷无情的残忍 He said many harsh and unkind things about his opponents. 他以尖刻恶毒的语言大肆抨击自己的对手。 harshly She's been told that her husband is being harshly treated in prison... 她被告知自己的丈夫正在监狱里遭受虐待。 'Why didn't you tell me before?' asked Hunter harshly. “你为什么不早告诉我？”亨特厉声问道。 harshness ...treating him with great harshness. 非常严厉地对待他 3 [ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词]粗陋的；刺目的；粗糙的 Something that is harsh is so hard, bright, or rough that it seems unpleasant or harmful. Tropical colours may look rather harsh in our dull northern light. 热带色彩在我们北方暗淡的光线下可能显得有点刺目。 ...harsher detergents that can leave hair brittle. 会让发质变脆弱的刺激性较强的洗发水 harshness ...as the wine ages, losing its bitter harshness. 酒越放越醇 4 [ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词]（声音）刺耳的，难听的 Harsh voices and sounds are ones that are rough and unpleasant to listen to. It's a pity she has such a loud harsh voice. 可惜她的嗓门太大太难听了。 harshly Chris laughed harshly. 克里斯笑得很刺耳。 harshness Then in a tone of abrupt harshness, he added, 'Open these trunks!'. 然后他又突然厉声说道，“把这些大箱子打开！” 5 [ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词]（现实、真相）残酷的，无情的 If you talk about harsh realities or facts, or the harsh truth, you are emphasizing that they are true or real, although they are unpleasant and people try to avoid thinking about them. [emphasis] The harsh truth is that luck plays a big part in who will live or die. 残酷的事实是，谁死谁活在很大程度上要靠运气。
来源	2007.3

Harsh Adj Graded 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 Unpleasant Harshness Reality Millions People