Question

toll n.通行税(费),费,代价,钟声 vt.征收,敲钟,鸣(钟)(特指宣布死亡),勾引,引诱 vi.征税,鸣钟 Toll comes from the Greek word for "tax," telos. When a fee is charged for the privilege of driving on a road or crossing a bridge, it's called a toll. Another kind of toll is the charge to make a long distance telephone call. Occasionally, toll refers to a different kind of cost — a loss of human life: the human toll of an earthquake or war. Finally, there's the toll, or deep ringing sound, of a bell. ★★☆☆☆ 2011.5

Accepted Answer

[təul] A toll is a payment made for something. To drive on some highways, drivers have to pay a toll when they exit. The growth in public money for academic research has speeded the process: federal research grants rose fourfold between 1960 and 1990, but faculty teaching hours fell by half as research took its toll. 1[V-ERG 及物/不及物动词](缓慢反复地)敲(钟)，鸣(丧钟)；(钟)鸣响 When a bell tolls or when someone tolls it, it rings slowly and repeatedly, often as a sign that someone has died.   [V]  [V n]Church bells tolled and black flags fluttered...教堂丧钟敲响，黑色的旗帜飘动。The pilgrims tolled the bell.朝圣者缓缓敲响了钟。2[N-COUNT 可数名词](桥梁、道路的)通行费 A toll is a small sum of money that you have to pay in order to use a particular bridge or road. 3[N-COUNT 可数名词](公路、桥梁的)收费 A toll road or toll bridge is a road or bridge where you have to pay in order to use it.   [N n]4[N-COUNT 可数名词]See also:death toll；(死亡、事故或灾难的)总数 A toll is a total number of deaths, accidents, or disasters that occur in a particular period of time.   [usu sing]  [JOURNALISM 新闻]There are fears that the casualty toll may be higher.有人担心伤亡总数可能会更高。…the second highest annual murder toll in that city's history.年谋杀案件总数处于该市历史上的第二高位5[PHRASE 短语]造成恶果(或不利影响、痛苦等) If you say that something takes its toll or takes a heavy toll, you mean that it has a bad effect or causes a lot of suffering.   [V inflects]Winter takes its toll on your health...冬天对健康不利。Higher fuel prices took their toll.燃料提价产生了恶果。…a high exchange rate took a heavy toll on industry.高汇率使工业蒙受了严重损失。

英语单词	toll
英美音标	[təul]
中文释义	n.通行税(费),费,代价,钟声 vt.征收,敲钟,鸣(钟)(特指宣布死亡),勾引,引诱 vi.征税,鸣钟
vocab简明	A toll is a payment made for something. To drive on some highways, drivers have to pay a toll when they exit.
vocab扩展	Toll comes from the Greek word for "tax," telos. When a fee is charged for the privilege of driving on a road or crossing a bridge, it's called a toll. Another kind of toll is the charge to make a long distance telephone call. Occasionally, toll refers to a different kind of cost — a loss of human life: the human toll of an earthquake or war. Finally, there's the toll, or deep ringing sound, of a bell.
真题原句	The growth in public money for academic research has speeded the process: federal research grants rose fourfold between 1960 and 1990, but faculty teaching hours fell by half as research took its toll.
柯林斯星级	★★☆☆☆
柯林斯解释	1 [V-ERG 及物/不及物动词](缓慢反复地)敲(钟)，鸣(丧钟)；(钟)鸣响 When a bell tolls or when someone tolls it, it rings slowly and repeatedly, often as a sign that someone has died. [V] [V n] Church bells tolled and black flags fluttered... 教堂丧钟敲响，黑色的旗帜飘动。 The pilgrims tolled the bell. 朝圣者缓缓敲响了钟。 2 [N-COUNT 可数名词](桥梁、道路的)通行费 A toll is a small sum of money that you have to pay in order to use a particular bridge or road. 3 [N-COUNT 可数名词](公路、桥梁的)收费 A toll road or toll bridge is a road or bridge where you have to pay in order to use it. [N n] 4 [N-COUNT 可数名词]See also:death toll ；(死亡、事故或灾难的)总数 A toll is a total number of deaths, accidents, or disasters that occur in a particular period of time. [usu sing] [JOURNALISM 新闻] There are fears that the casualty toll may be higher. 有人担心伤亡总数可能会更高。 …the second highest annual murder toll in that city's history. 年谋杀案件总数处于该市历史上的第二高位 5 [PHRASE 短语]造成恶果(或不利影响、痛苦等) If you say that something takes its toll or takes a heavy toll, you mean that it has a bad effect or causes a lot of suffering. [V inflects] Winter takes its toll on your health... 冬天对健康不利。 Higher fuel prices took their toll. 燃料提价产生了恶果。 …a high exchange rate took a heavy toll on industry. 高汇率使工业蒙受了严重损失。
来源	2011.5

Toll Pay Road Research N Count 可数名词 Bridge Takes