| Front | How does emphysema affect the lungs |
|---|---|
| Back | Foreign particles trapped in alveoli Inflammation attracts phagocytes, phagocytes produce an enzyme to break elastin as an immune response. Alveoli cant recoil to expel air Destruction of alveoli walls occurs reducing the surface area of alveoli so the rate of diffusion of gases decreases. Tidal volume reduced, less air is inhaled and exhaled. Residual volume larger More difficult to exhale. Alveoli cannot stretch Alveoli may burst Less surface area Less carbon dioxide removed therefore haemoglobin is less well oxygenated |
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