The human gas exchange system includes the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli. Inhalation involves diaphragm and external intercostal muscle contraction expanding the chest volume and decreasing pressure, while exhalation involves their relaxation, decreasing volume and increasing pressure.
Beschrijf de macroscopische structuur van het menselijke gasuitwisselingssysteem en hoe we inademen en uitademen. [6 punten]
| Front | Describe the gross structure of the human gas exchange system and how we breathe in and out. [6 marks] |
|---|---|
| Back | 1. Named structures – trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli; 2. Above structures named in correct order OR Above structures labelled in correct positions on a diagram; 3. Breathing in – diaphragm contracts and external intercostal muscles contract; 4. (Causes) volume increase and pressure decrease in thoracic cavity (to below atmospheric, resulting in air moving in); 5. Breathing out - Diaphragm relaxes and internal intercostal muscles contract; 6. (Causes) volume decrease and pressure increase in thoracic cavity (to above atmospheric, resulting in air moving out); |
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