Mammalian respiratory surfaces (alveoli) are efficient due to their large surface area, thin walls for short diffusion distances, moisture for gas dissolution, a dense capillary network for gas uptake, and elasticity for ventilation.
Mammalian respiratory surfaces (alveoli) are efficient due to their large surface area, thin walls for short diffusion distances, moisture for gas dissolution, a dense capillary network for gas uptake, and elasticity for ventilation.
| Front | Describe how the respiratory surface of mammals is suited to efficient gas exchange. ( 4 marks) |
|---|---|
| Back | many/millions of alveoli give large surface area; lined by thin pavement/simple squamous epithelium for short diffusion distance; moist with (tissue) fluid (reject mucus) to let oxygen dissolve; surrounded by dense capillary network/blood supply for efficient uptake of oxygen/removal of carbon dioxide; elastic to enable (dimension changes during) ventilation movements; |
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