| Front | Many different substances enter and leave a cell by crossing its cell surface membrane. Describe how substances can cross a cell surface membrane. ( 5 marks) |
|---|---|
| Back | (Simple/facilitated) diffusion from high to low concentration/down concentration gradient; Small / non-polar / lipid-soluble molecules pass via phospholipids / bilayer; Large / polar / water-soluble molecules go through proteins; Water moves by osmosis/from high water potential to low water potential/from less to more negative water potential; Active transport is movement from low to high concentration /against concentration gradient; Active transport/facilitated diffusion involves proteins/carriers; Active transport requires energy/ATP; Ref. to Na+ /glucose co-transport; |
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