| 正面 | 224.must 英 [mʌst]美 [mʌst]     |
|---|---|
| 背面 |     释义： jillion 谐音“巨量”。aux. 必须，一定；可以，应当；很可能n. 绝对必要的事物；未发酵葡萄汁n. (Must)人名；(匈)穆什特；(俄、瑞典)穆斯特 例句： 1. You must have noticed how tired he sometimes looks.你一定注意到他有时候显得特别疲惫。 must 必须来自古英语motan,有能力做，有必要做，-st,过去分词后缀，来自Proto-Germanic*mot,能力，力量，来自PIE*med,测量，衡量，采取手段，词源同measure,medical.其在古英语时期语气并不是很强烈，后不断强化。比较noblesse oblige.must 葡萄汁，葡萄酒，甜酒来自拉丁语vinum mustum,新酒，新酿葡萄酒，来自mustus,新鲜的，水灵的，来自PIE*meus,湿的，带水气的，词源同mist,moist. mustmust: English has three words must. By far the commonest is of course the verb, ‘have to’ [OE], which originated in Old English as the past tense of the now obsolete mūt ‘may, must’. It has relatives in German muss and Dutch moet, but its ultimate origins are not known for certain (there may be some distant link with Germanic ‘measure’-words, such as English mete, suggesting a semantic progression from an original ‘time measured out for doing something’, through ‘have time to do something’, ‘be able to do something’, and ‘be allowed to do something’ to ‘have to do something’). Must ‘unfermented grape juice for making into wine’ [OE] comes from Latin mustum ‘new wine’, a noun use of the adjective mustus ‘new’. Mustard is a derivative.And the esoteric must ‘sexual frenzy in elephants, camels, etc’ [19] comes via Urdu from Persian mast ‘drunk’.=> mustardmust (v.)Old English moste, past tense of motan "have to, be able to," from Proto-Germanic *mot- "ability, leisure (to do something)" (cognates: Old Saxon motan "to be obliged to, have to," Old Frisian mota, Middle Low German moten, Dutch moeten, German müssen "to be obliged to," Gothic gamotan "to have room to, to be able to"), perhaps from PIE root *med- "to measure, to take appropriate measures" (see medical (adj.)). Used as present tense from c. 1300, from the custom of using past subjunctive as a moderate or polite form of the present.must (n.1)"new wine," Old English must, from Latin mustum (also source of Old High German, German most, Old French moust, Modern French moût, Spanish, Italian mosto), short for vinum mustum "fresh wine," neuter of mustus "fresh, new, newborn," perhaps literally "wet," and from PIE *mus-to-, from root *meus- "damp" (see moss).must (n.2)"mold," c. 1600, perhaps a back-formation of musty (q.v.).must (n.3)"male elephant frenzy," 1871, from Urdu mast "intoxicated, in rut," from Persian mast, literally "intoxicated," related to Sanskrit matta- "drunk, intoxicated," past participle of madati "boils, bubbles, gets drunk," from PIE root *mad- "wet, moist" (see mast (n.2)).must (n.4)"that which has to be done, seen, or experienced," 1892, from must (v.). As an adjective, "obligatory, indispensable," by 1912, from the noun; must-read is from 1959." |