| 正面 | 3495.harsh 英 [hɑːʃ]美 [hɑrʃ]     |
|---|---|
| 背面 |     释义： 1. hair => harsh, literally "hairy".2. hair => har- + -sh => harsh.3. 根据词源可以看成是 hairish 简化、缩略而来。字母i都被略掉。4. 所以，该词的字面含义是“多毛的”，由此引申为“粗糙的、毛糙的”，后来又进一步引申为“声音非常的粗糙”，即声音“刺耳的、难听的”，后来又引伸出“环境非常的粗糙”，即“严酷的、严峻的、艰苦的”。adj. 严厉的；严酷的；刺耳的；粗糙的；刺目的n. (Harsh)人名；(英)哈什 例句： 1. His voice was harsh as he enunciated each word carefully.他一字一顿，听上去很生硬。 harsh 残酷的，严厉的可能来自PIE*kars,刮，拔，梳理羊毛，词源同card,carduus(拉丁语，蓟),chard(多刺叶甜菜).原用于形容织物多毛的，粗糙的，引申词义残酷的，严厉的。 harshharsh: [16] Harsh originally meant ‘hairy’. Its ancestor, Middle Low German harsch, was a derivative of the noun haer ‘hair’, and its exact English equivalent would have been hairish. By the time English acquired it, it had broadened out in meaning to ‘rough’, both literally and figuratively.harsh (adj.)originally of texture, "hairy," 1530s, probably from Middle English harske "rough, coarse, sour" (c. 1300), a northern word of Scandinavian origin (compare Danish and Norwegian harsk "rancid, rank"), related to Middle Low German harsch "rough, raw," German harst "a rake;" perhaps from PIE root *kars- "to scrape, scratch, rub, card" (cognates: Lithuanian karsiu "to comb," Old Church Slavonic krasta, Russian korosta "to itch," Latin carduus "thistle," Sanskrit kasati "rubs, scratches"). Meaning "offensive to feelings" is from 1570s; that of "disagreeable, rude" from 1610s.harsh (v.)1580s, "sound harshly," from harsh (adj.). Meaning "make harsh, subject to harshness" is by 1991. Related: Harshed; harshing. Harshen is attested from 1821." |