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Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary fin·ish
ETYMOLOGY Middle English finisshen, from Anglo-French finiss-, stem of finir, from Latin finire, from finis DATE 14th century intransitive verb 1. a. to come to an end : terminate b. end 1b2. a. to come to the end of a course, task, or undertaking b. to end relations — used with with decided to finish with him for good 3. to end a competition in a specified manner or position finished third in the race transitive verb 1. a. to bring to an end : terminate finished the speech and sat down b. to use or dispose of entirely her sandwich finished the loaf 2. a. to bring to completion or issue hope to finish their new home before winter b. to provide with a finish; especially : to put a final coat or surface on finish a table with varnish 3. a. to defeat or ruin utterly and finally the scandal finished his career b. to bring about the death of Synonyms: see close • fin·ish·er noun
noun DATE 1779 1. something that completes or perfects: as a. the fine or decorative work required for a building or one of its parts b. a finishing material used in painting c. the final treatment or coating of a surface d. the taste in the mouth after swallowing a beverage (as wine) 2. a. final stage : end b. the cause of one's ruin 3. the result or product of a finishing process a glossy finish 4. the quality or state of being perfected English Etymology finish finish (v.) c.1350, from O.Fr . finiss-, stem of finir, from L. finire"to limit, set bounds, end," from finis "boundary, limit, border, end," of unknown origin, perhaps related to figere "to fasten, fix" (see fix). The noun is first attested 1790. Finishing school is from 1836.http://O.Fr Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary-牛津双解-OALD7 ☞ finish fin·ish / 5finiF / verb1. to stop doing sth or making sth because it is complete 完成；做好: ▪ [VN] Haven't you finished your homework yet? 难道你还没有完成家庭作业吗？ She finished law school last year. 她去年毕业于法学院。 a beautifully finished piece of furniture 一件做工精美的家具 He put the finishing touches to his painting (= did the things that made it complete). 他在画上作了最后几处润色。 ▪ [V -ing] Be quiet! He hasn't finished speaking. 安静！他还没有讲完。 ▪ [V] I thought you'd never finish! 我还以为你会完成不了呢！ ▪ [also V speech] 2. to come to an end; to bring sth to an end (使)结束: ▪ [V] The play finished at 10.30. 比赛于 10:30 结束。 The symphony finishes with a flourish. 交响乐在响亮的乐曲声中结束。 ▪ [VN] A cup of coffee finished the meal perfectly. 饭后一杯咖啡,美餐圆满结束。 3. [VN] ~ sth (off / up) to eat, drink or use what remains of sth 吃完,喝光,用尽(所剩之物): He finished off his drink with one large gulp. 他一大口喝完了饮料。 We might as well finish up the cake. 我们倒不如把蛋糕吃完。 4. to be in a particular state or position at the end of a race or a competition (赛跑、竞赛)得…名；获…成绩: ▪ [V-ADJ] She was delighted to finish second. 她为竞赛得了第二名而高兴。 The dollar finished the day slightly down. 当日结束时美元汇率略有下降。 ▪ [V] He finished 12 seconds outside the world record. 他的赛跑成绩比世界纪录慢 12 秒。 5. [VN] ~ sb (off) (informal) to make sb so tired or impatient that they cannot do any more 使筋疲力尽；使失去耐心: Climbing that hill really finished me off. 登那座山真把我累得筋疲力尽。 A lecture from my parents now would just finish me. 现在父母教训我简直会使我受不了。 PHRASAL VERBS ▪ 7finish sb / sth ↔ 'off (informal) to destroy sb / sth, especially sb / sth that is badly injured or damaged 杀死,彻底摧毁(已严重受伤或受损的人或事物): The hunter moved in to finish the animal off. 猎人逼到近前结果了那只动物。 ▪ 7finish sth ↔ 'off to do the last part of sth; to make sth end by doing one last thing 完成；作最后加工: I need about an hour to finish off this report. 我需要一小时左右结束这篇报告。 They finished off the show with one of their most famous songs. 他们用自己的一首最著名的歌曲作演出的压台戏。 ▪ 7finish 'up... (BrE) to be in a particular state or at a particular place after a series of events 结果成为；以…终结；最终来到 ▪ [+ adj ] If you're not careful, you could finish up seriously ill. 你要是不小心,可能到头来会得场大病。 ▪ 'finish with sb 1. (BrE) to end a relationship with sb 与(某人)断绝关系: She finished with her boyfriend last week. 上星期她和男友分手了。 2. to stop dealing with a person 停止和(某人)打交道: He'll regret he ever said it once I've finished with him. 我不再和他打交道,他就会后悔他说过那句话。 ▪ 'finish with sth 1. to no longer need to use sth 不再需用(某物): When you've finished with the book, can I see it? 这本书你看完以后我能看吗？ 2. (BrE, informal) to stop doing sth 不再做(某事): I've finished with gambling. 我已戒赌了。 ▪ finish (up) with sth to have sth at the end 最后得到；以…结束: We had a five-course lunch and finished up with coffee and mints. 我们这顿午餐吃了五道菜,最后是咖啡和薄荷糖。 To finish with, we'll listen to a few songs. 最后我们将听几首歌。 noun1. [C, usually sing.] the last part or the end of sth 最后部份；结尾；结局: a dramatic finish to the race 赛跑的戏剧性结局 It was a close finish, as they had predicted. 正如他们所预料的,比赛结果难分上下。 They won in the end but it was a tight finish. 他们终于赢了,但比分十分接近。 The story was a lie from start to finish. 这样的讲述自始至终都是骗人的。 I want to see the job through to the finish. 我要看这项工作做完为止。 ⇨ see also photo finish 2. [C, U] the last covering of paint, polish, etc. that is put onto the surface of sth; the condition of the surface 末道漆；抛光；(漆完抛光后的)成品表面: a gloss / matt finish 光泽/无光表面 furniture available in a range of finishes 有各种光泽处理的家具 3. [C, U] the final details that are added to sth to make it complete 最后精细加工: The bows will give a feminine finish to the curtains. 窗帘最后配上蝴蝶结显出女性的柔美。 IDIOMS ⇨ see fight v. Oxford Collocations Dictionary for Students of English finish verb ADV. almost, nearly | just She had just finished dressing when the telephone rang. | soon | eventually, finally | off He finished off by welcoming new arrivals to the school. VERB + FINISH let sb Let me just finish what I'm doing. PREP. by He finished by telling us about his trip to Spain. | with The evening finished with a few songs. Have you finished with the vacuum cleaner yet? I need it. Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Thesaurus-11th Edition n. Function: noun 1 Synonyms: END 2, cease, cessation, close, closing, desistance, ending, stop, termination, terminus 2 Synonyms: FINALE , close, conclusion, end, ending, windup 3 Synonyms: ACQUIREMENT , accomplishment, achievement, acquisition, attainment Related Words: correctness, discrimination, propriety, refinement; elegance, grace, polish; cultivation, taste n. Function: verb 1 Synonyms: CLOSE 3, complete, conclude, determine, end, halt, terminate, ultimate, wind up, wrap up Related Words: accomplish, achieve, effect, fulfill Idioms: have done with 2 Synonyms: GO 4, consume, exhaust, expend, run through, spend, use up, wash up 3 Synonyms: KILL 1, carry off, cut off, destroy, dispatch, down, put away, scrag, slay, take off 4 Synonyms: MURDER 1, assassinate, ||bump off, cool, do in, ||dust off, execute, knock off, liquidate, put awayWebster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged fin·ish I. \ˈfinish, -nēsh, chiefly in pres part -nəsh\ verb (-ed/-ing/-es) Etymology: Middle English finisshen, from Middle French feniss-, finiss-, stem of fenir, finir, from Latin finire to limit, finish, end, from finis boundary, limit, end — more at final transitive verb 1. a. : to bring to an end : arrive at the end of : terminate , complete < he finished speaking, and a long silence fell > < he finished his days in poverty and loneliness > < a rapid reader, he can finish a chapter in a few minutes > b. : to use, consume, or dispose of entirely < he finished the meal to the last crumb — Louis Bromfield > — often used with off < the sailors lounging in the bar began to finish off their drinks — Allen Upward > c. : to serve as the close or last item of < a pleasant wine finishes the meal, nicely accenting the dessert > < a thrilling 100-yard dash finished the meet > 2. a. : to expend the final labors on : bring to completion or issue < tried to finish the work his illustrious predecessor had started > b. : to perform completely : perfect with all possible labor and attention : give the ultimate touches to < he always spoke in completed sentences … he finished his thought — W.A.White > — often used with up < advised him to finish up the painting a little before exhibiting > c. : to complete the education of; especially : to prepare (a young woman) for entrance into society < she received her finishing in Paris > d. : to fatten (an animal) especially for the market e. : to put on as a finish < all interior walls are finished with lime plaster — American Guide Series: Minnesota > f. : to cut, sort, trim, count, and pack (paper after it leaves the paper machine) g. : to tool the title and decoration on (a hand-bound book) h. (1) : to give (as cloth) special characteristics that improve appearance and usefulness by processing (as mercerizing, fulling, calendering, embossing) (2) : to complete work on (a garment); especially : to finish (a raw edge) by hemming, pinking, overcasting, facing i. : to subject (newly formed soap or a kettle of soap) to the processes of fitting and settling 3. a. : to bring to an end the significance, usefulness, or effectiveness of : exhaust the power, worth, or vitality of : deal a mortal blow to < the combination of … unfamiliar car, narrow streets, and strange town will just about finish you — Richard Joseph > < his stunning defeat finished the young congressman as a political force > — often used with off < the romance of chivalry was already moribund and the new economic and social trends finished it off > b. (1) : to bring about the death of : kill < after wounding me with his spear he was about to finish me with his knife — W.H.Hudson †1922 > — often used with off < his woman finished him off … with a skinning knife — Walter O'Meara > (2) : to bring about the decisive or final defeat of < the cavalry charge finished the enemy; they broke and ran > intransitive verb 1. a. : to come to an end : terminate , end < the Civil War finished in 1865 > < until British rule finished one had to obtain a visa from the British Foreign Office — W.B.Fisher > b. (1) : to come to the end of a course, task, or undertaking :complete a task or assignment < it was noon, and he still had not finished > < he finished by reciting a cycle of sonnets > < I shall finish with a Chopin nocturne — Lillian Hellman > — often used with up < you can finish up now > (2) : to finish a race or other competition in a certain manner or position < the gelding finished strong and lost only by a nose > < he finished third in the oratorical contest > c. : to have a certain issue or outcome : result < any illness must finish fatally for him — Osbert Sitwell > 2. : to become smooth (as of lumber) 3. : to attend a finishing school 4. of an animal : to become suitably fat for marketing Synonyms: see close • - finish with II. noun (-es) 1. a. : the final stage : conclusion , end < a fight to the finish > < flaunted the riskiest of their stunts and then … broke into their whirlwind finish — Winifred Bambrick > < turned a slow start into a fast finish > b. : the cause of one's ruin : downfall < his taste for gambling was his finish > 2. : something that finishes, completes, or perfects: as a. (1) : the joiner work and other fine work required for the completion of a building especially of the interior — see inside finish, outside finish (2) : the higher grade of lumber used for this work — called also uppers (3) : decorative surface treatment (as on paper, wood, stone, brick, plaster, or stucco) (4) : a finishing material used in painting < oil finish > — see finishing coat b. : the labor required for the last stage (as of a work of art) < the sculptor is now doing the finish on this splendid head > c. : a plain or decorative method of completing a part or an edge of a garment by use of a hem, binding, arrowhead, edging d. : fat ; especially : the layer of fat lying beneath the skin of an animal well fattened for market or show e. : the top or closure part of a glass container including the pouring lip and the threads or other means of attaching or inserting a closure f. : the final treatment or coating of a surface 3. a. : the result or product of a finishing process especially with regard to its quality, appearance, or characteristics < a fabric with a water-resistant finish > < a cloth with a glazed finish > < paper with a glossy finish > specifically : the state of a surface (as of furniture or pottery) after the tool marks have been obliterated b. : fit VI 3 c. : the quality or state of being perfected or minutely elaborated :impeccable, finished, or flawless quality : perfection < the exquisite finish of this artist's work > < the machine … worked with neither the accuracy nor the finishof these girls — Sam Pollock > < his novels have a finish, a flavor, that the cultivated recognize and relish > < at the age of 60 he danced … and still displayed great finishand fine style — Anatole Chujoy > d. : cultivation in manners and speech : social polish III. noun of a beverage : the taste left in the mouth after swallowing < a wine with a long dry finish > |
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