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Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary no·men·cla·ture \\ˈnō-mən-ˌklā-chər also nō-ˈmen-klə-ˌchu̇r, -ˈmeŋ-, -chər, -ˌtyu̇r, -ˌtu̇r\\ noun ETYMOLOGY Latin nomenclatura assigning of names, from nomen + calatus, past participle of calare DATE 1610 1. name , designation 2. the act or process or an instance of naming 3. a. a system or set of terms or symbols especially in a particular science, discipline, or art b. an international system of standardized New Latin names used in biology for kinds and groups of kinds of animals and plants • no·men·cla·tur·al \\ˌnō-mən-ˈklāch-rəl, -ˈklā-chə-\\ adjective English Etymology nomenclature 1610, "a name," from Fr. nomenclature, from L. nomenclatura"calling of names," from nomenclator "namer," from nomen"name" + calator "caller, crier," from calare "call out" (see calendar). Nomenclator in Rome was the title of a steward whose job was to announce visitors, and also of a prompter who helped a stumping politician recall names and pet causes of his constituents. Meaning "list or catalogue of names" first attested 1635; that of "system of naming" is from 1664; sense of "terminology of a science" is from 1789. Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary-牛津双解-OALD7 nomenclature no·men·clat·ure / nE5menklEtFE(r); NAmE also 5noumEnkleitFEr/ noun[U, C] (formal) a system of naming things, especially in a branch of science (尤指某学科的)命名法 Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged no·men·cla·ture I. \ˈnōmənˌklāchə(r) sometimes nōˈmenkləch-\ noun (-s) Etymology: Latin nomenclatura act of calling by name, list of names, from nomenclator + -ura -ure 1. a. : name , appellation , designation < the patricians — mainly of Etruscan origin and nomenclature — R.A.Hall b.1911 > < the generally accepted nomenclature of Theileria was proposed — John Legg > < whose main obsession was his nomenclature — Sydney (Australia) Bulletin > < an example of the odd nomenclature of coal patches — American Guide Series: Pennsylvania > < has a magnitude of nomenclature second to none — St. Clair McKelway > < the changing nomenclature of her streets is even more baffling — Cornelia O. Skinner > b. : the collective names given to or borne by places in a particular area or region < whose names are preserved in the village nomenclature of the Danelaw — F.M.Stenton > 2. : the act or process or an instance of naming < by an odd quirk of nomenclature — Green Peyton > < problems of nomenclature > < nomenclature … is at its simplest the task of assigning a name to each distinct species — R.I.Smith > 3. a. : list , catalog < no more than an annotated nomenclature of the rich and varied writings — R.L.Bruckberger > b. obsolete : vocabulary , dictionary , glossary 4. a. : a system or set of names, designations, or symbols used by a person or group < the following nomenclature is used in the paper — A.W.Cochardt > < employs a very strange nomenclature > < most textual critics have refused to adopt this nomenclature — B.M.Metzger > b. : a system or set of names or designations used in a particular science, discipline, or art and formally adopted or sanctioned by the usage of its practitioners : terminology < the course includes a survey of the nature of law; its subject matter … and nomenclature — College of William & Mary Catalog> < the standard nomenclature of diseases and operations — Journal American Medical Association > < reflects changes in the aircraft nomenclature — William Wallrich > < the nomenclatures of politics and law — E.J.Kimble > c. : an international vocabulary of New Latin names of kinds and groups of kinds of animals and plants standardized under rules set up by international commissions sponsored by the basic biological taxonomic disciplines — see binary nomenclature, binomial nomenclature; compare family , genus , order , species ; -aceae , -ales , -idae , -inae ; taxonomy d. : a set of chemical names that may be systematic (as according to decisions of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) or not and that aims to tell the composition and often the structure of a given compound by naming the elements, groups, radicals, or ions present and employing suffixes denoting function (as -ic and -ate for acids and salts, -ane, -ol, -one for hydrocarbons and some of their derivatives, -ine for organic bases), prefixes denoting composition (as hypo-, per-, chloro-, Greek numerical prefixes), configuration prefixes (as cis-, syn-, xylo-, meso-), operational prefixes (as cyclo-, dehydro-, deoxy-, homo-), arabic numbers or Greek letters for indicating structure (as positions of substituents), or Roman numerals for indicating oxidation state — see geneva system, stock system; compare structural formula II. transitive verb (-ed/-ing/-s) : name , designate |
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