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Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary phi·los·o·pher \\fə-ˈlä-s(ə-)fər\\ noun ETYMOLOGY Middle English philosophe, philosophre, from Anglo-French, from Latin philosophus, from Greek philosophos,from phil- + sophia wisdom, from sophos wise DATE 14th century 1. a. a person who seeks wisdom or enlightenment : scholar , thinker b. a student of philosophy 2. a. a person whose philosophical perspective makes meeting trouble with equanimity easier b. an expounder of a theory in a particular area of experience c. one who philosophizes English Etymology philosopher O.E. philosophe, from L. philosophus, from Gk. philosophos"philosopher," lit. "lover of wisdom," from philos "loving" + sophos"wise, a sage.""Pythagoras was the first who called himself philosophos, instead of sophos, 'wise man,' since this latter term was suggestive of immodesty." [Klein]Modern form with -r appears early 14c., from an Anglo-Fr. or O.Fr . variant of philosophe, with an agent-noun ending. Philosophy also was used of alchemy in Middle Ages, hence Philosophers' stone (late 14c., translating M.L. lapis philosophorum, c.1130), a reputed solid substance supposed by alchemists to change baser metals into gold or silver; also identified with the elixir and thus given the attribute of prolonging life indefinitely and curing wounds and disease. (Fr.pierre philosophale, Ger. der Stein der Weisen).http://O.Fr Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary-牛津双解-OALD7 philosopher phil·oso·pher / fE5lCsEfE(r); NAmE -5lB:s- / noun1. a person who studies or writes about philosophy 哲学家: the Greek philosopher Aristotle 希腊哲学家亚里士多德 2. a person who thinks deeply about things 深思的人；善于思考的人: He seems to be a bit of a philosopher. 他像个思想家似的。 Oxford Collocations Dictionary for Students of English philosopher noun ADJ. distinguished, eminent, famous, great the great philosophers of ancient Greece | ancient, classical | contemporary, modern | Eastern, Western | professional | experimental, legal, moral, natural (historical), political, social a talk by a distinguished moral philosopher He called himself a ‘natural philosopher’: today we would say a ‘scientist’. | sceptical PHRASES a philosopher of religion/science OLT philosopher noun ⇨ scholar Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged phi·los·o·pher \fə̇ˈläs(ə)fə(r) sometimes -äzəf-\ noun (-s) Etymology: Middle English philosopher, philosophre, modification (influenced by -er) of Middle French philosophe, from Latin philosophus, from Greek philosophos, from phil- + -sophos (from sophia wisdom, from sophos wise + -ia -y) 1. a. : one who seeks wisdom or enlightenment : reflective thinker : scholar , investigator < the philosopher, traditionally, is thought of as a person whose chief interest is in attempting to discover the innermost essence of reality — Theodore Brameld > b. : a specialist in the synthesis of knowledge < a philosopher … must attempt to give us a comprehensive account of human values and a plausible theory of human destiny — Eliseo Vivas > — compare philosophy 2d c. : a student of philosophy 2. obsolete : one versed in an occult science; specifically : alchemist 3. a. : one whose life is governed by reason : a person whose philosophical perspective enables him to meet trouble with equanimity : rationalist < to a philosopher there is some compensation for blindness in the increased acuity of the other senses > b. : the expounder of a theory in a particular area of experience < he is no philosopher of freedom, but he is certainly a fighter for freedom — C.P.Romulo > c. : philosophizer < Bowery Thespian and philosopher — American Guide Series: New York City > |
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