| Text | Sickle cell anemia allele arose from base substitution DNA: The DNA sequence changes from GAG to GTG on the non-transcribed strand (CTC to CAC on the template strand) mRNA: The mRNA sequence changes from GAG to GUG at the 6th codon position Polypeptide: The sixth amino acid for the beta chain of haemoglobin is changed from glutamic acid to valine (Glu to Val) The amino acid change (Glu → Val) alters the structure of haemoglobin, causing it to form insoluble fibrous strands, thus it cannot carry oxygen as effectively, causing the individual to feel constantly tired |
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| Extra | The sickle cells may form clots within the capillaries, blocking blood supply to vital organs and causing myriad health issues The sickle cells are also destroyed more rapidly than normal cells, leading to a low red blood cell count (anaemia) |
Tags: 3_1_genes, sickle_cell_anemia
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