| Front | 37. frag, fract [L]= |
|---|---|
| Back | to break 破 在同根词fragile，fragment，fraction 和fracture 中，词根frag 和fract 来自拉丁动词 frangere，意思相当于英语的to break（破）。其中，frag 是不定式词干frang 的变体；fract 是动名词词干。frang 和它的另一变体fring，在英语中出现率比较低（见本节练习2 和4）。 fragile [frag=to break 破；-ile a.=easy to be 易被……的→“easy to be broken 易打破的”→] a. easily broken or damaged, or breakable 易破的；易碎的：Glass is fragile.玻璃容易破。 ▽fragility [fragil;-ity n.] n.脆性；脆弱 fragment [frag=to break 破；-ment n.=the result 表行为结果→“the result of being broken 破 碎的结果”→] n.① part of something broken off 破片，碎片：fragments of a vase 一个花瓶的 碎片② part of some-thing left unfinished 未完成的部分：This poem is only a fragment.这首诗 仅是未完稿。 ▽fragmentary [fragment;-ary a.] a.碎片的；片断的 fragmentate [fragment;-ate v.] v.使裂成碎片 fraction [fract=to break 破；-ion n.=the result 表行为结果→“the result of breaking something 破坏或分裂某物的结果”→] n.① something broken off from the whole 碎片：The cup crumbled into fractions.杯子破成碎片。② any part of a unit or number 部分；分数：One-third is a fraction. 三分之一是分数。 ▽fractional [fraction;-al a.] a.部分的；分数的 fractionize [fraction;-ize v.] v.使分成几部分；把……化为分数 fracture [fract=to break 破；-ure n.=the act or state 表行为或状态→] n. breaking or breakage, especially of bone 破裂；骨折：She suffered a fracture of her wrist.她的手腕骨折了。 infraction [in-=in 入；fract=to break 破；-ion n.=the act 表行为→“breaking in law or rule 破 坏法律，侵犯规则”→] n. violation of law;breach 违犯；违背：infraction of martial law 违反戒 严法 refract [re-=back 回，返；fract=to break, to bend or turn 破，转，折→“to turn back 折回”→] v. turn aside（rays of light, sound, etc. passing into a medium from another medium）使（光线、 声波等从一种介质进入另一种介质时）发生偏转；使折射：Water refracts light.水使光折射。 ▽refractable [refract;-able a.] a.可折射的 refractive [refract;-ive a.] a.折射的 refractory [re-=against 反抗；fract=to break 破；-ory a.=having the quality 有……性能的→ “having the quality against breaking 抗破碎的”→] a. ① resistant to treatment 耐处理的： refractory bricks 耐火砖② stubborn 顽固的：refractory diseases 痼疾 anfractuous [an-(ambi-)=about 周围；fract=to break, to turn 破，转；-u-;-ous a.=having the quality 有……性能的→“turning about 来回转折的”→] a. winding;circuitous 弯曲的；迂回：an anfractuous streamlet 一条蜿蜒的小溪 |
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