Question

52. log, logue [GK]=

Accepted Answer

speech, reason 说话，推理
在常用词logic，dialogue，apologize 和eulogy 中，词根log 来源于希腊名词logos，原意相当
于speech 或reason,即“说话”或说话中的“推理”。异形词根logue 是log 在词尾时的拼写
形式。

logic [log=reason 推理；-ic n.=the science or art of……学→] n. the science and art of reasoning
correctly 逻辑学（正确推理的科学）：He argued with learning and logic.他的辩论既有学问又
合逻辑。

▽logical [logic;-al a.] a.逻辑的；符合逻辑的
logician [logic;-ian n.] n.逻辑学家

dialogue [dia-=between 在……之间；logue=speech 谈话→“speech between two persons 两
人之间的谈话”→] n. conversation between two or more persons 对话：a dialogue between two
countries 两国之间的对话

▽dialogic [dialog (ue);-ic a.] a.对话的
dialogist [dialog (ue);-ist n.] n.对话者

apologize [apo-=away, off 离开；log=speech 话；-ize v.=to make 做→“to make a speech off (after
an offence)（在犯了过失后）说些借以解脱的话”→] v. express regret for a fault 道歉：to
apologize for being late 因迟到道歉

▽apology [apo-;log;-y n.] n.道歉；谢罪
apologetic [apo-;log;-etic a.] a.道歉的；辩护的
apologia [apo-;log;-ia n.] n.辩解；自辩书

eulogy [eu-=good 好；log=speech 话；-y n.=the act 表行为→“the act of making a good speech
说好听的话”→] n. praise 颂扬，赞颂：to pronounce a eulogy on somebody 向某人致颂词

▽eulogize [eulog (y);-ize v.] v.颂扬；赞颂
eulogistic [eulog (y);-istic a.] a.颂扬的；歌功颂德的

prologue [pro-=before 前；logue=speech 言→] n. speech or words before a play or poem 戏剧的
开场白；序诗：the prologue to a long poem 一首长诗的序诗

epilogue [epi-=after 在……之后；logue=speech 言→“speech after a play 在全剧结束后说的话”
→] n. speech at the end of a play;concluding part of a book 戏剧的收场白；书的结尾部分：the
epilogue of a novel 一本小说的尾声

philology [phil=to love 爱；-o-;log=speech 言；-y n.=the art 艺术→“the art for people who love
good speech 为讲究语言艺术的人提供技巧”→] n. (old-fashioned) the science and art of
language（旧称）语言学

▽philologic [philolog (y);-ic a.] a.（旧称）语言学的

顺便指出，log 与-y 结合，就成为术语后缀-logy,表示：（1）语言特色，如tautology；（2）研
究对象，如sociology, zoology；（3）论述过程，如trilogy 等。

tautology [tauto=the same 同样； -logy n.=the character of speech 语言特点→ “ speech
characterized by repeating the same idea 重复同样意思的语言特点”→] n. fault style of using
words that say the same thing 同义反复的语病；赘述：a speech full of tautologies 充满无谓的
重复的演说

▽tautological [tautolog (y);-ical a.] a.重复的；赘述的

sociology [socio=social 社会的；-logy n.=the study of……学→] n. the study of social structure
and fuctioning 社会学：modern sociology 现代社会学

▽sociological [sociolog(y);-ical a.] a.社会学的

trilogy [tri=three 三；-logy n.=speech 说话，叙述→“discourse in three sections 分成三个部分
的叙述”→] n. group of three related literary or operatic works（小说或戏剧的）三部曲：a trilogy
by Theodore Dreiser 德莱塞写的三部曲

N Speech N.=The Art Science Of……学→ Dialogue Persons