| Front | 11. cap, capt, cept, ceive [L]= |
|---|---|
| Back | to take 取 这是一组形态变化比较复杂，孳生能力又很强的词根。cap 来自拉丁动词capere，意为to take （取），capt，cept 来自它的过去分词。由于该族同根词多由法语引入英语，因此又多了一 个带法语痕迹的变体ceive。先介绍几个由cap，capt 构成的派生词。 capable [cap=to take 取；-able a.=able 能……的→“able to take 能取到的”→] a. able;talented 有能力的；有才能的：capable teachers 能干的教师 ▽capability [capab(le);-ility n.] n.能力，才能，技能 capacious [cap=to take or hold 取，抓；-acious (-ac +-ious) a.=having the nature 有……性能的 →“having the nature of holding 能容纳的”→] a. able to hold much 容量大的：capacious stage 宽敞的戏台 ▽capacity [cap;-ac;-ity n.] n.容量，容积；可容性，可能性 capture [capt=to take 取；-ure n.=the result 表结果→“the result of being taken or catched 被夺 取的结果”→]Ⅰn. person or thing seized 俘虏，捕获物：The lion became their capture.那只狮 子成为他们的猎物。→Ⅱv. take as a prize by force 捕获：to capture butterflies with a net 用网 捕捉蝴蝶 ▽capturer [captur(e);-er n.] n.捕获者 capturable [captur(e);-able a.] a.可捕获的 captive [capt=to take 取；-ive a.=being...被……的→“being taken 被抓的”→]Ⅰa. taken or made a prisoner 被俘虏的：captive birds 笼中之鸟→Ⅱ n. a person or animal captured 俘虏；猎获物： The captives were sold as slaves.俘虏被贩卖为奴。 ▽captivity [captiv(e) a.;-ity n.] n.囚虏；监禁（期）；羁绊 captivate [captiv(e) a.;-ate v.] v. [古]捕获；迷惑，蛊惑 ceive 用来构成动词，其对应的名词和形容词多由cept 构成。 receive [re-=back 回；ceive=to take 取→“to take back 取回”→] v.① get or accept 收到，收 受：It is more blessed to give than to receive.施惠比收受更好。② allow to enter 容纳，接待： to receive the guests warmly 热情接待客人 ▽receiver [receiv(e);-er n.] n.收受者；听筒；接收机 reception [re-;cept;-ion n.] n.接待；欢迎；接受，容纳 receptive [re-;cept;-ive a.] a.能容纳的；可接受的 deceive [de-=away 离；ceive=to take 取→“to take somebody away from what is true 带某人离 开真相”→] v. cause to believe what is false 欺骗，蒙蔽：Deceive boys with toys, but men with oaths.用玩具骗小孩，用誓言骗大人。 ▽deceiver [deceiv(e);-er n.] n.欺骗者，骗子 deception [de-;cept;-ion n.] n.欺骗，蒙蔽；骗人的东西 deceptive [de-;cept;-ive a.] a.骗人的；容易使人上当的 conceive [con-=in 入；ceive=to take 取→“to take in 取进，吸收”→] v.① become pregnant 怀（胎）：to conceive a child 怀孕② form in the mind 构想，设想：I can't conceive why you said so.我想不出你为什么这样说。 ▽conceivable [conceiv(e);-able a.] a.可想到的，可想象的 conception [con-;cept;-ion n.] n.概念；构想，设想；怀孕 conceptive [con-;cept;-ive a.] a.有构想力的；构想的 conceptual [con-;cept;-ual a.] a.概念的；概念艺术的 perceive [per-=thoroughly 完全；ceive=to take or grasp 握→“to grasp thoroughly 完全掌握” →] v. grasp through the senses 感觉，察觉：She perceived a faint aroma.她闻出一种淡淡的香 味。 ▽perceivable [perceiv(e);-able a.] a.可感知的；有洞察力的 perception [per-;cept;-ion n.] n.感知，感觉；察觉 perceptive [per-;cept;-ive a.] a.感知的；有洞察力的 perceptual [per-;cept;-ual a.] a.感知的；[心]知觉的 perceptible [per-;cept;-ibe a.] a.可感知的；可察觉的 以下几组同根词均由cept 构成，请注意其构词规律。 except [ex-=out 出；cept=to take 取→“to take out 取出，排除”→]Ⅰv. leave out or exclude 把……除外：She was excepted from the short list.她被排除在首选名单之外。Ⅱprep. but not 除……外：He works every day except Sunday.除了星期天，他天天干活。 ▽exception [except v.;-ion n.] n.除外，例外；异议，反对 exceptive [except v.;-ive a.] a.例外的，除外的，特殊的 exceptious [except v.;-ious a.] a.好提异议的，喜欢反对的 incept [in-=in 在……中；cept=to take 取→“to take in hand 取在手中”→] v.① begin 开始： The party incepted 80 years ago.该党成立于80 年前。② complete the taking of a degree 取得 学位：to incept one's MA 取得硕士学位 ▽inception [incept;-ion n.] n.开始，初期；学位授予典礼 inceptive [incept;-ive a.] a.开始的，最初的 intercept [inter-=between 在……之间；cept=to take 取→“to take between 在中途取得”→] v. seize or stop on the way 拦截，截住：The drug shipment was intercepted at the airport.那批毒 品在机场被截获了。 ▽interception [intercept;-ion n.] n.拦截；截击；窃听 precept [pre-=before 在……之前；cept=to take 取→“words taken before an action 行动前应 记取的话”→] n. a rule of action or behaviour;maxim 规矩，戒律；箴言：Example is better than precept.身教重于言传。 ▽perceptive [per-;cept;-ive a.] a.规诫的，训诫的；规定的 susceptible [sus-(sub-)=(up from) under 自下而上；cept=to take 取；-ible=able to be 可被…… 的→“able to be taken up 可被占取的”→] a.①easily affected by 易受影响的：He is susceptible to suggestion.他没有主见。②easily influenced by feelings 易受感动的，多情的：susceptible girls 多情少女 ▽susceptibility [susceptib(le);-ility n.] n.敏感性；多情 hypersusceptible [hyper-;susceptible a.] a.过敏的 cap 还有一个异体cip，以下是cip 的几个主要的派生词。 anticipate [anti-(ante-)=before 前；cip=to take 取；-ate v.→“to take before or realize before 先 取，先实现”→] v.① do before others do 先于……做成：The Chinese anticipated the European in discovery of gunpowder.中国人在欧洲人之前发现了火药。② consider in advance预先考虑， 预见：Our hotel anticipates your every need.本宾馆预先考虑到您的各种需要。③ expect 期望， 期待：We anticipate a good time at the party.我们期待着晚会上的愉快时光。 ▽anticipation [anticipat(e);-ion n.] n.期望；预期；先发制人 anticipative [anticipat(e);-ive a.] a.预期的；先发制人的 principal [prin=first 首位；cip=to take 取；-al a.=of……的→“of taking first 占取首位的”→] Ⅰa. most important;chief 首要的；主要的：principal city 首府→Ⅱ n. the chief person or head 首长：the principal of school 校长 participate [part=part 份儿，角色；-i-;cip=to take 取；-ate v.→] v. take part or partake 参加，参 与：The teacher participated in the chil-dren's games.教师参加了孩子们的游戏。 ▽participation [participat(e);-ion n.] n.参与，参加；分享 participator [participat(e);-or n.] n.参与者；分享者 emancipate [e-(ex-)=out 出；man=hand 手；cip=take 取；-ate v.→“to take out of one's hand 从某人手中取出”→] v. set free or release 解放，使不受束缚：Lincoln emancipated the slaves on Jan. 1st, 1863.林肯于1863 年1 月1 日解放了奴隶。 ▽emancipation [emancipat(e);-ion n.] n.解放；无拘束 emancipator [emancipat(e);-or n.] n.解放者 |
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