Question

6. arch [GK]=

Accepted Answer

rule 统治
在政治术语anarchy, monarch, monarchy 和oligarch 中，有个常用词根arch。它来自希腊名词
arkhos，意为rule（统治）。在派生词中arch 常作ruler（统治者）或government（政体）解。

anarchy [an-(a-)=no, without 无；arch=rule 治理；-y n.=the state 表状态→“the state without rule
or government 缺乏治理，没有政府”→] n. absence of government or control 无秩序；无政府
状态：Any form of government is better than anarchy. 任何形式的政体都比无政府状态好。

▽anarchic [anarch(y);-ic a.] a.无政府主义的
anarchism [anarch(y);-ism a.] n.无政府主义
anarchist [anarch(y);-ist n.] n.无政府主义者

monarch [mon=one, alone 单一；arch=ruler 统治者→“only one ruler, or one who rules a country
alone 单独治理国家者”→] n. king of sovereign 国王，君主：The monarch was ousted.国王被
赶下台了。

▽monarchal [monarch;-al a.] a.国王的，君主的

monarchy [mon-=one, alone 单一；arch=ruler 统治者；-y n.=the state 表状态→“the state or
government of only one ruler 单人统治的政体”→] n. government ruled by a monarch 君主政
体；君主国：China was once a monarchy.中国曾经是个君主国。

▽monarchic [monarch(y);-ic a.] a.君主制的；君主国的
monarchism [monarch(y);-ism n.] n.君主制度；君主主义

oligarch [olig-=few 少，寡；arch=ruler 统治者→“one of a few rulers 少数统治者之一”→] n.
member of an oligarchy 寡头统治成员：finan-cial oligarch 金融寡头

oligarchy [olig-=few 少，寡；arch=ruler 统治者；-y n.=the state 表状态→“the state or government
by a few rulers 由少数人统治的政府”→] n. rule or government by a few, often for their own
interests 寡头政治；寡头统治的政府：Ancient Sparta was really an oligarchy.古斯巴达实际上
是个寡头统治的国家。

▽oligarchic [oligarch(y);-ic a.] a.寡头政治的

polyarchy [poly-=many 多；arch=ruler 统治者；-y n.=the state 表状态→“the state or government
by many rulers 多人的统治”→] n. rule or government by many heads 多头政治

matriarch [matri=mother 母；arch=ruler 统治者→“a ruler who is a mother 母权统治者”→] n.
woman who rules a large family or tribe 女家长；女族长：This tribe is still led by matriarchs.该
部落依然以女族长为首。

▽matriarchal [matriarch;-al a.] a.女家长的；女族长的

matriarchy [matri=mother 母；arch=rule 统治；-y n.=the state 表状态→“the state of rule by
mothers 母权统治”→] n. social group or system ruled only by women 母权制；母系氏族制：
Many ancient societies were matriarchies.许多远古社会是母权制社会。

archives [arch=ruler 统治者；-ive n.=thing 物；-s 表复数→“documents belonging to rulers 属
于统治者的文件”→] n.① public records 档案② place in which public records are stored 档案
室（馆）：the central archives of the state 国家档案馆

▽archivist [archiv(es);-ist n.] n.档案保管员
archival [archiv(es);-al a.] a.关于档案的；在档案中的

arch 还可以当前缀使用。arch-意思是chief（主要的）。

archenemy [arch-=chief 主要的；enemy n.敌人→] n. chief enemy 首敌；大敌

architect [arch-=thief 首要的；-i-;tect=builder 建筑者→“chief builder 建筑者的首领”→] n.
designer of buildings 建筑设计师

▽architecture [architect;-ure n.] n.建筑学
architectonic [architect;-onic(-ic) a.] a.关于建筑的

State N Government Rule N.=The 表状态→“The Rulers Monarch