Question

42. grad, gress [L]=

Accepted Answer

to step 步
在常用grade，gradual，graduate 以及aggress，progress 中有两个同源异形根：grad 和gress。
grad 来自拉丁名词gradus，意为step（步），或者来自拉丁动词gradi，意为to step（跨步）；
gress 来自gradi 的动名词词干，意思也是to step（跨步）。

grade [grad=step 步；-e→]Ⅰn. step;degree;stage 步；级；阶段→Ⅱv.① arrange according to
grade 按等级分类：to grade the tea 给茶叶分级② assign a grade to 评级，评分：to grade papers
评试卷

▽gradation [grad (e) v.;-ation n.] n.等级；分等级

gradual [grad=step 步；-u-;-al a.=of……的→“of steps 一步步的”→] a. step by step 逐步的：
gradual recovery 逐渐康复

▽gradualism [gradual;-ism n.] n.渐进主义

graduate1 [grad=step 步，级；-u-;-ate v.=to make or take 做，取得→“to take a step in receiving
education 取得接受教育的一步”→]Ⅰv. receive a diploma or degree at a college 毕业；得学位：
He graduated in mathematics. 他是数学专业毕业的。→Ⅱn. one who graduates, especially
from a college（大学）毕业生

▽graduation [graduat(e) v.;-ion n.] n.毕业；授学位

graduate2 [grad=step or degree 步，度；-u-;-ate v.=to make 做→“to make steps or degrees for
measurement 做测量用的度数”→] v. mark with degrees in measured units 刻度，分度：a
graduated glass 刻度杯

▽graduator [graduat(e);-or n.] n.刻度器；刻度员

aggress [ag-(ad-)=toward 向；gress=to step 跨步→“to step toward 向……逼进一步”→] v.
make a first attack;intrude 挑衅；侵略：Who aggressed in the fight?谁先动手的？

▽aggression [aggress;-ion n.] n.侵略
aggressive [aggress;-ive a.] a.侵略的；爱寻衅的
aggressor [aggress;-or n.] n.侵略者

progress [pro-=forward 向前； gress=to step 迈步→ “ to step forward 向前迈步” → ] Ⅰ n.
advancement;improvement 进步；发展：Make progress every day.天天向上。→Ⅱv. go forward
前进，进步：to progress to the goal 朝着目标前进

▽progression [progress v.;-ion n.] n.行进

congress [con-=together 一起；gress=to step or go 迈步，走→“going together to meet 走到一
起聚会”→] n. meeting of delegates for discussion or settlement of problems 代表大会：the
Congress（美国）国会

▽congressman [congress;-man n.] n.国会议员
congressional [(congress;-ion);-al a.] a.代表大会的；国会的

degrade [de-=downward 向下；grad=to step 迈步；-e→“to step or go downward 向下迈步，
走下坡”→] v. lower in grade, value, etc;deprive of office or dignity 降级；贬值；贬黜；堕落：
The officer was degraded to the ranks. 该军官被降为士兵。

▽degradation [degrad(e);-ation n.] n.降级；堕落

digress [di-(dis-)=aside 偏离；gress=to step 迈步→“to step aside 步伐偏离”→] v. depart from
the main subject 离开主题：Don't digress from the point at issue.别离开争论的要点。

▽digression [digress;-ion n.] n.离题；枝节话
digressive [digress;-ive a.] a.离题的；枝节的

regress [re-=backward 向后；gress=to step 迈步→“ to step backward 向后迈步”→]Ⅰn.
return;backward movement 返回；倒退：the regress of floods 洪水的退潮→Ⅱv. go back;move
backward 返回；倒退：No one can make history regress.谁也不能叫历史倒退。

▽regression [regress;-ion n.] n.回归；倒退
regressive [regress;-ive a.] a.回归的；倒退的

Step N Grade Make Grad=Step V Progress Gress