The adrenal cortex and medulla are the two tissues of the adrenal gland. Insufficient adrenal cortex hormone production leads to Addison's disease. The adrenal medulla secretes catecholamines (adrenaline and noradrenaline), which prepare the body for action by increasing heart rate, respiration, and metabolism. The adrenal cortex has three zones (reticularis, fasciculata, glomerulosa) that secrete corticoids. Glucocorticoids, like cortisol, regulate carbohydrate metabolism and have anti-inflammatory properties. Mineralocorticoids, like aldosterone, regulate water and electrolyte balance. The cortex also secretes androgenic steroids.
The adrenal cortex and medulla are the two tissues of the adrenal gland. Insufficient adrenal cortex hormone production leads to Addison's disease. The adrenal medulla secretes catecholamines (adrenaline and noradrenaline), which prepare the body for action by increasing heart rate, respiration, and metabolism. The adrenal cortex has three zones (reticularis, fasciculata, glomerulosa) that secrete corticoids. Glucocorticoids, like cortisol, regulate carbohydrate metabolism and have anti-inflammatory properties. Mineralocorticoids, like aldosterone, regulate water and electrolyte balance. The cortex also secretes androgenic steroids.
| Subject | Adrenal Gland |
|---|---|
| Q1 | two types of tissues |
| Q1 Answer | adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla |
| Q2 | Underproduction of hormones by adrenal cortex alters carb metabolism causing acute weakness and fatigue leading to |
| Q2 Answer | Addison's disease |
| Q3 | adrenal medulla secretes |
| Q3 Answer | Catecholamines: adrenaline or epinephrine and noradrenaline or norepinephrine -emergency hormones -both increase alterness, pupilary dilation, piloerection, sweating, etc. -increase heart beat, strength of heart contraction, rate of respiration -stimulate breakdown of glycogen, lipids and proteins |
| Q4 | adrenal cortex zones and secretion |
| Q4 Answer | zona reticularis zona fasciculata zona glomerulosa secrete corticoids |
| Q5 | Glucocorticoids functions, main glucocorticoid |
| Q5 Answer | corticoids involved in carb metabolism. -cortisol is the main glucocorticoid -stimulate gluconeogenesis, lipolysis, proteolysis -inhibit cellular uptake and utilisation of amino acids. -cortisol: 1. anti-inflammatory reactions 2. maintains kidney functions 3. cardiovascular sysem 4. stimulates RBC Production |
| Q6 | Mineralocorticoids |
| Q6 Answer | -regulate balance of water and electrolytes -aldosterone is the main mineralocorticoid Aldosterone: -acts at renal tubules, reapsorption of Na+ and H2O, excretion of K+ and phosphate ions -cortex also secrete androgenic steroids |
Learn with these flashcards. Click next, previous, or up to navigate to more flashcards for this subject.
Next card: Geitonogamy transfer pollen grains anther stigma flower plant
Previous card: Cleistogamous flowers produce assured seed-set absence pollinators
Up to card list: NEET Biology ug