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Middle Term Anarchists Russians Shot Feminist Revolutionists Share

Text The middle term in the premises of a standard form categorical syllogism never refers to all of the members of the category it describes.

Examples:
Kristin is a feminist, and I am a feminist and Sylthia Plath is a feminist, and all these other authors are feminists. But they all believe vastly different things. middle term is feminist.


All Russians were revolutionists, and all anarchists were revolutionist, therefore, all anarchists were Russians.

The middle term is 'revolutionist'. While both Russians and anarchists share the common property of being revolutionist, they may be separate groups of revolutionists, and so we cannot conclude that anarchists are otherwise the same as Russians in any way. 

All trespassers are shot, and someone was shot, therefore, someone was a trespasser.

The middle term is 'shot'. While 'someone' and 'trespassers' may share the property of being shot, it doesn't follow that the someone in question was a trespasser; he may have been the victim of a mugging.

Tags: fallacies

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