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X Proof I Argument Property P Gypsies Inductive

Fallacy Proof by example
Definition and Examples inductive proof for a universal proposition. 

Structure:

I know that X is such.
Therefore, anything related to X is also such.
Argument form:

I know that x, which is a member of group X, has the property P.
Therefore, all other elements of X have the property P.
The following example demonstrates why this is a logical fallacy:

I've seen a person shoot someone dead.
Therefore, all people are murderers.
The flaw in this argument is very evident, but arguments of the same form can sometimes seem somewhat convincing, as in the following example:

I've seen Gypsies steal. So, Gypsies must be thieves.

or 

"This apple is red, therefore all apples are red."

Tags: fallacies, logic

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