This card details the transport of carbon dioxide (CO2) from tissues to the lungs, including its various forms in plasma and red blood cells, and the conversion to bicarbonate ions.
Tato karta detailně popisuje transport oxidu uhličitého (CO2) z tkání do plic, včetně jeho různých forem v plazmě a v červených krvinkách, a proces přeměny na hydrogenuhličitanové ionty.
| Front | CO2 transportation 3.1.2(i) |
|---|---|
| Back | - transported from tissues to Lungs (5% in plasma, 15% forms carbaminohaemoglobin by combining with amino groups in Hb, 80% converted into hydrogen carbonate ions in RBC cytoplasm - CO2 reacts with H20 in reversible reaction forming H2CO3, which dissociates India reversible reaction to form H+ and HCO3- - this occurs under carbonic anhydrase in RBC cytoplasm, then H2CO3 dissociates, HCO3- diffuses into plasma from RBC and Cl- moves into RBC (chloride shift, maintaining electrical balance of cell) - converting CO2 into HCO3- maintains conc gradient for CO2 to diffuse from respiring cells, once blood at lungs (low CO2 conc), carbonic anhydrase catalyses reverse reaction (H2CO3 reversibly broken down into CO2 and H2O), HCO3- diffuses back into RBC and reacts with H+ to form more H2CO3, this also broken down (releasing CO2) which diffuses into lungs, Cl- diffuses into plasma, Hb in RBC acts as buffer l, preventing change in pH by accepting free H+ in reversible reaction (forming haemoglobonic acid) |
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