| Front | intermediate com |
|---|---|
| Back | - soil cant support species on its own, when pioneer organisms die/decompose, small organic products released into soil (organic component in soil called humus), this soil supports secondary colonisers (plant species) due to its minerals and ability to retain water, secondary colonisers arrive as spores/seeds, sometimes pioneer organisms are food source, so animals may colonise - as conditions improve, tertiary colonisers arrive, these plants adapted to water drought enviros, but need to obtain water/minerals from soil, at each stage, mass of organic matter inc, deeper and more nutrient rich soil due to organisms decomposing, so more small flowering plants and then small trees, at each SS, diff animal/plant species better adapted to current conditions, so outcompete previously present species |
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