Bacteria and fungi produce toxins that damage host tissues, interfering with cellular functions or breaking down cell membranes, causing disease.
تنتج البكتيريا والفطريات سمومًا تضر بالأنسجة المضيفة، مما يتداخل مع الوظائف الخلوية أو يكسر أغشية الخلايا ويسبب المرض.
| Front | bacteria indirect/fungi 4.1.1(a) |
|---|---|
| Back | produce toxins which damage hosts tissues (most bacteria produce toxins that poison/damage hosts cell, causing disease, some toxins break down membranes and some intefere with host GM so cells cant divide, some fungi affect hosts cell using toxins) |
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