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Explanations and Presentations General
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This lesson will give some guidelines on how to explain
something and how to speak during presentations. Because I cannot be specific
to every topic, I'll choose general ones. You should primarily be looking at
the structure and style for this Business English lesson.
It is understandable if you feel nervous or uneasy about having to explain
something in
English. Because English is not your first language, it is very difficult.
However, in the office, you will be in many situations when you have to explain
something. Here are 3 tips to make your explanation or presentation easier.
First, you should not talk fast. I work in a large company with many different
people from all over the world. The hardest time I have when listening to
someone is when they talk fast with a bad accent. The problem they have is that
they are fluent and comfortable speaking English, but they do not realize how
bad their accent is. If you speak slower, you can avoid this problem. Unless
you are certain that your accent is understandable, always speak a little
slower.
Second, you should speak clearly. Say each word clearly and emphasize the
important words. Even if they don't understand every word in your sentence,
they will understand the whole meaning with proper emphasis.
Third, prepare and practice ahead of time. You should record yourself and
listen to the recording. You should also get an American friend to judge you.
This is a lot of work you have to do in the beginning, but this is VERY
important. Even though it will make your presentation or explanation clearer
and better, that is not the reason I am saying you should do the recording and
getting a friend to listen. The reason why this is so important is because you
are laying the foundation on proper communication in regards to intonation and
pronunciation. For example, if you don't do this, you might think you don't
have a problem and you will continue to practice incorrectly. Soon, you will be
someone who can talk fast but have terrible pronunciation. You will become the
type of people I described... hard to understand. If you take the time to
practice for several hours before each presentation, you will be practicing the
correct way to enhance your English abilities.
Explanation
The third step above is primarily for presentations.
When you have to give an explanation, you might not have time to prepare for
it. If someone asks you a question, you can't tell them that you will need two
hours to prepare before answering.
However, if it is work related, you have the ability to anticipate questions
ahead of time. Think of your area of expertise and list many questions you have
heard from co-workers or friends. If you speak in your own language, you know
exactly how to say it without preparing for it. But in English, you don't know
where to begin. List all your answers out and learn how to say it in English.
If you do this, then anytime you get asked a question about your area, you can
quickly respond. Here is an example with more tips.
Can
you explain the process of selling a house and the cost associated with it?"
You
can either sell the house by yourself or get an agent. Since most of the people
use an agent, I will explain that. The first thing you need to do is find a
sellers agent. The agent will list your house on the market. After the house is
on the market, people who are looking to buy a house will find a buyers agent.
The buyers agent looks through the list of houses for sale posted by the
sellers agent. The buyers agent shows your house to potential buyers. When
someone makes an offer, the buyers agent will let the sellers agent know about
the price that the buyer has offered. After everyone agrees, the house is sold.
The price associated with selling a house is based on commission. The sellers
agent will get an average of 2.5 percent of the selling price and the buyers
agent will get 2.5 percent as well. If the price of the house was $300,000,
then each agent will get $7500, costing you a total of $15,000."
You're first reaction might be, 'when am I ever going to be able to say all
this at one time?' But it is much easier than you think. I'll explain further.
We have someone asking about selling a house or something. We have to explain
the process. Even if you don't know the process of selling a house in America,
you can use the same guideline for your area of expertise. If you can say each
sentence individually, then you can say all of them put together.
I start by saying there are a couple of ways to sell a house.
Then the example says you will explain the more common process.
From here, it is basically listing steps.
1. The
first thing you need to do is find a sellers agent."
2. The
agent will list your house on the market."
3. After
the house is on the market, people who are looking to buy a house will find a
buyers agent."
4. The
buyers agent looks through the list of houses for sale posted by the sellers
agent."
5. The
buyers agent shows your house to potential buyers."
6. When
someone makes an offer, the buyers agent will let the sellers agent know about
the price that the buyer has offered."
7. After
everyone agrees, the house is sold."
8. The
price associated with selling a house is based on commission."
9. The
sellers agent will get an average of 2.5 percent of the selling price and the
buyers agent will get 2.5 percent as well."
10. If
the price of the house was $300,000, then each agent will get $7500, costing
you a total of $15,000."
This list seems pretty simple now. Each sentence is relatively short. There is
no difference between the long paragraph and the listed out items. Both contain
the same words. All I did was put them together.
Finally, if you feel that you cannot create these sentences even in a list
form, use an example that you are familiar with. I'm sure you will have an easy
time creating a list if the topic is in your area of expertise.
I recommend listening to the paragraph again. But this time, listen to the
speed I talk. Also, listen to the pauses after each sentence. Notice that I
don't have unnecessary words like 'and', 'moreover', 'furthermore',
'Afterwards', and so on. These are good words, but you don't need them that
much when you are explaining something verbally. Using pauses between sentences
and speaking clearly and slowly is the best way to communicate an explanation.
Presentation
Presentations are longer than an explanation, but it
is easier in the sense that you have time to prepare for it. The biggest
mistake I have seen is that people do not use short simple sentences. Many of
the best presentations from English speakers I have seen are those who use
simple sentences that are easy to understand. Remember that a long paragraph
can consist of 10 short sentences. It is still effective and much easier to
say.
Many times, a person will be using a presentation software like Power Point. If
that is the case, then you should prepare your slides and a separate document
with your sentences for each slide. You shouldn't read them, but at least it is
there just in case you forget to mention something. Use it as a preparation material
before the presentation and reference during the presentation. Each sentence
should be step by step explaining the content on the slide.
I am not going to be giving an example because presentations are all different
depending on the subject. But keep in mind the process I explained on the house
selling example. Keep the sentences short, speak slowly and clearly, put
emphasis on key words, and leave a short pause after each sentence.
There are many times when you will have to explain something. Here are some
questions you might hear.
What
did you do this week?"
What
are you going to do next week?"
What
is your schedule like for the next two weeks?"
Can
you explain how to perform an evaluation for a partner feedback?"
How
do I perform a refund for a credit card purchase?"
There are numerous questions like these you might run into. To answer all of
them, just follow the list example.
This
week, I finished the analysis on Ford Motor, I started writing a report on
international market penetration, and I showed our new employee how to use our
software."
This example is very simple. It is basically a list of three things. You don't
need to include any words in between.
You can use this same style of answer for many different types of questions.
Next
week, I have to finish my report, research information on GM Motors, and make a
presentation on our market strategy."
To
perform a feedback on a partner you need to specify who the partner is, what
project they worked on, the outcome of the project, where they need to improve,
and finally what they did well."
On
the credit card machine, press the refund button. Then type in the credit card
number and press enter. Type in the amount, and press enter. That's all you
need to do."
Whenever you are giving an explanation, remember the easiest way to do it is by
giving a list and putting them together. In order to be able to do this, you
must know how to say key words in your area of expertise.
When you have to give a presentation, remember that preparing is the most
important. As I said earlier, take the time on your first several presentations
to record yourself and find a friend to listen to your presentation.
Finally, let's review the three key steps you need to remember when giving an
explanation or a presentation.
Don't talk fast: Even people with perfect English have this problem. Talking
fast is not good when you are explaining something or giving a presentation.
Talk clearly: Making the words in each sentence clear will help anyone to
understand you better.
Prepare and Practice: This is the most important. As time goes on, you will
realize how much your preparation will help with your overall English skills. |