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A-Level Biology OCR A

Blood Closed Circulatory Vessels Heart Describe Features Systems

Closed circulatory systems feature blood enclosed in vessels, pumped at high pressure through arteries and returning via veins after exchange in capillaries. This system allows adjustment of blood flow and efficient gas transport using haemoglobin, and is found in echinoderms, cephalopods, earthworms, and all vertebrates.

Closed circulatory systems feature blood enclosed in vessels, pumped at high pressure through arteries and returning via veins after exchange in capillaries. This system allows adjustment of blood flow and efficient gas transport using haemoglobin, and is found in echinoderms, cephalopods, earthworms, and all vertebrates.

Front Describe the features of closed circulatory systems and what organisms have them.
Back Closed circulatory system features:
  • Blood is enclosed in vessels and does not come into contat with cells of the body
  • Heart pumps the blood at high pressure through arteries and blood quickly returns back to the heart through veins after the exchange at capillaries in tissues
  • Amount of blood flowing can be adjusted by widening/narrowing blood vessels
  • Most able to carry gases using haemoglobin
  • Found in echinoderms (sea urchins and starfish), cephalopod molluscs (octopods and squid), earthworms and all vertebrates

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